scholarly journals Leveraging e-Science infrastructure for electrochemical research

2011 ◽  
Vol 369 (1949) ◽  
pp. 3336-3352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Peachey ◽  
Elena Mashkina ◽  
Chong-Yong Lee ◽  
Colin Enticott ◽  
David Abramson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Scientific Instruments ◽  
Laboratory Science ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Data Archives ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

As in many scientific disciplines, modern chemistry involves a mix of experimentation and computer-supported theory. Historically, these skills have been provided by different groups, and range from traditional ‘wet’ laboratory science to advanced numerical simulation. Increasingly, progress is made by global collaborations, in which new theory may be developed in one part of the world and applied and tested in the laboratory elsewhere. e-Science, or cyber-infrastructure, underpins such collaborations by providing a unified platform for accessing scientific instruments, computers and data archives, and collaboration tools. In this paper we discuss the application of advanced e-Science software tools to electrochemistry research performed in three different laboratories – two at Monash University in Australia and one at the University of Oxford in the UK. We show that software tools that were originally developed for a range of application domains can be applied to electrochemical problems, in particular Fourier voltammetry. Moreover, we show that, by replacing ad-hoc manual processes with e-Science tools, we obtain more accurate solutions automatically.

The Unfinished Sexual Revolution

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Revolution ◽  
Editorial Note ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
The World ◽  
Control Clinic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

Editorial note. March 17th, 1971 was the fiftieth anniversary of the opening by Marie Stopes of her birth control clinic in Holloway, London, the first of its kind in the UK and possibly in the world. In recognition of this notable event, the Board of the Marie Stopes Memorial Foundation, in conjunction with the University of York, has established a Marie Stopes Memorial Lecture to be given annually for a term of years. The first of the series was delivered on 12th March in the Department of Sociology, University of York, by Mr Laurie Taylor of that department. In introducing the speaker, Dr G. C. L. Bertram, the Chairman, emphasized the great contribution made by Marie Stopes to human welfare and gave a brief history of the clinic, which was soon moved to Whitfield Street. On Marie Stopes' death in 1958 the Memorial Foundation was set up to manage the clinic, still in Whitfield Street, and as a working monument to a great women.Mr Taylor's script is printed below as delivered and it will be seen that the lecture was a notable one. Not only that, but it was delivered with the verve of a Shakespearean actor and the members of the large and appreciative audience will not readily forget the occasion.

scholarly journals Hydroxychloroquine and dexamethasone in COVID-19: who won and who lost?

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Ortolani ◽  
Elide A. Pastorello
Keyword(s):  
Lung Damage ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

Abstract Background On June 30, 2020, the WHO reported over 10 millions of COVID-19 cases worldwide with over half a million deaths. In severe cases the disease progresses into an Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), which in turn depends on an overproduction of cytokines (IL-6, TNFα, IL-12, IL-8, CCL-2 and IL1) that causes alveolar and vascular lung damage. Clearly, it is essential to find an immunological treatment that controls the “cytokine storm”. In the meantime, however, it is essential to have effective antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs available immediately. Pharmacologic therapy for COVID-19 Hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine have been widely adopted worldwide for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. However, the choice of this treatment was based on low quality of evidence, i.e. retrospective, non-randomized controlled studies. Recently, four large Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) have been performed in record time delivering reliable data: (1) the National Institutes of Health (NIH) RCT included 60 hospitals participating all over the world and showed the efficacy of remdesivir in reducing the recovery time in hospitalized adults with COVID-19 pneumonia; (2) three large RCTs already completed, for hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone and Lopinavir and Ritonavir respectively. These trials were done under the umbrella of the 'Recovery' project, headed by the University of Oxford. The project includes 176 participating hospitals in the UK and was set up to verify the efficacy of some of the treatments used for COVID-19. These three ‘Recovery’ RCTs concluded definitely: (a) that treatment with hydroxychloroquine provides no benefits in patients hospitalized with COVID-19; (b) that treatment with dexamethasone reduced deaths by one-third in COVID-19 patients that were mechanically ventilated, and by one-fifth in patients receiving oxygen only; (c) that the combination of Lopinavir and Ritonavir is not effective in reducing mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Conclusions The results of these four large RCTs have provided sound indications to doctors for the treatment of patients with COVID-19 and prompted the correction of many institutional provisions and guidelines on COVID-19 treatments (i.e. FDA, NIH, UK Health Service, etc.). Even though a definitive treatment for COVID-19 has not yet been found, large RCTs stand as the Gold Standards for COVID-19 therapy and offer a solid scientific base on which to base treatment decisions.

The Press and the Wider University

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institution ◽  
Academic Culture ◽  
State Funding ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The University ◽  
Unique Relationship

Oxford University Press operates as a department of the University of Oxford and, along with its Board of Delegates, draws many of its staff, authors, editors, and advisers from the graduates and scholars of that institution. Financial contributions from a successful and expanding Press have sustained the University during an era of decreasing state funding. The publications of the Press have enhanced and extended the scholarly reputation of the University and advertised Oxford University as a leader in education and research around the world. The Press relies upon the University for governance and a home in an academic culture that lends authority to all its publications. As a successful business located within an educational institution, the legal and fiscal status of the Press has sometimes been challenged, but the unique relationship has persisted. This chapter surveys the academic, financial, and administrative links between the two institutions.

scholarly journals What do pre-service teachers know about computational thinking?

