scholarly journals Experimental evidence that kin discrimination in the Seychelles warbler is based on association and not on genetic relatedness

2004 ◽  
Vol 271 (1542) ◽  
pp. 963-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Komdeur ◽  
David S. Richardson ◽  
Terry Burke
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Seychelles Warbler

scholarly journals Explicit experimental evidence for the role of mate guarding in minimizing loss of paternity in the Seychelles warbler

1999 ◽  
Vol 266 (1433) ◽  
pp. 2075-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan. Komdeur ◽  
Femmie. Kraaijeveld-Smit ◽  
Ken. Kraaijeveld ◽  
Pim. Edelaar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Mate Guarding ◽  
Seychelles Warbler

Agonistic Behaviour in Larvae of the Northwestern Salamander (Ambystoma Gracile): the Effects of Kinship, Familiarity and Population Source

Behaviour ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 133 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 965-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Murillo ◽  
Susan C. Walls ◽  
Andrew R. Blaustein ◽  
Charles S. Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Larval Behaviour ◽  
Larval Amphibians ◽  
Differential Behaviour ◽  
Selective Forces ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Population Source

AbstractWe examined whether kinship and familiarity influenced the agonistic behaviour of larvae from three different populations of the Northwestern salamander, Ambystoma gracile. We tested for differential behaviour (1) between individuals within each population; (2) among the three populations; and (3) between non-siblings originating from the same, versus a different, pond. Within each population, larvae failed to discriminate conspecifics based upon either their genetic relatedness or their familiarity. However, individuals from one population displayed significantly more agonistic behaviour than did larvae from the other two populations. Neither familiarity nor the population source of individuals, by themselves, influenced the ability of individuals to discriminate between unrelated larvae from the same, versus a different, pond. Rather, familiarity and pond of origin interacted to alter larval behaviour in a non-additive fashion. This familiarity x pond interaction suggests that, under some conditions, larvae could distinguish between conspecifics from their own, versus a different pond; i.e. larvae significantly reduced acts of aggression and submission toward unrelated individuals from a different pond, but only when they were familiarized. The apparent lack of kin discrimination in A. gracile contrasts with the discriminatory abilities of most other amphibians that have been investigated. Thus, scrutiny of the life history and ecology of this species may provide important clues as to the selective forces operating on the evolution of kin discrimination in larval amphibians.

scholarly journals Does kin discrimination promote cooperation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 20190742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo S. Faria ◽  
Andy Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Evolution Of Cooperation ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Social Partners ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Evolutionary Consequences ◽  
The Impact

Genetic relatedness is a key driver of the evolution of cooperation. One mechanism that may ensure social partners are genetically related is kin discrimination, in which individuals are able to distinguish kin from non-kin and adjust their behaviour accordingly. However, the impact of kin discrimination upon the overall level of cooperation remains obscure. Specifically, while kin discrimination allows an individual to help more-related social partners over less-related social partners, it is unclear whether and how the population average level of cooperation that is evolutionarily favoured should differ under kin discrimination versus indiscriminate social behaviour. Here, we perform a general mathematical analysis in order to assess whether, when and in which direction kin discrimination changes the average level of cooperation in an evolving population. We find that kin discrimination may increase, decrease or leave unchanged the average level of cooperation, depending upon whether the optimal level of cooperation is a convex, concave or linear function of genetic relatedness. We develop an extension of the classic ‘tragedy of the commons' model of cooperation in order to provide an illustration of these results. Our analysis provides a method to guide future research on the evolutionary consequences of kin discrimination.

scholarly journals Kin discrimination via odour in the cooperatively breeding banded mongoose

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 171798 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mitchell ◽  
S. Kyabulima ◽  
R. Businge ◽  
M. A. Cant ◽  
H. J. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Wild Population ◽  
Kin Recognition ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Olfactory Cues ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Phenotype Matching ◽  
Cooperatively Breeding ◽  
Banded Mongoose ◽  
Mungos Mungo

Kin discrimination is often beneficial for group-living animals as it aids in inbreeding avoidance and providing nepotistic help. In mammals, the use of olfactory cues in kin discrimination is widespread and may occur through learning the scents of individuals that are likely to be relatives, or by assessing genetic relatedness directly through assessing odour similarity (phenotype matching). We use scent presentations to investigate these possibilities in a wild population of the banded mongoose Mungos mungo , a cooperative breeder in which inbreeding risk is high and females breed communally, disrupting behavioural cues to kinship. We find that adults show heightened behavioural responses to unfamiliar (extra-group) scents than to familiar (within-group) scents. Interestingly, we found that responses to familiar odours, but not unfamiliar odours, varied with relatedness. This suggests that banded mongooses are either able to use an effective behavioural rule to identify likely relatives from within their group, or that phenotype matching is used in the context of within-group kin recognition but not extra-group kin recognition. In other cooperative breeders, familiarity is used within the group and phenotype matching may be used to identify unfamiliar kin. However, for the banded mongoose this pattern may be reversed, most likely due to their unusual breeding system which disrupts within-group behavioural cues to kinship.

scholarly journals Kinship and familiarity mitigate costs of social conflict between Seychelles warbler neighbors

