Fish, fishers and fisheries of the Western Indian Ocean: their diversity and status. A preliminary assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1826) ◽  
pp. 263-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy van der Elst ◽  
Bernadine Everett ◽  
Narriman Jiddawi ◽  
Gerald Mwatha ◽  
Paula Santana Afonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Artisanal Fisheries ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
African Countries

The Western Indian Ocean represents ca. 8% of the world's oceans but generates only 4% of the global industrial catch. This region is also home to a great proportion of the world's population, living in developing countries with a high dependence on marine resources. Trends in the declared landings of marine resources from the Western Indian Ocean suggest that this ocean may be approaching its maximum harvest potential of ca. 4 Mt per annum, but underreported artisanal catches complicate more–detailed analyses. There is a growing demand for ‘new resources’ to make up for declining stocks, while several large fluctuations are linked to changes in market demand and over exploitation. Artisanal fisheries in the region are highly diversified. Preliminary results are presented of a project that evaluates the conservation status and sustainable management practices in 168 different fishery types. It is concluded that the majority of the region's artisanal fisheries are not adequately supported by scientific information and that management strategies need to be improved if the enormous development challenges of East African countries are to be met.

Research, assessment and management on the Mascarene Plateau: a large marine ecosystem perspective

2005 ◽  
Vol 363 (1826) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolph Payet
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Research Assessment ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
Large Marine Ecosystem

Management of marine resources over the large ocean areas provides a great challenge, albeit one with hope for sustainable governance. Despite extensive studies in many of these large ocean areas, the interaction of physical and biological processes in large shallow mid–oceanic areas, such as the Mascarene Plateau in the Western Indian Ocean, is not yet well enough understood to influence management practices. The Mascarene Plateau arches across the Western Indian Ocean from the Seychelles down to Mauritius, with water depths up to 100 m. Such a large shallow mid–oceanic area supports a wide diversity of ecosystems with potential for exploitable resources. A recent marine research programme by the Royal Geographical Society of London led to the establishment of a research framework for long–term research and assessment of the Mascarene Plateau. This paper presents an extension to this approach, with a particular focus on the management, governance and socio–economics of this area.

Toward institutions for community-based management of inshore marine resources in the Western Indian Ocean

Marine Policy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua E. Cinner ◽  
Andrew Wamukota ◽  
Herilala Randriamahazo ◽  
Ando Rabearisoa
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Community Based

scholarly journals Growth, mortality, exploitation rate and recruitment pattern of Octopus cyanea (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in the WIO region: A case study from the Mafia Archipelago, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Mathew O. Silas ◽  
Mary A. Kishe ◽  
Johnson G. Mshana ◽  
Masumbuko L. Semba ◽  
Said S. Mgeleka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Recruitment Pattern ◽  
Exploitation Rate ◽  
Yield Per Recruit

Octopus cyanea is a commercially important cephalopod in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) region, but scientific information to inform management strategies for the species is limited. A study was conducted in 2014, 2015, 2017 and 2018 to investigate biological parameters including growth, mortality, exploitation rates and recruitment patterns in the sea around Mafia Archipelago, Tanzania. Virtual population analysis (VPA) indicated differential mortality between two sampling sites; the lowest and highest fishing mortality of F = 1.5yr-1 and F = 2.7yr-1 were observed in Bwejuu (Dorsal mantle length, DMT = 18-20 cm) and Jibondo (DMT = 8-12 cm) fishing villages, respectively. The maximum exploitation rate (Emax), which gives the maximum relative yield per recruit, was estimated at 0.380 and 0.379 for Jibondo and Bwejuu, respectively. The exploitation rates E 0.5, which corresponded to 50% of the unexploited stock relative biomass per recruit, were estimated at 0.248 for Jibondo and 0.247 for Bwejuu. These values differ greatly from the exploitation rates of 0.53 and 0.41 for Jibondo and Bwejuu, respectively, suggesting that the stock of O. cyanea is probably being overfished both in terms of yield per recruit and biomass per recruit. The stock-recruit pattern was observed to be continuous year-round, with the peak being between May and July. Since the peak in recruitment of both areas coincides with the south-east monsoon (SE Monsoon) and the level of maximum sustainable yield has been overshot, it is recommended that management plans are implemented that will reduce effort while increasing biomass, for example, implementing temporal octopus fishery closures at a village level.

scholarly journals The breeding avifauna of Cosmoledo Atoll (Seychelles) with special reference to seabirds: conservation status and international importance

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérard Rocamora ◽  
Chris J. Feare ◽  
Adrian Skerrett ◽  
Majella Athanase ◽  
Edwina Greig
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
The South ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Sooty Tern ◽  
Important Bird Area

Cosmoledo Atoll, in the Aldabra Group, western Indian Ocean, has rarely been visited by scientists. This paper reports the first visit by ornithologists during the south-east monsoon when many seabirds breed. The breeding populations of three species of booby (Sula spp.) and of Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata were censused and all other species of bird seen were recorded. The atoll proved to have globally significant populations of Masked Booby Sula dactylatra of the subspecies melanops, Red-footed Booby S. sula of the subspecies rubripes, and Sooty Tern of the subspecies nubilosa. Cosmoledo also supports populations of landbirds that have forms endemic to the Aldabra group, but whose taxonomy requires examination using molecular techniques. The atoll, although currently uninhabited, suffers the impacts of exotic fauna and flora, including cats and rats, introduced by previous inhabitants. The isolation of Cosmoledo confers some protection, but its value as a centre of biodiversity, and designation as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International, indicate that formal protection is needed. Political mechanisms for this are suggested, the implementation of which would help to procure funding to enable practical conservation of the atoll's biota.

scholarly journals Adaptive Management in Outdoor Recreation: Serving Hispanics in Southern California

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
San Bernardino ◽  
Management Approaches

Abstract Traditional management approaches may not be applicable to ethnically diverse visitor populations; consequently, approaches to resource management may need to be changed. One approach, called adaptive management, is a technique that uses scientific information to help formulate management strategies and a process for continually improving management practices by learning from the outcomes of operational programs. This article describes the adaptive management process as it was used to serve Hispanic recreation visitors at the Applewhite Picnic Area (AWPA) on the San Bernardino National Forest in southern California. Three studies have been conducted at this site to gather information. AWPA managers used the data to renovate the picnic area and to provide management direction, and managers are currently implementing ideas based on the results of this study; these ideas include adding an art log, adding a sports area, and preventing trespass at the site. West. J. Appl. For. 17(3):129–133.

