Tertiary structural development of selected valleys based on seismic data: Basin and Range province, northeastern Nevada

1981 ◽  
Vol 300 (1454) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Basin And Range Province ◽  
Listric Fault ◽  
Strike Direction ◽  
Complex Scheme ◽  
Tear Fault ◽  
Well Data ◽  
East West

Reflexion seismic data in Railroad, Diamond, Mary’s River and Goshute Valleys provide information on their structural development that cannot be deduced solely from outcrop and well data. These valleys contain Tertiary sediments that, in dip section, define an asymmetrical basin bounded along the eastern flank by a major listric normal fault with about 3.0-4.5 km of displacement. The west flank is defined by a gentle east-dipping ramp. Seismically the trace of the listric fault is interpreted to dip westward and sole into the Palaeozoic section exploiting regionally recognized Mesozoic decollement surfaces. The Tertiary depocentre, adjacent to this fault, shifted from west to east with continued slippage through time, the greatest movement occurring in the Miocene and post-Miocene. In the strike direction, the valleys are separated into at least two subbasins by an east-west structurally high axis. The axis is postulated to be the result of a tear fault associated with movement along the listric normal fault. Tertiary stratigraphy varies between valleys and between sub-basins in a given valley. All the valleys contain Miocene and younger rocks; however, not all sub-basins contain the pre-Miocene section, suggesting a complex scheme of structural development.

scholarly journals Structural Development of Jebel Abd Al Aziz, Northeast Syria

GeoArabia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Norman Kent ◽  
Robert G. Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Northern Margin ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Topographic Features ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Structural Blocks ◽  
East West

ABSTRACT Jebel Abd Al Aziz, one of the most prominent topographic features in northeastern Syria, is a large surface anticline. An integrated structural and stratigraphic study conducted by Unocal from 1988 to 1995 resulted in recognition that Jebel Abd Al Aziz originated from inversion of a pre-existing graben. Understanding the complex structural and stratigraphic history of the Jebel Abd Al Aziz is important to hydrocarbon exploration and development in the northern Arabian tectonic plate. This importance is demonstrated by the strong correlation between hydrocarbon productive areas and the areas of Plio-Pleistocene structural inversion. Our study illustrates how the evolution of this structure is recorded in its local stratigraphy. Prior to the development of the Jebel Abd Al Aziz structure, Senonian shelf carbonates prograded southward from Turkey into the Palmyride-Sinjar Trough that extended from west central to northeastern Syria. The shelf edge of this carbonate system was south of and subparallel to the Syrian border. In the Jebel Abd Al Aziz area, fine-grained basinal mudstones were deposited on a thin, transgressive, rudistid, bioclastic unit. In Early Maastrichtian, an east-west-trending graben developed at the present site of Jebel Abd Al Aziz. Reactivated northwest- and northeast-striking faults bound structural blocks within the graben. Seismic data indicate that the edges of the rift basin were deeply eroded. Valleys, cut into the sides of the basin along the trend of the older cross-cutting regional faults, exposed Carboniferous and possibly older strata. Olistostromes formed along the basin-bounding fault scarps and small turbidite fans developed at the channel mouths. Paleocurrent direction data from the turbidite sand bodies corresponds well with the trends of the valleys mapped on seismic data. Maastrichtian-age sediments are largely confined to the graben proper. Early Tertiary sediments filled a wider basin, but there is evidence that minor episodic inversion on some northeast and northwest trending faults occurred during the Eocene and early Miocene. The main inversion of the Jebel Abd Al Aziz structure occurred in the Late Pliocene and Pleistocene. Inversion produced a large fault-propagation fold above east-west trending faults near the northern margin of the graben. Smaller folds developed above other graben-bounding faults and the northeast- and northwest-striking faults within the graben underwent oblique slip during the deformation.

scholarly journals Fault analysis to Determine Deformation History of Kubang Pasu Formation at South of UniMAP Stadium Hill, Ulu Pauh, Perlis, Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Deformation History ◽  
Stress Direction ◽  
Strike Direction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dip Angle ◽  
East West

The Kubang Pasu Formation at South of UniMap Stadium Hill has suffered deformation that produced fault with various types and orientations. First deformation (ST1) is southeast – northwest were resulted normal, reverse, dextral and sinistral fault. At station 32, Reverse fault (N940E/480) from ST1 was cut by reverse fault (N480E/400) result of second deformation (ST2). Another cross cutting fault found at station 108, third deformation (ST3) with stress direction from northeast – southwest that produced reverse fault with strike direction N1340E and 680 of dip angle was cutting the reverse fault (N870E/660) from second deformation. The youngest deformation (ST4) has stress from east – west. At station 110, normal fault (N900E/300) is representing the youngest deformation was cutting the reverse fault (N1540E/520) from third deformation.

scholarly journals Tectonic Relationships and Structural Development between Arjosari, Pacitan, East Java and Tawangmangu, Karanganyar, Central Java

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahrudin . ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi Hidayatillah ◽  
Muhammad Jabaris Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Normal Fault ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Structural Mapping ◽  
Structural Pattern ◽  
Volcanic Arcs ◽  
The North ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Complex Part ◽  
Main Stress ◽  
East West

