Clustered gases as a medium for efficient plasma waveguide generation

2006 ◽  
Vol 364 (1840) ◽  
pp. 647-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M Milchberg ◽  
K.Y Kim ◽  
V Kumarappan ◽  
B.D Layer ◽  
H Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Bessel Beam ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Plasma Waveguide ◽  
Gas Jets ◽  
Cool Plasma ◽  
Beam Pump ◽  
Guided Propagation ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Disassembly Time

Clustered gas jets are shown to be an efficient means for plasma waveguide generation, for both femtosecond and picosecond generation pulses. These waveguides enable significantly lower on-axis plasma density (less than 10 18  cm −3 ) than in conventional hydrodynamic plasma waveguides generated in unclustered gases. Using femtosecond pump pulses, self-guided propagation and strong absorption (more than 70%) are used to produce long centimetre scale channels in an argon cluster jet, and a subsequent intense pulse is coupled into the guide with 50% efficiency and guided at above 10 17  W cm −2 intensity over 40 Rayleigh lengths. We also demonstrate efficient generation of waveguides using 100 ps axicon-generated Bessel-beam pump pulses. Despite the expected sub-picosecond cluster disassembly time, we observe long pulse absorption efficiencies up to a maximum of 35%. Simulations show that in the far leading edge of the long laser pulse, the volume of heated clusters evolves to a locally uniform and cool plasma already near ionization saturation, which is then efficiently heated by the remainder of the pulse.

scholarly journals Radial density profile and stability of capillary discharge plasma waveguides of lengths up to 40 cm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Turner ◽  
A. J. Gonsalves ◽  
S. S. Bulanov ◽  
C. Benedetti ◽  
N. A. Bobrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Density Profile ◽  
Pulse Propagation ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Capillary Discharge ◽  
Electron Density Profile ◽  
Plasma Waveguide ◽  
Wakefield Acceleration ◽  
Plasma Wakefield

Abstract We measured the parameter reproducibility and radial electron density profile of capillary discharge waveguides with diameters of 650 $\mathrm{\mu} \mathrm{m}$ to 2 mm and lengths of 9 to 40 cm. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, 40 cm is the longest discharge capillary plasma waveguide to date. This length is important for $\ge$ 10 GeV electron energy gain in a single laser-driven plasma wakefield acceleration stage. Evaluation of waveguide parameter variations showed that their focusing strength was stable and reproducible to $<0.2$ % and their average on-axis plasma electron density to $<1$ %. These variations explain only a small fraction of laser-driven plasma wakefield acceleration electron bunch variations observed in experiments to date. Measurements of laser pulse centroid oscillations revealed that the radial channel profile rises faster than parabolic and is in excellent agreement with magnetohydrodynamic simulation results. We show that the effects of non-parabolic contributions on Gaussian pulse propagation were negligible when the pulse was approximately matched to the channel. However, they affected pulse propagation for a non-matched configuration in which the waveguide was used as a plasma telescope to change the focused laser pulse spot size.

Effect to Online Energy Measurement Device for Long-Pulse Laser by Laser Pulse Width

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1088-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
魏继锋 Wei Jifeng ◽  
关有光 Guan Youguang ◽  
周山 Zhou Shan ◽  
彭勇 Peng Yong ◽  
胡晓阳 Hu Xiaoyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Energy Measurement ◽  
Measurement Device ◽  
Laser Pulse Width ◽  
Long Pulse

Efficient, long pulse XeF(C→A) laser at moderate electron beam pump rate

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (18) ◽  
pp. 1690-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mandl ◽  
L. N. Litzenberger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Pump Rate ◽  
Beam Pump ◽  
Long Pulse

Characterization of pure and mixed Ar, Kr and Xe gas jets generated by different nozzles and a study of X-ray radiation yields after interaction with a sub-ps laser pulse

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 101207 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Schultz ◽  
V. L. Kantsyrev ◽  
A. S. Safronova ◽  
J. J. Moschella ◽  
P. Wiewior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Jets

scholarly journals Evolution of a Plasma Waveguide Created during Relativistic-Ponderomotive Self-Channeling of an Intense Laser Pulse

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2610-2613 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-Y. Chen ◽  
G. S. Sarkisov ◽  
A. Maksimchuk ◽  
R. Wagner ◽  
D. Umstadter
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Plasma Waveguide ◽  
Intense Laser ◽  
Intense Laser Pulse

Interaction of a non-symmetric powerful laser pulse with a plasma

1998 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. GARUCHAVA ◽  
I. G. MURUSIDZE ◽  
G. I. SURAMLISHVILI ◽  
N. L. TSINTSADZE ◽  
D. D. TSKHAKAYA
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Ion Channel ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Powerful Laser ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Electron Bunches ◽  
Rear Edge ◽  
Powerful Laser Pulse

The interaction of a powerful non-symmetric laser pulse with a plasma is studied. The non-symmetry is manifested in an abrupt cut-off of the rear edge of the laser pulse compared with its leading edge. At the same time, three qualitatively different regions are distinguished: the leading edge, the rear edge and the region behind the pulse, where it leaves a wake in the form of generated fields. An analytical solution has been found that defines the longitudinal accelerating field at the end of the rear edge. The results of numerical calculations confirm our physical point of view that the non-symmetry of the laser pulse increases the duration of the ion channel behind the front, thereby enhancing the focusing and effective acceleration of electron bunches.

