scholarly journals Optimization of monopiles for offshore wind turbines

2015 ◽  
Vol 373 (2035) ◽  
pp. 20140100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Kallehave ◽  
Byron W. Byrne ◽  
Christian LeBlanc Thilsted ◽  
Kristian Kousgaard Mikkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Design Methods ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind Industry

The offshore wind industry currently relies on subsidy schemes to be competitive with fossil-fuel-based energy sources. For the wind industry to survive, it is vital that costs are significantly reduced for future projects. This can be partly achieved by introducing new technologies and partly through optimization of existing technologies and design methods. One of the areas where costs can be reduced is in the support structure, where better designs, cheaper fabrication and quicker installation might all be possible. The prevailing support structure design is the monopile structure, where the simple design is well suited to mass-fabrication, and the installation approach, based on conventional impact driving, is relatively low-risk and robust for most soil conditions. The range of application of the monopile for future wind farms can be extended by using more accurate engineering design methods, specifically tailored to offshore wind industry design. This paper describes how state-of-the-art optimization approaches are applied to the design of current wind farms and monopile support structures and identifies the main drivers where more accurate engineering methods could impact on a next generation of highly optimized monopiles.

scholarly journals Technical & Regulatory Developments to Support Innovative Offshore Wind Vessel

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Peno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Offshore Wind Industry

Over the last few years offshore wind industry has become a key contributor to the transformation of the world energy sources. This transformation is driven not only by the increased demand of energy coming from emerging countries but also by the increased awareness about climate change. To keep on developing this industry, offshore wind farms are now moving further from shore and into deeper water. In addition, to fight back against other energy sources, an outstanding effort is requested to the whole supply chain, including vessels serving this industry, to reduce costs. This paper will explain how the development of new technologies certainly helps to solve the complex equation that the offshore wind industry is facing today. In addition, this paper will describe how classification societies support these developments by providing a constructive regulatory scope to ensure that this innovative vessels can meet this challenge without compromising on safety and while reducing their environmental impact.

Interaction of Load Analysis and Structural Design of Offshore Wind Turbines

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimon Argyriadis ◽  
Marcus Klose
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Additional Element ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Design Loads ◽  
Load Analysis

The paper presents the necessary considerations for the determination of design loads for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) and OWT support structures. The design of OWTs strongly depends on the environmental conditions such as wind and wave data, ambient temperatures and soil conditions. Load analyses for OWTs are generally done using sophisticated simulation tools which consider the turbulent wind conditions as well as the structural dynamics and the operational behavior of the turbine. Compared to wind turbines onshore, wave loads are an additional element that needs to be considered. Experience shows that the natural frequencies of the support structure highly influence the design loads on the system due to excitation by the rotor. Therefore, the load analysis in combination with optimization of the support structure is an iterative process. A close cooperation between the designing engineers of turbine and support structure is definitely required. The calculation procedure will be presented as well as results from a sample calculation for a typical configuration.

scholarly journals Offshore Wind Energy Resource Assessment across the Territory of Oman: A Spatial-Temporal Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2862
Author(s):  
Amer Al-Hinai ◽  
Yassine Charabi ◽  
Seyed H. Aghay Kaboli
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Offshore Wind Energy ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Potential

Despite the long shoreline of Oman, the wind energy industry is still confined to onshore due to the lack of knowledge about offshore wind potential. A spatial-temporal wind data analysis is performed in this research to find the locations in Oman’s territorial seas with the highest potential for offshore wind energy. Thus, wind data are statistically analyzed for assessing wind characteristics. Statistical analysis of wind data include the wind power density, and Weibull scale and shape factors. In addition, there is an estimation of the possible energy production and capacity factor by three commercial offshore wind turbines suitable for 80 up to a 110 m hub height. The findings show that offshore wind turbines can produce at least 1.34 times more energy than land-based and nearshore wind turbines. Additionally, offshore wind turbines generate more power in the Omani peak electricity demand during the summer. Thus, offshore wind turbines have great advantages over land-based wind turbines in Oman. Overall, this work provides guidance on the deployment and production of offshore wind energy in Oman. A thorough study using bankable wind data along with various logistical considerations would still be required to turn offshore wind potential into real wind farms in Oman.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis of the Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Support Structure of Cell Spar Type during its Installation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
Paweł Dymarski ◽  
Czesław Dymarski ◽  
Ewelina Ciba
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Design And Technology ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Ocean Engineering ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The article presents the results of selected works related to the wider subject of the research conducted at the Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology of the Gdansk University of Technology, which concerns design and technology of construction, towing, and settlement on the seabed, or anchoring, of supporting structures for offshore wind farms. As a result of this research, several designs of this type of objects were developed, including two stationary types: gravitational and Jack-up, which are placed on the seabed, and two floating types: TLP and SPAR, anchored with tendons and anchors in the form of nailed or suction piles. Below presented is the stability analysis of the new floating CELL SPAR type support structure for offshore wind turbines during its installation in waters with a depth of over 65 m.

scholarly journals Tripod-Supported Offshore Wind Turbines: Modal and Coupled Analysis and a Parametric Study Using X-SEA and FAST

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasin Plodpradit ◽  
Van Nguyen Dinh ◽  
Ki-Du Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines

This paper presents theoretical aspects and an extensive numerical study of the coupled analysis of tripod support structures for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) by using X-SEA and FAST v8 programs. In a number of site conditions such as extreme and longer period waves, fast installation, and lighter foundations, tripod structures are more advantageous than monopile and jacket structures. In the implemented dynamic coupled analysis, the sub-structural module in FAST was replaced by the X-SEA offshore substructure analysis component. The time-histories of the reaction forces and the turbine loads were then calculated. The results obtained from X-SEA and from FAST were in good agreement. The pile-soil-structure interaction (PSSI) was included for reliable evaluation of OWT structural systems. The superelement concept was introduced to reduce the computational time. Modal, coupled and uncoupled analyses of the NREL 5MW OWT-tripod support structure including PSSI were carried out and the discussions on the natural frequencies, mode shapes and resulted displacements are presented. Compared to the uncoupled models, the physical interaction between the tower and the support structure in the coupled models resulted in smaller responses. Compared to the fixed support structures, i.e., when PSSI is not included, the piled-support structure has lower natural frequencies and larger responses attributed to its actual flexibility. The models using pile superelements are computationally efficient and give results that are identical to the common finite element models.

scholarly journals Floating Performance of a Composite Bucket Foundation with an Offshore Wind Tower during Transportation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Ding ◽  
Zuntao Feng ◽  
Puyang Zhang ◽  
Conghuan Le ◽  
Yaohua Guo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Interaction Force ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Construction Technique ◽  
Bucket Foundation ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
One Step

The composite bucket foundation (CBF) for offshore wind turbines is the basis for a one-step integrated transportation and installation technique, which can be adapted to the construction and development needs of offshore wind farms due to its special structural form. To transport and install bucket foundations together with the upper portion of offshore wind turbines, a non-self-propelled integrated transportation and installation vessel was designed. In this paper, as the first stage of applying the proposed one-step integrated construction technique, the floating behavior during the transportation of CBF with a wind turbine tower for the Xiangshui wind farm in the Jiangsu province was monitored. The influences of speed, wave height, and wind on the floating behavior of the structure were studied. The results show that the roll and pitch angles remain close to level during the process of lifting and towing the wind turbine structure. In addition, the safety of the aircushion structure of the CBF was verified by analyzing the measurement results for the interaction force and the depth of the liquid within the bucket. The results of the three-DOF (degree of freedom) acceleration monitoring on the top of the test tower indicate that the wind turbine could meet the specified acceleration value limits during towing.

The Hydrogen Economy and Carbon Abatement – Implications and Challenges for Wind Energy

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Carbon Abatement ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Conventional Alternative ◽  
Economic Criteria

Hydrogen is a leading contender to become an alternative to fossil fuel for transport and for heat and power systems. The potential for the integration of water electrolysis systems in land based and offshore wind farms is explored and compared with the conventional alternative – steam reforming of methane. Depending on the specific production technology, hydrogen can displace fossil fuels and so reduce or completely remove the emission of carbon dioxide and other pollutants. This paper examines the principal technologies for producing hydrogen and shows how the eventual choice is likely to depend as much on political and legislative factors as on economic criteria.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of a Proposed Semi-Submersible Floating Platform with Different Numbers of Offset Columns Based on the DeepCwind Prototype for Improving the Wave-Resistance Ability

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255
Author(s):  
Zhenqing Liu ◽  
Yicheng Fan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Guowei Qian
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Floating Platform ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Irregular Wave ◽  
Decay Test ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

DeepCwind semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbines have been widely examined, and in some countries this type of floating offshore wind turbine has been adopted in the construction of floating wind farms. However, the DeepCwind semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbines still experience large surge motion that limits their operational time. Therefore, in this study, a semi-submersible floating platform with different numbers of offset columns, but with the same total weight, based on the DeepCwind prototype is proposed. From the free-decay test, it was found that the number of the floating columns will affect the natural frequency of the platform. Furthermore, the regular wave test in the time domain and the irregular wave test in the frequency domain show that increasing the number of the floating columns will reduce the surge motion greatly, while the effects in the heave and pitch motions are not obvious.

scholarly journals Foundations in Offshore Wind Farms: Evolution, Characteristics and Range of Use. Analysis of Main Dimensional Parameters in Monopile Foundations

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Sánchez ◽  
José-Santos López-Gutiérrez ◽  
Vicente Negro ◽  
M. Dolores Esteban
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
General View ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind Power ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
Dimensional Parameters

Renewable energies are the future, and offshore wind is undoubtedly one of the renewable energy sources for the future. Foundations of offshore wind turbines are essential for its right development. There are several types: monopiles, gravity-based structures, jackets, tripods, floating support, etc., being the first ones that are most used up to now. This manuscript begins with a review of the offshore wind power installed around the world and the exposition of the different types of foundations in the industry. For that, a database has been created, and all the data are being processed to be exposed in clear graphic summarizing the current use of the different foundation types, considering mainly distance to the coast and water depth. Later, the paper includes an analysis of the evolution and parameters of the design of monopiles, including wind turbine and monopile characteristics. Some monomials are considered in this specific analysis and also the soil type. So, a general view of the current state of monopile foundations is achieved, based on a database with the offshore wind farms in operation.

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