Java Island has volcanic arcs at the south and at the middle which are spread in a east-west pattern called Southern Mountains Zone and Quaternary Mountains Zone. The east-west pattern resembles the structural pattern produced by the Java tectonic subduction. Based on this, research was carried out to determine tectonic relationships and structural development in the Southern Mountains Zone and the Quaternary Mountains Zone. The study was conducted by structural mapping of each zone, namely the Grendulu Fault in Pacitan Regency which belongs to Southern Mountain Zone and the Cemorosewu Fault in Karanganyar Regency which belongs to Quaternary Mountains Zone. The mapping shows that the Grendulu Fault is a horizontal fault with north-south main stress, while the Cemorosewu Fault is a normal fault with nearly vertical main stress. Based on these, it can be concluded that there is no direct, but indirect tectonic relationship that works between the two: both structures developed due to Java Subduction. The structural development of the Grendulu Fault is strongly influenced by Java Subduction, which the subduction gives north-south main stress that forms this fault. While Southern Mountains formed, Kendeng Basin was formed due to loading from the mass of Southern Mountains. The formation of Kendeng Basin was continued with the formation of the Mount Lawu Complex (part of Quarternary Mountains) where the Cemorosewu Fault developed. This fault is formed as a result of mass loading of the Mount Lawu itself and triggered by the slope from Kendeng Basin to the north.

scholarly journals The 31 March 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, Earthquake: Seismotectonics and Preliminary Aftershock Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee M. Liberty ◽  
Zachery M. Lifton ◽  
T. Dylan Mikesell
Keyword(s):  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Volcanic Belt ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Basin And Range Province ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
The North ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Tectonic Framework ◽  
Tectonic Belt

Abstract We report on the tectonic framework, seismicity, and aftershock monitoring efforts related to the 31 March 2020 Mw 6.5 Stanley, Idaho, earthquake. The earthquake sequence has produced both strike-slip and dip-slip motion, with minimal surface displacement or damage. The earthquake occurred at the northern limits of the Sawtooth normal fault. This fault separates the Centennial tectonic belt, a zone of active seismicity within the Basin and Range Province, from the Idaho batholith to the west and Challis volcanic belt to the north and east. We show evidence for a potential kinematic link between the northeast-dipping Sawtooth fault and the southwest-dipping Lost River fault. These opposing faults have recorded four of the five M≥6 Idaho earthquakes from the past 76 yr, including 1983 Mw 6.9 Borah Peak and the 1944 M 6.1 and 1945 M 6.0 Seafoam earthquakes. Geological and geophysical data point to possible fault boundary segments driven by pre-existing geologic structures. We suggest that the limits of both the Sawtooth and Lost River faults extend north beyond their mapped extent, are influenced by the relic trans-Challis fault system, and that seismicity within this region will likely continue for the coming years. Ongoing seismic monitoring efforts will lead to an improved understanding of ground shaking potential and active fault characteristics.

scholarly journals Characterizing Seismo-stratigraphic and Structural Framework of Late Cretaceous-Recent succession of offshore Indus Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Khan ◽  
Yike Liu ◽  
Asam Farid ◽  
Muhammad Owais
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Indian Plate ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Structural Growth ◽  
Seismic Records ◽  
Exploratory Wells ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles ◽  
Push Up

Abstract Regional seismic reflection profiles and deep exploratory wells have been used to characterize the subsurface structural trends and seismo-stratigraphic architecture of the sedimentary successions in offshore Indus Pakistan. To improve the data quality, we have reprocessed the seismic data by applying signal processing scheme to enhance the reflection continuity for obtaining better results. Synthetic seismograms have been used to identify and tie the seismic reflections to the well data. The seismic data revealed tectonically controlled, distinct episodes of normal faulting representing rifting during Mesozoic and transpression at Late Eocene time. A SW-NE oriented anticlinal type push up structure is observed resulted from the basement reactivation and recent transpression along Indian Plate margin. The structural growth of this particular pushup geometry was computed. Six mappable seismic sequences have been identified on seismic records. In general, geological formations are at shallow depths towards northwest due to basement blocks uplift. A paleoshelf is also identified on seismic records overlain by Cretaceous sediments, which is indicative of Indian-African Plates rifting at Jurassic time. The seismic interpretation reveals that the structural styles and stratigraphy of the region were significantly affected by the northward drift of the Indian Plate, post-rifting, and sedimentation along its western margin during Middle Cenozoic. A considerable structural growth along the push up geometry indicates present day transpression in the margin sediments. The present comprehensive interpretation can help in understanding the complex structures in passive continental margins worldwide that display similar characteristics but are considered to be dominated by rifting and drifting tectonics.

