Propagation of electromagnetic waves in circular rods in torsion

1963 ◽  
Vol 255 (1059) ◽  
pp. 389-416 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Linear Functions ◽  
Static Deformation ◽  
Polynomial Functions ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Field ◽  
Speed Of Propagation ◽  
Propagation Of Waves

Invariance considerations are employed to write down constitutive equations governing the propagation of electromagnetic waves in isotropic materials with a centre of symmetry which are subject to a static deformation. It is assumed that the dielectric displacement and magnetic induction vectors are linear functions of the electric and magnetic field intensities, respectively, but are general polynomial functions in the quantities which specify the deformation. The theory is employed to examine propagation along circular cylindrical rods in torsion. Rotating waves are produced whose speed of propagation and rate of rotation depend upon the magnitude of the deformation and the properties of the material. The nature of these waves is examined for the general case where there is no restriction either upon the amount of torsion or upon the magnitude of the effect. When the amount of torsion, or the dependence of the effect upon deformation is small, solutions can be obtained based upon those for the propagation of waves in undeformed materials.

scholarly journals Nature of Energy Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1461-1470
Author(s):  
Cynelle Olívia de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Subatomic Particles ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Fields ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Field ◽  
Intrinsic Kinetic

Electromagnetic waves have an electric and magnetic field. There is an intimate relationship between these two fields and in this present work we adopt the theory that subatomic particles, here being considered neutrinos, can carry the thermal energy calculated through intrinsic kinetic energy. The field of neutrinos determined here may be responsible for the formation of the second harmonic, recently discovered, in which highly energetic electromagnetic waves, in the order of terahertz, excite superconducting electrons. Theories related to the electron and the electric and magnetic fields were also addressed, as their nature is fundamental to the understanding of electromagnetic waves, the interaction between them and the broad effects on nature.

scholarly journals On the modeling of planetary plasma environments by a fully kinetic electromagnetic global model HYB-em

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pohjola ◽  
E. Kallio
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Spherical Wave ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Magnetized Plasma ◽  
Electromagnetic Model ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Propagation Of Waves

Abstract. We have developed a fully kinetic electromagnetic model to study instabilities and waves in planetary plasma environments. In the particle-in-a-cell (PIC) model both ions and electrons are modeled as particles. An important feature of the developed global kinetic model, called HYB-em, compared to other electromagnetic codes is that it is built up on an earlier quasi-neutral hybrid simulation platform called HYB and that it can be used in conjunction with earlier hybrid models. The HYB models have been used during the past ten years to study globally the flowing plasma interaction with various Solar System objects: Mercury, Venus, the Moon, Mars, Saturnian moon Titan and asteroids. The new stand-alone fully kinetic model enables us to (1) study the stability of various planetary plasma regions in three-dimensional space, (2) analyze the propagation of waves in a plasma environment derived from the other global HYB models. All particle processes in a multi-ion plasma which are implemented on the HYB platform (e.g. ion-neutral-collisions, chemical processes, particle loss and production processes) are also automatically included in HYB-em model. In this brief report we study the developed approach by analyzing the propagation of high frequency electromagnetic waves in non-magnetized plasma in two cases: We study (1) expansion of a spherical wave generated from a point source and (2) propagation of a plane wave in plasma. The analysis shows that the HYB-em model is capable of describing these space plasma situations successfully. The analysis also suggests the potential of the developed model to study both high density-high magnetic field plasma environments, such as Mercury, and low density-low magnetic field plasma environments, such as Venus and Mars.

A MULTILAYER CONDUCTING EARTH IN THE FIELD OF PLANE WAVES

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
H. W. Dosso
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Plane Waves ◽  
Conducting Medium ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Field ◽  
Thick Layers

A multilayer plane conducting earth in the field of plane electromagnetic waves is treated. Each of several thick layers is divided into a sufficient number of sublayers, with changing conductivity, to represent to a good approximation a continuous change in conductivity. Expressions for the amplitudes and phases of the electric- and magnetic-field components are obtained and evaluated for several different conductivity distributions. The conductivities and frequencies considered are of interest in geophysics. The results obtained indicate that the amplitudes and phases of the varying electromagnetic-field components are affected strongly by the inhomogeneity of the conducting medium.

scholarly journals The numerical simulation on ionospheric perturbations in electric field before large earthquakes

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1487-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Zhao ◽  
X. M. Zhang ◽  
Z. Y. Zhao ◽  
X. H. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Topside Ionosphere ◽  
Ion Density ◽  
Frequency Wave ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Field ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Abstract. Many observational results have shown electromagnetic abnormality in the ionosphere before large earthquakes. The theoretical simulation can help us to understand the internal mechanism of these anomalous electromagnetic signals resulted from seismic regions. In this paper, the horizontal and vertical components of electric and magnetic field at the topside ionosphere are simulated by using the full wave method that is based on an improved transfer matrix method in the lossy anisotropic horizontally stratified ionosphere. Taken account into two earthquakes with electric field perturbations recorded by the DEMETER satellite, the numerical results reveal that the propagation and penetration of ULF (ultra-low-frequency) electromagnetic waves into the ionosphere is related to the spatial distribution of electron and ion densities at different time and locations, in which the ion density has less effect than electron density on the field intensity. Compared with different frequency signals, the minimum values of electric and magnetic field excited by earthquakes can be detected by satellite in current detection capability have also been calculated, and the lower frequency wave can be detected easier.

Analysis of magneto rheological elastomers for energy harvesting systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
Gildas Diguet ◽  
Gael Sebald ◽  
Masami Nakano ◽  
Mickaël Lallart ◽  
Jean-Yves Cavaillé
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Homogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Dc Bias ◽  
Magneto Rheological

Magneto Rheological Elastomers (MREs) are composite materials based on an elastomer filled by magnetic particles. Anisotropic MRE can be easily manufactured by curing the material under homogeneous magnetic field which creates column of particles. The magnetic and elastic properties are actually coupled making these MREs suitable for energy conversion. From these remarkable properties, an energy harvesting device is considered through the application of a DC bias magnetic induction on two MREs as a metal piece is applying an AC shear strain on them. Such strain therefore changes the permeabilities of the elastomers, hence generating an AC magnetic induction which can be converted into AC electrical signal with the help of a coil. The device is simulated with a Finite Element Method software to examine the effect of the MRE parameters, the DC bias magnetic induction and applied shear strain (amplitude and frequency) on the resulting electrical signal.

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