scholarly journals A discussion on ship technology in the 1980s - Introductory remarks

1972 ◽  
Vol 273 (1231) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
Economic Information ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Major Industry

The Royal Society, which from the seventeenth century onwards has acted as a centre for whatever has been of excellence in British science and technology, is participating more than ever today in those processes by which science and technology are recognized as integrated into the fabric of society in general, and into the industrial life of the country in particular. To this end, The Society’s Committee for Industrial Activities, of which I am Chairman, is organizing an extended series of discussion meetings under the general title ‘Technology in the 1980s’. There was an excellent attendance for the exciting first meeting of the series, held last November, on ‘Building technology in the 1980s’, and I am delighted to welcome another large and distinguished audience to this second meeting on the subject ‘ Ship technology’, one that has been dear to the Royal Society’s heart from the early days of Fellows such as Samuel Pepys. The general aim of our series of meetings on ‘Technology in the 1980s’ is to promote, in the context of each major industry or group of industries, the formation of some integrated forward look by those engaged in research, development and forward planning. We want to ask not only to what extent the research and development now in progress may succeed in improving the industry’s future prospects; not only how the changing world patterns of demand and other economic factors will modify the kinds of research and development needed; we aim to go beyond those two questions into the field of integrated techno-economic planning which seeks to combine the best available technological and economic information to produce as clear a map as possible of the industry’s future; a map with the features of Britain’s own industry emphasized, but seen in the context of world developments.

A discussion on building technology in the 1980s - Introductory remarks

1972 ◽  
Vol 272 (1229) ◽  
pp. 495-496
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
British Industry ◽  
Look Ahead

The Royal Society, which for over three centuries has been the prime meeting-place for all the leading pathfinders in British science and technology, is concerned more than ever today with the great enterprise of viewing technological and scientific development and research in the total context of the needs emerging in industry as a whole. To this end, the Society’s Committee on Industrial Activities, of which I am Chairman, but most of whose 22 members are Fellows of the Royal Society working within British industry, has instituted a series of major discussion meetings under the general heading ‘Technology in the 1980s’. One clear object of these meetings is to focus attention upon those developments and researches now in progress that relate to the needs of a particular industry and that seem so important that they are likely to transform some aspect of the technology of that industry by (say) the 1980s. An even more important aim is to look ahead, in the light of all the information we have about not only technological but also general developments in that industry, and to try to forecast its expected character and problems in the 1980 s in an integrated fashion, that can give real help in planning today’s research and development effort.

Introductory remarks

1971 ◽  
Vol 269 (1199) ◽  
pp. 323-326
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Arts

May I begin by extending the warmest possible welcome on behalf of the Royal Society to all of you, and a particular welcome to all those who have been so kind as to agree to speak at this meeting. I should like also to give especial greetings to our many visitors from abroad. We are delighted to see you here in London. The Royal Society of London, in its fourth century of work to foster science and technology, is more than ever concerned to arrange discussions of those subjects that involve interactions between different specialist disciplines. Admittedly, during the third and fourth of those centuries, thousands of Specialist societies have grown up, and have done excellent and distinguished work within particular disciplines. Nevertheless, there are many very complicated borderline areas, which specialized bodies are prone to ignore, and these are where a Society with a very broad field of interest and expertise can play an important part. Recently the Royal Society has gone still farther, and taken particular interest in interactions with subjects somewhat outside the normal field of science and technology; subjects like demography and archaeology. Today and tomorrow we are concerned, not only with science and technology in the shape of aerodynamics and structural engineering, but also with both the arts and social studies, in the shape of one of the classical fine arts—architecture—and one of the characteristic systematizing fields of work of the twentieth century, that of socio-economic planning.

scholarly journals Preface

1987 ◽  
Vol 317 (1184) ◽  
pp. 67-67
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Actual Content ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hybrid Product ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

It was between 1886 and 1888 that Hellriegel & Wilfarth published the two reports which finally convinced the scientific community of the reality of biological nitrogen fixation, so Centenary Meetings celebrating their work can legitimately have a wide coefficient of variance. The present meeting, possibly one of the first, arose because, 4 to 5 years ago, the Royal Society received two different proposals for meetings on nitrogen fixation. One, from me, was intended to bring the genetics of nitrogen fixation before a wider scientific audience; the other, from Dr Bergersen, was intended to celebrate this Centenary, with an emphasis on the plant symbioses. The Society asked us to get together and this is the published version of the hybrid product. We did indeed celebrate the work of Hellriegel & Wilfarth with the Centenary Lecture which started our proceedings. After that, as our title indicated, we attempted to illustrate, by selected contributions, the present state of the subject as well as to look ahead at future prospects. That is why there is a strong emphasis on molecular genetics, because no-one can dispute that this area has been a major growth point in recent years. But I ask those who feel that more physiological matters have been neglected to pay close attention to the actual content of what might seem abstruse molecular biology; much of the research reported in these contributions is in fact classical physiology approached with new and powerful tools. They are all about how the genome and the cell biochemistry interact and that, in anyone’s book, has to be physiology.

DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE MEDIA TO TEACH SPEAKING SKILL FOR GRADE 11 STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggi Yulihar And Nora Ronita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Interactive Media ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Need Analysis ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Senior High School Students

The study deals with the developing interactive media for senior high school students. The objective of this study is to find out how to develop interactive media for better speaking skill of senior high school students. The research was conducted by using Research and Development (R&D). The subject of this research was 2016/2017 students of the eleventh grade of Class XI IPA4 in SMAN 1 Batang Kuis. The number of the students was 30 students. The data of this study was collected by using need analysis questionnaire and experts’ judgment. Need analysis questionnaire was calculated by using percentage to get the information of students’ need before developing interactive media. Experts’ judgment was calculated by using likert data, mean and criteria interval of expert judgment to know the validity of interactive media which has been developed. After the data analyzed, it was found that the experts’ judgment result was 4.80 which had a very good criteria interval. The result of the research find that interactive media is a very good to be used in teaching speaking skill.

Driving Taiwanese science and technology research

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Dar-Bin Shieh
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Technology Research ◽  
Technological Research ◽  
Deputy Minister

Professor Dar-Bin Shieh, Deputy Minister at the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology, shares with us details of the efforts undertaken at the Ministry to promote and support scientific and technological research and development in Taiwan, including his response to the COVID-19 pandemic

scholarly journals Cochlear Implant Research and Development in the Twenty-first Century: A Critical Update

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-508
Author(s):  
Robert P. Carlyon ◽  
Tobias Goehring
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Speech Processing ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
First Century ◽  
Directional Microphones ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Processing Algorithms ◽  
Improve Patient

AbstractCochlear implants (CIs) are the world’s most successful sensory prosthesis and have been the subject of intense research and development in recent decades. We critically review the progress in CI research, and its success in improving patient outcomes, from the turn of the century to the present day. The review focuses on the processing, stimulation, and audiological methods that have been used to try to improve speech perception by human CI listeners, and on fundamental new insights in the response of the auditory system to electrical stimulation. The introduction of directional microphones and of new noise reduction and pre-processing algorithms has produced robust and sometimes substantial improvements. Novel speech-processing algorithms, the use of current-focusing methods, and individualised (patient-by-patient) deactivation of subsets of electrodes have produced more modest improvements. We argue that incremental advances have and will continue to be made, that collectively these may substantially improve patient outcomes, but that the modest size of each individual advance will require greater attention to experimental design and power. We also briefly discuss the potential and limitations of promising technologies that are currently being developed in animal models, and suggest strategies for researchers to collectively maximise the potential of CIs to improve hearing in a wide range of listening situations.

A Comparison of Mortality and Sickness in Relation to Geographical and Socio-Economic Factors

1971 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Daw
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
External Agent ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

‘Suppose a man becomes ill, gets worse and dies. His death is instantaneous but the cause of his death—deterioration of health—may have been progressing for some time. Death takes place because his health has deteriorated beyond a certain limit.’ So wrote C. D. Rich (1940) in introducing his ‘General theory of mortality’ which can also be regarded as a theory of sickness, although Rich does not develop this aspect of it. The point in the gradual deterioration of health at which death takes place is unmistakable but the point at which sickness begins is hazy and ill defined, as also is the point at which recovery from sickness takes place when health is improving. As Stocks (1949) says ‘The distinction between the living and the dead is clear cut, but no such frontier line between sickness and health can be said to exist except in the case of acute illness caused immediately and directly by an external agent. There is a zone between the two states in which the decision whether the subject is sick or not depends on definitions or standards of good health and also on who decides.’

scholarly journals XIV. On the absorption of gases by solids

1881 ◽  
Vol 32 (212-215) ◽  
pp. 407-408
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Solid Matter ◽  
Chemical Action ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
Solid Iron ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Very High

During the progress of the investigations which I have from time to time had the honour of bringing under the notice of the Royal Society, I have again and again noticed the apparent disappearance of gases inclosed in vessels of various materials when the disappearance could not be accounted for upon the assumption of ordinary leakage. After a careful examination of the subject I found that the solids absorbed or dissolved the gases, giving rise to a striking example of the fixation of a gas in a solid without chemical action. In carrying out that most troublesome investigation, the crystalline separation of carbon from its compounds, the tubes used for experiment have been in nine cases out of ten found to be empty on opening them, and in most cases a careful testing by hydraulic press showed no leakage. The gases seemed to go through the solid iron, although it was 2 inches thick. A series of experiments with various linings were tried. The tube was electro-plated with copper, silver, and gold, but with no greater success. Siliceous linings were tried fusible enamels and glass—but still the' tubes refused to hold the contents. Out of thirty-four experiments made since my last results were published, only four contained any liquid or condensed gaseous matter after the furnacing. I became convinced that the solid matter at the very high pressure and temperature used must be pervious to gases.

scholarly journals James Keir of the Lunar Society

1967 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-154 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Scientific Revolution ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Phlogiston Theory ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Modern Chemistry ◽  
Lunar Society Of Birmingham

THE long career of James Keir (born in Edinburgh on 20 September 1735, elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on 8 December 1785, died at West Bromwich on 11 October 1820) effectively covered the period of the scientific revolution out of which modern chemistry evolved. Keir himself played a significant part in that revolution, as writer, experimenter, and industrialist—and, by no means least, as a frequent ‘chairman’ at meetings of the Lunar Society of Birmingham, which he helped to hold together by his tact and force of character. Although there are frequent references to Keir in books and articles dealing with the period (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8), he remains relatively unknown, partly because he was overshadowed by men like Priestley and Watt, partly because he adhered too long to the phlogiston theory, and perhaps also because of his own modesty. A short account of his life, and an appreciation of his contributions to science and technology, may therefore not be out of place, particularly in view of the marked revival of interest in the Lunar Society in recent years.

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