scholarly journals Additional facts respecting the fossil remains of an animal, on the subject of which two papers have been printed in the Philosophical Transactions, showing that the bones of the sternum resemble those of the Ornithorhynchus paradoxus

In an engraving annexed to Sir Everard Home’s first paper upon the above subject, a portion of bone is shown lying upon the scapula, which he considered as a portion of a rib accidentally brought there; but which he now finds to be nearly in its original situation, and is found to resemble nearly the clavicular bone in birds, as far as regards relative position. The bones of the sternum were first pointed out to the author by Mr. Buckland; and their discovery destroys the analogy between this fossil animal and cartilaginous fishes. On comparing the general form of the sternum with that of the Ornithorhynchus paradoxus , a general agreement was discovered between them: they differ in the fossil skeleton having a clavicular bone, which is wanting in the other, and in the Ornithorhynchus having a long process from the scapula, which the fossil bone wants.

1966 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
L. V. EVANS

The distribution of pyrenoids among some orders of the brown algae has been investigated with the electron microscope and a report on their occurrence is given, with particular reference to the results obtained with the light microscope by Simon (1954). Some illustrated detail of the structure of the pyrenoids and of the chromatophores is included. Pyrenoids were found to be present in the representatives examined of the Ectocarpales, Sphacelariales, Scytosiphonales and Dictyosiphonales. Excepting the Sphacelariales, this is in agreement with the results of Simon. Pyrenoids were found to be definitely absent in all members of the Dictyotales and Laminariales examined, and disagreement is expressed with Bouck (1965) who reported their presence in Chorda filum, a member of the latter order. The situation in the Fucales is the subject of another communication elsewhere. The presence or absence of pyrenoids is regarded as an additional taxonomic character of possible phyletic use when more is known. The results are discussed from the standpoint of their possible value in assessing the relative position of the Phaeophyceae as a whole. Brown algal lamellations are composed of three, or occasionally four, parallel thylakoids which do not cohere and are not aggregated into stacks. This is thought to be more primitive than the condition in some of the other groups of the Chromophyta where there is adherence of thylakoids into stacks of two or three members as, for example, in the Haptophyceae, Xanthophyceae and Chrysophyceae. The Phaeophyceae are, however, regarded as much less primitive than the Rhodophyceae, where the widely spaced parallel thylakoids are arranged singly.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 99-112
Author(s):  
Pilar Errázuriz Vidal

En este artículo se propone una reflexión en torno a una cuestión paradojal: por más que en este siglo XXI las acciones políticas de la diversidad sexual han sido muy beneficiosas para erosionar el dogma paterno, como lo asegura el psicoanalista Michel Tort, a la vez han repetido el modelo hegemónico de categorizar, no ya ‘la diferencia sexual’ sino ‘las diferencias sexuales’, asegurando, hoy, diversas identidades que se definen como GLBTTTIQ, haciendo de cada casillero un lugar estanco para el deseo migrante, excéntrico e incoherente. El pensamiento post-moderno asegura la no existencia de “el sujeto” y nos remite a entendernos como una copia de la copia de la copia, de un original que no es. Paralelamente, el deseo que cabalga a ciegas en el riel transferencial de la búsqueda “del objeto” que al fin lo completará, a sabiendas de la castración simbólica que remite a “la falta” y al destino del eterno retorno. Solo que si abrazamos estas “verdades” que nos muestra tanto la filosofía de la postmodernidad como el análisis lacaniano, nuestra andadura sería fantasmática y no conectaría con una realidad socio-política que se impone sin ambigüedad. ¿Cómo conciliar lo uno y lo otro? ¿Son las nuevas clasificaciones, por eficaces que sean para el debilitamiento del sistema, un lugar más de represión, de compromiso y de definición difícil de transgredir? El rompecabezas que hay que dilucidar es cómo asimilar el saber de la postmodernidad sin renunciar a valores de la modernidad, que aunque nos parezcan efímeros y espejísmicos permiten la incidencia en la realidad, sin que nuestra singularidad se sienta traicionera a uno u otro prospecto y que podamos dar un respiro al Ello que busca, lúdicamente, el terreno de lo absurdo de la dinámica deseante. The proposal of this text is a sort of puzzle to be thought. On one hand we have the postmodern knowledge about the death of the subject, though a skeptical agenda for political definition. On the other hand, westill are produced by the modern schoolwhich let us learn about political struggle in order to fight the hegemonic power. Lacan’spsychoanalysis assure that identity is an illusion and that the desire search always, via transfer, an object to be completed, what is impossible because the symbolic castration of the subject. Postmodern philosophy pretend the non existence of the subject, and the total illusory sensation of being, whatgive a perspective which diminish the Egopretensions. How could we be aware of the relative position of an identity and, at the same time, not abandon our group of pairs for political intervention in the reality? The new sexual classification GLBTTTIQ we consider as a battle won against Father’s law. Is it a real liberation or, again, is another way of submit sexuality to a certain and only way of desiring? Could we belong to one of the categories and have the freedom of letting desire be nomadic?