GUIDING OF HIGH LASER INTENSITIES IN LONG PLASMA CHANNELS

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 361-371
Author(s):  
M. LEVIN ◽  
S. EISENMANN ◽  
T. PALCHAN ◽  
A. ZIGLER ◽  
K. SUGIYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Laser Pulse ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Capillary Discharge ◽  
Intense Laser ◽  
Plasma Channels ◽  
Guided Propagation

Plasma channels have been widely used to guide intense laser pulses over many Rayleigh lengths. Using optimized segmented capillary discharges, we demonstrated guided propagation of ultra short (100 fs) high intensity (1016 W/cm-2, limited by the laser system) pulses over distances up to 12.6 cm and intensities above 1018W/cm2 for 1.5cm boron nitride capillary. Both radial and longitudinal density profiles of plasma channels were studied under various discharge conditions. A new diagnostic technique is presented in which the transport of a guided laser pulse at different delay times from the initiation of the discharge is sampled on a single discharge shot. Using external, 10 nsec Nd YAG laser of several tenths of milijoules to ignite polyethylene capillaries we have demonstrated channels of various length in density range of 1017 - 1019 cm -3 and up to 25% deep. The longitudinal profiles were found to be remarkably uniform in both short and long capillaries. The Boron Nitride capillary has provided a guiding medium that can withstand more than 1000 shots. Using these capillaries we have guided laser intensities above 1018W/cm2. The laser ignition of capillary discharge provided reliable almost jitter free approach. The concerns related to influence of relatively high current density flow through capillary on the injected electrons were studied extensively by us both theoretically and experimentally using a simple injection method. The method is based on the interaction of a high intensity laser pulse with a thin wire placed near capillary entrance. The influence of magnetic fields was found to be insignificant. Using this method we have studied transport of electrons though capillary discharge.

GENERATION OF COHERENT, BROADBAND AND TUNABLE SOFT X-RAY CONTINUUM AT THE LEADING EDGE OF THE DRIVER LASER PULSE

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURÉLIE JULLIEN ◽  
THOMAS PFEIFER ◽  
MARK J. ABEL ◽  
PHILLIP M. NAGEL ◽  
STEPHEN R. LEONE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Clean source of soft X-ray radiation formed in supersonic Ar gas jets by high-contrast femtosecond laser pulses of relativistic intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alkhimova ◽  
Sergey Ryazantsev ◽  
Igor Skobelev ◽  
Alexey Boldarev ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulse ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Average Charge ◽  
High Contrast ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Jets

In this work, we optimized a clean, versatile, compact source of soft X-ray radiation $(E_{\text{x}\text{-}\text{ray}}\sim 3~\text{keV})$ with an yield per shot up to $7\times 10^{11}~\text{photons}/\text{shot}$ in a plasma generated by the interaction of high-contrast femtosecond laser pulses of relativistic intensity $(I_{\text{las}}\sim 10^{18}{-}10^{19}~\text{W}/\text{cm}^{2})$ with supersonic argon gas jets. Using high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy approaches, the dependence of main characteristics (temperature, density and ionization composition) and the emission efficiency of the X-ray source on laser pulse parameters and properties of the gas medium was studied. The optimal conditions, when the X-ray photon yield reached a maximum value, have been found when the argon plasma has an electron temperature of $T_{\text{e}}\sim 185~\text{eV}$ , an electron density of $N_{\text{e}}\sim 7\times 10^{20}~\text{cm}^{-3}$ and an average charge of $Z\sim 14$ . In such a plasma, a coefficient of conversion to soft X-ray radiation with energies $E_{\text{x}\text{-}\text{ray}}\sim 3.1\;(\pm 0.2)~\text{keV}$ reaches $8.57\times 10^{-5}$ , and no processes leading to the acceleration of electrons to MeV energies occur. It was found that the efficiency of the X-ray emission of this plasma source is mainly determined by the focusing geometry. We confirmed experimentally that the angular distribution of the X-ray radiation is isotropic, and its intensity linearly depends on the energy of the laser pulse, which was varied in the range of 50–280 mJ. We also found that the yield of X-ray photons can be notably increased by, for example, choosing the optimal laser pulse duration and the inlet pressure of the gas jet.

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