scholarly journals Kin discrimination and altruism in the larvae of a solitary insect

2006 ◽  
Vol 273 (1599) ◽  
pp. 2381-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lizé ◽  
Dominique Carval ◽  
Anne Marie Cortesero ◽  
Sylvain Fournet ◽  
Denis Poinsot
Keyword(s):  
Kin Discrimination

scholarly journals Kin discrimination promotes horizontal gene transfer between unrelated strains in Bacillus subtilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polonca Stefanic ◽  
Katarina Belcijan ◽  
Barbara Kraigher ◽  
Rok Kostanjšek ◽  
Joseph Nesme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Gene Transfer ◽  
Horizontal Gene Transfer ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Recipient Strain ◽  
Donor Strain ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Donor Cells ◽  
Novel Alleles

AbstractBacillus subtilis is a soil bacterium that is competent for natural transformation. Genetically distinct B. subtilis swarms form a boundary upon encounter, resulting in killing of one of the strains. This process is mediated by a fast-evolving kin discrimination (KD) system consisting of cellular attack and defence mechanisms. Here, we show that these swarm antagonisms promote transformation-mediated horizontal gene transfer between strains of low relatedness. Gene transfer between interacting non-kin strains is largely unidirectional, from killed cells of the donor strain to surviving cells of the recipient strain. It is associated with activation of a stress response mediated by sigma factor SigW in the donor cells, and induction of competence in the recipient strain. More closely related strains, which in theory would experience more efficient recombination due to increased sequence homology, do not upregulate transformation upon encounter. This result indicates that social interactions can override mechanistic barriers to horizontal gene transfer. We hypothesize that KD-mediated competence in response to the encounter of distinct neighbouring strains could maximize the probability of efficient incorporation of novel alleles and genes that have proved to function in a genomically and ecologically similar context.

Kin discrimination in sticklebacks is mediated by social learning rather than innate recognition

Ethology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim G. Frommen ◽  
Corinna Luz ◽  
Theo C. M. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Innate Recognition

scholarly journals Presence of same-sex kin promotes explorative behavior in subadult cichlid fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Vitt ◽  
Iris Madge Pimentel ◽  
Timo Thünken
Keyword(s):  
Kin Recognition ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
West African ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Kin Competition ◽  
Pelvicachromis Taeniatus ◽  
Indirect Fitness ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract While the importance of kin discrimination, that is, kin recognition and subsequent differential treatment of kin and nonkin, is well established for kin-directed cooperation or altruism, the role of kin discrimination in the context of kin competition and kin avoidance is largely unexplored. Theory predicts that individuals avoiding competition with kin should be favored by natural selection due to indirect fitness benefits. Using an experimental approach, we investigated whether the presence of same-sex kin affects avoidance and explorative behavior in subadult Pelvicachromis taeniatus, a West African cichlid fish with strong intrasexual competition in both sexes. Pelvicachromis taeniatus is capable of recognizing kin using phenotype matching and shows kin discrimination in diverse contexts. When exposed to a same-sex conspecific, both males and females tended to interact less with the related opponent. Moreover, individuals explored a novel environment faster after exposure to kin than to nonkin. This effect was more pronounced in females. Individuals avoiding the proximity of same-sex relatives may reduce kin competition over resources such as mating partners or food.

Absence of kin discrimination in a ponerine ant

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rumsais Blatrix ◽  
Pierre Jaisson
Keyword(s):  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Ponerine Ant

scholarly journals Sex-biased dispersal, haplodiploidy and the evolution of helping in social insects

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1729) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufus A. Johnstone ◽  
Michael A. Cant ◽  
Jeremy Field
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Social Insects ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Nest Building ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Sterile Female ◽  
Sex Ratio Bias ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Reproductive Altruism ◽  
Existing Data

In his famous haplodiploidy hypothesis, W. D. Hamilton proposed that high sister–sister relatedness facilitates the evolution of kin-selected reproductive altruism among Hymenopteran females. Subsequent analyses, however, suggested that haplodiploidy cannot promote altruism unless altruists capitalize on relatedness asymmetries by helping to raise offspring whose sex ratio is more female-biased than the population at large. Here, we show that haplodiploidy is in fact more favourable than is diploidy to the evolution of reproductive altruism on the part of females, provided only that dispersal is male-biased (no sex-ratio bias or active kin discrimination is required). The effect is strong, and applies to the evolution both of sterile female helpers and of helping among breeding females. Moreover, a review of existing data suggests that female philopatry and non-local mating are widespread among nest-building Hymenoptera. We thus conclude that Hamilton was correct in his claim that ‘family relationships in the Hymenoptera are potentially very favourable to the evolution of reproductive altruism’.

A nuclease‐toxin and immunity system for kin discrimination inMyxococcus xanthus

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2552-2567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Gong ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Ya Liu ◽  
Xiu‐Wen Zhou ◽  
Mian Nabeel Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kin Discrimination
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