1814 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  

The study of comparative anatomy is not confined to the animals that at present inhabit the earth, but extends to the remains of such as existed in the most remote periods of an­tiquity; among these may be classed the specimen which forms the subject of the present Paper. That the bones of the elephant, rhinoceros, hippopotamus, crocodile, and of many other animals should be met with in a fossil state in this island, in such numbers as to make it ap­pear that at some distant period they were inhabitants of Great Britain, is perhaps one of the most wonderful circumstances that occurs in the history of the earth.


Author(s):  
S.R. Allegra

The respective roles of the ribo somes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and perhaps nucleus in the synthesis and maturation of melanosomes is still the subject of some controversy. While the early melanosomes (premelanosomes) have been frequently demonstrated to originate as Golgi vesicles, it is undeniable that these structures can be formed in cells in which Golgi system is not found. This report was prompted by the findings in an essentially amelanotic human cellular blue nevus (melanocytoma) of two distinct lines of melanocytes one of which was devoid of any trace of Golgi apparatus while the other had normal complement of this organelle.


2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothea E. Schulz

Starting with the controversial esoteric employment of audio recordings by followers of the charismatic Muslim preacher Sharif Haidara in Mali, the article explores the dynamics emerging at the interface of different technologies and techniques employed by those engaging the realm of the Divine. I focus attention on the “border zone” between, on the one hand, techniques for appropriating scriptures based on long-standing religious conventions, and, on the other, audio recording technologies, whose adoption not yet established authoritative and standardized forms of practice, thereby generating insecurities and becoming the subject of heated debate. I argue that “recyclage” aptly describes the dynamics of this “border zone” because it captures the ways conventional techniques of accessing the Divine are reassessed and reemployed, by integrating new materials and rituals. Historically, appropriations of the Qur’an for esoteric purposes have been widespread in Muslim West Africa. These esoteric appropriations are at the basis of the considerable continuities, overlaps and crossovers, between scripture-related esoteric practices on one side, and the treatment by Sharif Haidara’s followers of audio taped sermons as vessels of his spiritual power, on the other.