Seismic-to-well tie of a field of the Nigerian Delta

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
S. Inichinbia ◽  
A.L. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Seismic Inversion ◽  
Seismic Wavelet ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Convolution Model ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Well Data ◽  
Seismic Reflectors ◽  
Matching Techniques

This paper presents a rigorous but pragmatic and data driven approach to the science of making seismic-to-well ties. This pragmatic  approach is consistent with the interpreter’s desire to correlate geology to seismic information by the use of the convolution model,  together with least squares matching techniques and statistical measures of fit and accuracy to match the seismic data to the well data. Three wells available on the field provided a chance to estimate the wavelet (both in terms of shape and timing) directly from the seismic and also to ascertain the level of confidence that should be placed in the wavelet. The reflections were interpreted clearly as hard sand at H1000 and soft sand at H4000. A synthetic seismogram was constructed and matched to a real seismic trace and features from the well are correlated to the seismic data. The prime concept in constructing the synthetic is the convolution model, which represents a seismic reflection signal as a sequence of interfering reflection pulses of different amplitudes and polarity but all of the same shape. This pulse shape is the seismic wavelet which is formally, the reflection waveform returned by an isolated reflector of unit strength at the target  depth. The wavelets are near zero phase. The goal and the idea behind these seismic-to-well ties was to obtain information on the sediments, calibration of seismic processing parameters, correlation of formation tops and seismic reflectors, and the derivation of a  wavelet for seismic inversion among others. Three seismic-to-well ties were done using three partial angle stacks and basically two formation tops were correlated. Keywords: seismic, well logs, tie, synthetics, angle stacks, correlation,

NEW IDEAS ON THE RIFTING HISTORY AND STRUCTURAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE WESTERN OTWAY BASIN: EVIDENCE FROM THE INTEGRATION OF AEROMAGNETIC, GRAVITY AND SEISMIC DATA

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.W. O'Brien ◽  
C.V. Reeves ◽  
P.R. Milligan ◽  
M.P. Morse ◽  
E.M. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Petroleum Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Structural Architecture ◽  
Great Australian Bight

The integration of high resolution, image-processed aeromagnetic data with regional geological, magnetic, gravity and seismic data-sets has provided new insights into the structural architecture, rifting history, and petroleum potential of the western onshore and offshore Otway Basin, south-eastern Australia.Three principal structural directions are evident from the magnetic data: NS, NE-ENE and NW-WNW. The structural fabric and regional geological data suggest that the rifting history of the basin may have taken place in two distinct stages, rather than within a simple rift-to-drift framework. The initial stage, from 150 to ~120 Ma, took place within a stress regime dominated by NW-SE extensional transport, similar to that of the basins within the Great Australian Bight to the west. ENE-striking extensional rift segments, such as the Crayfish Platform-Robe Trough and the Torquay Sub-Basin, developed during this period, contemporaneous with the deposition of thick sediments of the Early Cretaceous (Tithonian-Hauterivian) Crayfish Subgroup. In other parts of the basin, NW-striking rift segments, such as the Penola, and perhaps Ardonachie, Troughs onshore, developed within a strongly trans-tensional (left-lateral strike-slip) environment. At ~120 Ma, the regional stress field changed, and the Crayfish Subgroup-aged rift segments were reactivated, with uplift and block faulting extending through to perhaps 117 Ma. Rifting then recommenced at about 117 Ma (contemporaneous with the deposition of the Barremian-Albian Eumeralla Formation), though the extensional transport direction was now oriented NNE-SSW, almost perpendicular to that of the earlier Crayfish Subgroup rift stage. This later rift episode ultimately led to continental breakup at ~96 Ma and produced the 'traditional' normal fault orientations (NW-SE to WNW-ESE) throughout the Otway Basin.

Normal fault growth and segment linkage in a gravitationally detached delta system: evidence from 3D seismic reflection data from the Ceduna Sub-basin, Great Australian Bight

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Alexander Robson ◽  
Rosalind King ◽  
Simon Holford
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Fault Plane ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Listric Fault ◽  
Dip Angle ◽  
Fault Growth

The authors used three-dimensional (3D) seismic reflection data from the central Ceduna Sub-Basin, Australia, to establish the structural evolution of a linked normal fault assemblage at the extensional top of a gravitationally driven delta system. The fault assemblage presented is decoupled at the base of a marine mud from the late Albian age. Strike-linkage has created a northwest–southeast oriented assemblage of normal fault segments and dip-linkage through Santonian strata, which connects a post-Santonian normal fault system to a Cenomanian-Santonian listric fault system. Cenomanian-Santonian fault growth is on the kilometre scale and builds an underlying structural grain, defining the geometry of the post-Santonian fault system. A fault plane dip-angle model has been created and established through simplistic depth conversion. This converts throw into fault plane dip-slip displacement, incorporating increasing heave of a listric fault and decreasing in dip-angle with depth. The analysis constrains fault growth into six evolutionary stages: early Cenomanian nucleation and radial growth of isolated fault segments; linkage of fault segments by the latest Cenomanian; latest Santonian Cessation of fault growth; erosion and heavy incision during the continental break-up of Australia and Antarctica (c. 83 Ma); vertically independent nucleation of the post-Santonian fault segments with rapid length establishment before significant displacement accumulation; and, continued displacement into the Cenozoic. The structural evolution of this fault system is compatible with the isolated fault model and segmented coherent fault model, indicating that these fault growth models do not need to be mutually exclusive to the growth of normal fault assemblages.

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