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Marta Peracaula-Bosch ◽  
Meritxell Estebanell-Minguell ◽  
Digna Couso ◽  
Juan González-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The World ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The University ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In recent years, interest in Computational Thinking (CT), which is seen as a transversal competence that is necessary in the Knowledge Society, has spread to educational systems around the world. In this context, it has become necessary for training programmes for pre-service teachers to address this topic. In this article, we explore the knowledge, attitudes and expectations regarding CT held by pre-service teachers, prior to receiving training on this field. We use a descriptive analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data obtained via an ad hoc questionnaire, whereby 193 pre-service teachers at the University of Girona were asked about different aspects related to CT. The study shows that the majority of pre-service teachers cannot correctly identify most indicators associated to CT, and that most of them are unaware of the implications of the promotion of CT in terms of developed skills or areas of application. However, their expectations regarding their learning process with regard to this topic are positive. Therefore, it is necessary to more thoroughly define theoretical foundations of the concept in order to take steps to effectively include it in teacher training programmes. 

Book Reviews

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 701-703
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Economic Association ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

Valpy FitzGerald of the University of Oxford reviews “Inequality and Growth: Patterns and Policy. Volume II. Regions and Regularities,” edited by Kaushik Basu and Joseph E. Stiglitz. The Econlit abstract of this book begins: “Eight papers and eight responses, based on a roundtable convened by the International Economic Association and the World Bank on 'Shared Prosperity and Growth' and held at Dead Sea, Jordan, in June 2014, examine the state of global inequality and inequality in different regions, and analyzes other kinds of inequality and discrimination.”

Resistance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Public Funding ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
New Public ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

This chapter discusses the antagonism and resistance directed against the ARHB. When the Dearing Report first appeared, the University of Oxford stood against the establishment of a separate Research Council for humanities. It expressed doubts about the new public funding of such a new organization and on the transfer of control of expenditure away from the universities to a council envisaged as the instrument of a national policy for research in arts and humanities. Cambridge University also expressed, albeit not as adamantly as Oxford, their disapproval of a Humanities Research Council. Adding to these disapprovals were the conflicts it had caused in the contemporary UK political life, particularly with devolution. In the devolution process of the UK government, one of the devolved powers was education, which created adverse effects on the formulation of Humanities Research Council. The AHRB also met with criticism from other councils including the journals and newspapers of the UK.

The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature

Corpora ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarle Ebeling
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Automatic Processing ◽  
Electronic Text ◽  
Text Corpus ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
The World ◽  
The University

With invaluable help from and in close co-operation with colleagues from around the world, the Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature project at the University of Oxford has compiled, lemmatised and made publicly available a large body of Sumerian literature. Building a corpus of literary compositions originally written on clay tablets in the cuneiform script, and dating back nearly four thousand years, poses special challenges, not least with regard to mark-up and automatic processing of data. Some of these challenges are discussed in this paper together with issues relating to the fact that Sumerian is a language isolate and lacks resources we take for granted when working with other languages, modern or extinct, such as a standardised sign list and a comprehensive dictionary.

scholarly journals Students’ learning can be enhanced via Centres of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: A quick view all over the world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Asimakopoulos ◽  
Thanassis Karalis ◽  
Katerina Kedraka
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
University Population ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The University

This paper studies the Centers for Teaching and Learning (CTL) of the 100 top Universities in the world and investigates their role and services. The vast majority of these Centers is located in educational institutions of the US, the UK, Australia and Canada. CTL services cover many areas and target several portions of the university population. They try to meet contemporary requirements and aim to enhance teaching, learning and research processes.

scholarly journals Who funded the research behind the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e007321
Author(s):  
Samuel Cross ◽  
Yeanuk Rho ◽  
Henna Reddy ◽  
Toby Pepperrell ◽  
Florence Rodgers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Principal Investigators ◽  
Publication History ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
Vectored Vaccine ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The University

ObjectivesThe Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, Vaxzevira or Covishield) builds on two decades of research and development (R&D) into chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx) technology at the University of Oxford. This study aimed to approximate the funding for the R&D of ChAdOx and the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine and to assess the transparency of funding reporting mechanisms.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review and publication history analysis of the principal investigators to reconstruct R&D funding the ChAdOx technology. We matched award numbers with publicly accessible grant databases. We filed freedom of information (FOI) requests to the University of Oxford for the disclosure of all grants for ChAdOx R&D.ResultsWe identified 100 peer-reviewed articles relevant to ChAdOx technology published between January 2002 and October 2020, extracting 577 mentions of funding bodies from acknowledgements. Government funders from overseas (including the European Union) were mentioned 158 times (27.4%), the UK government 147 (25.5%) and charitable funders 138 (23.9%). Grant award numbers were identified for 215 (37.3%) mentions; amounts were publicly available for 121 (21.0%). Based on the FOIs, until December 2019, the biggest funders of ChAdOx R&D were the European Commission (34.0%), Wellcome Trust (20.4%) and Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (17.5%). Since January 2020, the UK government contributed 95.5% of funding identified. The total identified R&D funding was £104 226 076 reported in the FOIs and £228 466 771 reconstructed from the literature search.ConclusionOur study approximates that public and charitable financing accounted for 97%–99% of identifiable funding for the ChAdOx vaccine technology research at the University of Oxford underlying the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine until autumn 2020. We encountered a lack of transparency in research funding reporting.

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