Trigonidiinae crickets from Rodrigues island: from widespread pantropical species to critically endangered endemic species

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3191 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYLVAIN HUGEL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

The Trigonidiinae crickets of Rodrigues are examined. Two species widespread in South Western Indian Ocean islandsare recorded in Rodrigues for the first time: Trigonidium cicindeloides Rambur, 1839 and Natula longipennis (Serville,1839). Nemobius luteolus Butler, 1876 is a Trigonidiinae and not a Nemobiinae, it is transferred to Metioche Stål, 1877 asMetioche luteolus (Butler, 1876), n. comb. Two new species are described from the restored areas of the island. Thesenew species are tentatively considered as Metioche and included in the new subgenus Superstes n. subgen.: Metioche (Su-perstes) superbus n. subgen., n. sp. and Metioche (Superstes) payendeei n. subgen., n. sp. This new subgenus is charac-terized by the male genitalia asymmetry and the striking hyperthely of the left pseudepiphallic lophi and paramere. Elements of the ecology of endemic Trigonidiinae of Rodrigues are given, and their conservation status is assessed.

scholarly journals Materializing the blue economy: tuna fisheries and the theory of access in the Western Indian Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mialy Andriamahefazafy ◽  
Christian A. Kull
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Blue Economy ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
Tuna Fisheries ◽  
The Impact

<p>Many African countries are progressively embracing the blue economy. African islands of the western Indian Ocean, however, have been involved in it for more than twenty years through the exploitation of their 'blue gold': tuna. In this article, we use Ribot and Peluso's (2003) "theory of access" to map the different ways actors access tuna under diverse socio-economic contexts and how power relations are created through different mechanisms of access. We show that rights-based mechanisms such as fishing access agreements are highly questionable for their fairness and sustainability but bring benefits such as funding for fisheries-related infrastructures and projects. We also show that access to the resource is dependent on knowledge held by fishers, on technological advances as well as on diverse labor relations. These mechanisms significantly impact the quantity of fish that can be accessed by artisanal versus industrial market sectors, and generate narratives of unequal access to tuna. Furthermore, we take into consideration the materiality of tuna as a highly mobile resource in a space of fluid boundaries, to show how the fish can be an actant in shaping access but also how fishing practices can produce new materialities. Based on the above evidence, we propose an enhancement of the theory of access to consider the role of materiality of the resources and the sea. We conclude that to ensure that tuna fisheries continue to contribute to the blue economy of African islands, stakeholders need to balance between the diverse benefits produced by the fisheries and the uneven power relations that can arise, and to integrate the impact of a material sea and fish in this reflection. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: fishers, knowledge, materiality, power relations, spatiality of the sea, technology, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles</p>

BİLGİ YÖNETİMİ UYGULAMALARI KAPSAMINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLARI YÖNETİMİNDE MEYDANA GELEN DEĞİŞİMLER

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ozan Büyükyılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Management Philosophy ◽  
Management Processes

The development and expansion of knowledge management as an important management philosophy has a significant impact on human resources management as well as on organization as a whole. In this context, knowledge management processes have been used as a strategic tool within human resources management.Therefore, functions of human resources management must adapt itself to this change. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of human resources management in the management of knowledge and to reveal the effects of knowledge management practices on the functions of human resources byexamining the relationship between human resources and knowledge management. In this context, a theoretical investigation was conducted. It has been determined that significant changes occurred on the functions of human resources management such as selection and recruitment, performance management, remuneration and reward, training and development within the framework of the knowledge management strategies.

Institutional Repositories in Swaziland: An Exploratory Study

Mousaion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ncamsile Nombulelo Dlamini ◽  
Maritha Snyman
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Limited Knowledge ◽  
Advocacy Strategies ◽  
Awareness Level

The purpose of this paper is to assess the current status of institutional repositories (IRs) in Swaziland’s academic institutions. The factors under discussion are the number of IRs in Swaziland, their usage, the level of awareness of these IRs, and the challenges that prevent the implementation of IRs in Swaziland’s academic institutions. A webometric approach, interviews and semi-structured questionnaires completed by IR managers or librarians working for the Swaziland’s academic institutions were used to collect data for this study. Responses were received from 11 respondents. The findings indicated that there is one IR in Swaziland that is accessible to the institution’s community via the intranet. This IR was, at the time when this study took place, not registered in any of the international registries of repositories, such as the Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR) and the Directory of Open Access Repositories (OpenDOAR). Currently, this IR faces problems of insufficient content, a low level of IR awareness, limited knowledge of effective and appropriate IR advocacy strategies and limited knowledge of effective IR implementation and management strategies. Based on the findings and information gained from a literature review of IRs, the paper recommends strategies to academic institutions in Swaziland that may enable them to increase their number of IRs, the awareness level of IRs and consequently the use of IRs. The findings and recommendations may also benefit other African countries in similar situations.  

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