scholarly journals The memory of surfaces: epitaxial growth on quasi-crystals

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1969) ◽  
pp. 2930-2948 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. McGrath ◽  
H. R. Sharma ◽  
J. A. Smerdon ◽  
J. Ledieu
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Crystal Surfaces ◽  
Substrate Interactions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Quasi Crystals

If crystal structures can be viewed as repositories of information, then crystal surfaces offer a pathway by which this information can be used to grow new structures through the process of epitaxy. The information transfer process is one of self-organization, and the kinetic and energetic factors influencing this are complex. They include the relative strengths of the adsorbate–adsorbate and adsorbate–substrate interactions, the flux of incoming species and the temperature of the system. In this brief review, we explore how the interplay of these factors influences the degree to which the epitaxial structures retain the ‘memory’ of the template, illustrating the discussion with examples from epitaxy on quasi-crystal surfaces.

scholarly journals Self-organization and information transfer in Antarctic krill swarms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia L. Burns ◽  
Timothy M. Schaerf ◽  
Joseph T. Lizier ◽  
So Kawaguchi ◽  
Martin Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Keystone Species ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Directional Alignment ◽  
Swarming Behavior

AbstractAntarctic krill swarms are one of the largest known animal aggregations. However, despite being the keystone species of the Southern Ocean, little is known about how swarms are formed and maintained, and we lack a detailed understanding of the local interactions between individuals that provide the basis for these swarms. Here we analyzed the trajectories of captive, wild-caught krill in 3D to determine individual level interaction rules and quantify patterns of information flow. Our results suggest krill operate a novel form of collective organization, with measures of information flow and individual movement adjustments expressed most strongly in the vertical dimension, a finding not seen in other swarming species. In addition, local directional alignment with near neighbors, and strong regulation of both direction and speed relative to the positions of groupmates suggest social factors are vital to the formation and maintenance of swarms. This research represents a first step in understanding the fundamentally important swarming behavior of krill.

scholarly journals Stochastic, structural and functional factors influencing AMPA and NMDA synaptic response variability: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Di Maio ◽  
Francesco Ventriglia ◽  
Silvia Santillo
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Response Variability ◽  
Synaptic Response ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
The Brain

Synaptic transmission is the basic mechanism of information transfer between neurons not only in the brain, but along all the nervous system. In this review we will briefly summarize some of the main parameters that produce stochastic variability in the synaptic response. This variability produces different effects on important brain phenomena, like learning and memory, and, alterations of its basic factors can cause brain malfunctioning.

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