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (43) ◽  
pp. E9036-E9045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kat Bebbington ◽  
Sjouke A. Kingma ◽  
Eleanor A. Fairfield ◽  
Hannah L. Dugdale ◽  
Jan Komdeur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Social Familiarity ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Seychelles Warbler ◽  
Social Units

Because virtually all organisms compete with others in their social environment, mechanisms that reduce conflict between interacting individuals are crucial for the evolution of stable families, groups, and societies. Here, we tested whether costs of social conflict over territorial space between Seychelles warblers (Acrocephalus sechellensis) are mitigated by kin-selected (genetic relatedness) or mutualistic (social familiarity) mechanisms. By measuring longitudinal changes in individuals’ body mass and telomere length, we demonstrated that the fitness costs of territoriality are driven by a complex interplay between relatedness, familiarity, local density, and sex. Physical fights were less common at territory boundaries shared between related or familiar males. In line with this, male territory owners gained mass when living next to related or familiar males and also showed less telomere attrition when living next to male kin. Importantly, these relationships were strongest in high-density areas of the population. Males also had more rapid telomere attrition when living next to unfamiliar male neighbors, but mainly when relatedness to those neighbors was also low. In contrast, neither kinship nor familiarity was linked to body mass or telomere loss in female territory owners. Our results indicate that resolving conflict over territorial space through kin-selected or mutualistic pathways can reduce both immediate energetic costs and permanent somatic damage, thus providing an important mechanism to explain fine-scale population structure and cooperation between different social units across a broad range of taxa.

scholarly journals Rapid and widespread de novo evolution of kin discrimination

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (29) ◽  
pp. 9076-9081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaya Rendueles ◽  
Peter C. Zee ◽  
Iris Dinkelacker ◽  
Michaela Amherd ◽  
Sébastien Wielgoss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Indirect Evolution ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Natural Isolates ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Ecological Habitat ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Diverse forms of kin discrimination, broadly defined as alteration of social behavior as a function of genetic relatedness among interactants, are common among social organisms from microbes to humans. However, the evolutionary origins and causes of kin-discriminatory behavior remain largely obscure. One form of kin discrimination observed in microbes is the failure of genetically distinct colonies to merge freely upon encounter. Here, we first use natural isolates of the highly social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus to show that colony-merger incompatibilities can be strong barriers to social interaction, particularly by reducing chimerism in multicellular fruiting bodies that develop near colony-territory borders. We then use experimental laboratory populations to test hypotheses regarding the evolutionary origins of kin discrimination. We show that the generic process of adaptation, irrespective of selective environment, is sufficient to repeatedly generate kin-discriminatory behaviors between evolved populations and their common ancestor. Further, we find that kin discrimination pervasively evolves indirectly between allopatric replicate populations that adapt to the same ecological habitat and that this occurs generically in many distinct habitats. Patterns of interpopulation discrimination imply that kin discrimination phenotypes evolved via many diverse genetic mechanisms and mutation-accumulation patterns support this inference. Strong incompatibility phenotypes emerged abruptly in some populations but strengthened gradually in others. The indirect evolution of kin discrimination in an asexual microbe is analogous to the indirect evolution of reproductive incompatibility in sexual eukaryotes and linguistic incompatibility among human cultures, the commonality being indirect, noncoordinated divergence of complex systems evolving in isolation.

scholarly journals Size-dependent tradeoffs in aggressive behavior towards kin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Fouilloux ◽  
Lutz Fromhage ◽  
Janne K. Valkonen ◽  
Bibiana Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Inclusive Fitness ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Kin Discrimination ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Primary Motivation ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Physical Traits ◽  
Half Sibling

AbstractAggression between juveniles can be unexpected, as their primary motivation is to survive until their reproductive stage. However, instances of aggression, which may escalate to cannibalism, can be vital for survival, although the factors (e.g. genetic or environmental) leading to cannibalism vary across taxa. While cannibalism can greatly accelerate individual growth, it may also reduce inclusive fitness when kin are consumed. As a solution to this problem, some cannibals demonstrate kin discrimination and preferentially attack unrelated individuals. Here, we used both experimental and modeling approaches to consider how physical traits (e.g. size in relation to opponent) and genetic relatedness mediate aggressive behavior in dyads of cannibalistic Dendrobates tinctorius tadpoles. We paired sibling, half-sibling, and non-sibling tadpoles of different sizes together in an arena and recorded their aggression and activity. We found that the interaction between size and relatedness predicts aggressive behavior: large non-siblings are significantly more aggressive than large siblings. Unexpectedly, although siblings tended to attack less overall, in size mismatched pairs they attacked faster than in non-sibling treatments. Ultimately, it appears that larval aggression reflects a balance between relatedness and size where individuals trade-off their own fitness with that of their relatives.

scholarly journals Experimental evidence for innate predator recognition in the Seychelles warbler

2000 ◽  
Vol 267 (1459) ◽  
pp. 2253-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thor Veen ◽  
David S. Richardson ◽  
Karen Blaakmeer ◽  
Jan Komdeur
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Predator Recognition ◽  
Seychelles Warbler ◽  
Innate Predator Recognition
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