Author(s):  
Iryna Rusnak

The author of the article analyses the problem of the female emancipation in the little-known feuilleton “Amazonia: A Very Inept Story” (1924) by Mykola Chirsky. The author determines the genre affiliation of the work and examines its compositional structure. Three parts are distinguished in the architectonics of associative feuilleton: associative conception; deployment of a “small” topic; conclusion. The author of the article clarifies the role of intertextual elements and the method of constantly switching the tone from serious to comic to reveal the thematic direction of the work. Mykola Chirsky’s interest in the problem of female emancipation is corresponded to the general mood of the era. The subject of ridicule in provocative feuilleton is the woman’s radical metamorphoses, since repulsive manifestations of emancipation becomes commonplace. At the same time, the writer shows respect for the woman, appreciates her femininity, internal and external beauty, personality. He associates the positive in women with the functions of a faithful wife, a caring mother, and a skilled housewife. In feuilleton, the writer does not bypass the problem of the modern man role in a family, but analyses the value and moral and ethical guidelines of his character. The husband’s bad habits receive a caricatured interpretation in the strange behaviour of relatives. On the one hand, the writer does not perceive the extremes brought by female emancipation, and on the other, he mercilessly criticises the male “virtues” of contemporaries far from the standard. The artistic heritage of Mykola Chirsky remains little studied. The urgent task of modern literary studies is the introduction of Mykola Chirsky’s unknown works into the scientific circulation and their thorough scientific understanding.


Author(s):  
Maxim B. Demchenko ◽  

The sphere of the unknown, supernatural and miraculous is one of the most popular subjects for everyday discussions in Ayodhya – the last of the provinces of the Mughal Empire, which entered the British Raj in 1859, and in the distant past – the space of many legendary and mythological events. Mostly they concern encounters with inhabitants of the “other world” – spirits, ghosts, jinns as well as miraculous healings following magic rituals or meetings with the so-called saints of different religions (Hindu sadhus, Sufi dervishes),with incomprehensible and frightening natural phenomena. According to the author’s observations ideas of the unknown in Avadh are codified and structured in Avadh better than in other parts of India. Local people can clearly define if they witness a bhut or a jinn and whether the disease is caused by some witchcraft or other reasons. Perhaps that is due to the presence in the holy town of a persistent tradition of katha, the public presentation of plots from the Ramayana epic in both the narrative and poetic as well as performative forms. But are the events and phenomena in question a miracle for the Avadhvasis, residents of Ayodhya and its environs, or are they so commonplace that they do not surprise or fascinate? That exactly is the subject of the essay, written on the basis of materials collected by the author in Ayodhya during the period of 2010 – 2019. The author would like to express his appreciation to Mr. Alok Sharma (Faizabad) for his advice and cooperation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Erik Ode

Abstract De-Finition. Poststructuralist Objections to the Limitation of the Other The metaphysic tradition always tried to structure the world by definitions and scientific terms. Since poststructuralist authors like Derrida, Foucault and Deleuze have claimed the ›death of the subject‹ educational research cannot ignore the critical objections to its own methods. Definitions and identifications may be a violation of the other’s right to stay different and undefined. This article tries to discuss the scientific limitations of the other in a pedagogical, ethical and political perspective.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimael Francisco do Nascimento

The general objective of this study is to analyze the postulate of the ethics of otherness as the first philosophy, presented by Emmanuel Levinas. It is a proposal that runs through Levinas' thinking from his theoretical foundations, to his philosophical criticism. Levinas' thought presents itself as a new thought, as a critique of ontology and transcendental philosophy. For him, the concern with knowledge and with being made the other to be forgotten, placing the other in totality. Levinas proposes the ethics of otherness as sensitivity to the other. The subject says here I am, making myself responsible for the other in an infinite way, in a transcendence without return to myself, becoming hostage to the other, as an irrefutable responsibility. The idea of the infinite, present in the face of the other, points to a responsibility whoever more assumes himself, the more one is responsible, until the substitution by other.


2014 ◽  
pp. 104-121
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kułaga

The article is devoted to the subject of the goals of the climate and energy policy of the European Union, which can have both a positive, and a negative impact on the environmental and energy policies. Positive aspects are the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, diversification of energy supplies, which should improve Europe independence from energy imports, and increasing the share of renewable energy sources (RES) in the national energy system structures. On the other hand, overly ambitious targets and actions can lead to large losses for the economies of EU Member States. The article also highlights the realities prevailing in the international arena and noncompliance of international actors with global agreements on climate protection.


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