scholarly journals Recent habitat fragmentation caused by major roads leads to reduction of gene flow and loss of genetic variability in ground beetles

2003 ◽  
Vol 270 (1513) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Keller ◽  
Carlo R. Largiadèr
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ground Beetles

scholarly journals Genetic structure and gene flow of Eugenia dysenterica natural populations

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 975-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Imaculada Zucchi ◽  
José Baldin Pinheiro ◽  
Lázaro José Chaves ◽  
Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho ◽  
Mansuêmia Alves Couto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Jaccard Similarity ◽  
Eugenia Dysenterica

This study was carried out to assess the genetic variability of ten "cagaita" tree (Eugenia dysenterica) populations in Southeastern Goiás. Fifty-four randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) loci were used to characterize the population genetic variability, using the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). A phiST value of 0.2703 was obtained, showing that 27.03% and 72.97% of the genetic variability is present among and within populations, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) among the genetic distances matrix (1 - Jaccard similarity index) and the geographic distances were estimated, and a strong positive correlation was detected. Results suggest that these populations are differentiating through a stochastic process, with restricted and geographic distribution dependent gene flow.

Genetic Differentiation in Isolated Populations of Hakea carinata (Proteaceae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Starr ◽  
S. M. Carthew
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Evolutionary Condition ◽  
Private Alleles

Fragmentation of the landscape by human activity has created small, isolated plant populations. Hakea carinata F. Muell. ex Meissner, a sclerophyllous shrub, is common in isolated fragments of vegetation in South Australia. This study investigated whether habitat fragmentation has caused restrictions to gene flow between populations. Gene diversity (HT = 0.317) is average for similar species but little is held within populations (HS = 0.168) and 46.9% of gene diversity is accounted for between populations. Estimates of gene flow are NM = 0.270 (based on FST) and NM = 0.129 (based on private alleles). Populations are substantially selfing (t = 0.111). Small isolated populations appears to be a long-term evolutionary condition in this species rather than a consequence of habitat fragmentation; however, population extinctions are occurring. Conservation will require the reservation of many populations to represent the genetic variation present in the species.

Effects of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity and gene flow among theHomidia socia(Collembola: Entomobryidae) populations in the Thousand Island Lake

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Kun Lv ◽  
Ji‐Rui Wang ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Jian‐Qiang Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation

Influence of Habitat Fragmentation on the Genetic Variability in Leaf Litter Ant Populations in Tropical Rainforests of Sabah, Borneo

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias O. Bickel ◽  
Carsten A. Brühl ◽  
Jürgen R. Gadau ◽  
Bert Hölldobler ◽  
K. Eduard Linsenmair
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Tropical Rainforests

Invited Minireview: Restoring Demographic Processes in Translocated Populations: The Case of Collared Lizards in the Missouri Ozarks Using Prescribed Forest Fires

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Templeton ◽  
Jennifer L. Neuwald ◽  
Hilary Brazeal ◽  
R. James Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Local Extinction ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Fire Scar ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Collared Lizard ◽  
Rocky Habitats

Habitat fragmentation is one of the more important contributors to species endangerment, but one form of fragmentation, here called dispersal fragmentation, can often go unobserved for many years after it has occurred. Many species live in naturally fragmented habitats, but the local populations are interconnected genetically and demographically by dispersal through the environmental matrix in which the habitats are embedded. Because of dispersal, the local populations are not truly fragmented evolutionarily or ecologically. However, when human activities alter the environmental matrix such that dispersal is no longer possible, the population does indeed become fragmented even though they initially are present in the same habitats. An example of dispersal fragmentation via an altered environmental matrix is provided by the eastern collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris collaris). This lizard lives on open, rocky habitats, called glades, that are embedded in the forests of the Ozarks, a highland region located primarily in Missouri and Arkansas in the USA. Forest fire suppression has reduced this habitat, resulting in severe habitat fragmentation, disruption of gene flow, loss of genetic variation within glade populations, and local extinction without recolonization. Beginning in 1982, glade habitats were restored by clearing and burning in the Peck Ranch area of the Missouri Ozarks, a region where the lizards had gone extinct. Starting in 1984, lizard populations were translocated from other Missouri glades onto restored glades at the Peck Ranch. Although these translocated populations survived well on the restored glades, no movement was detected between glades, some just 50 m apart, and no colonization of nearby restored glades, some just 60 m away, occurred between 1984 and 1993. Fragmentation, lack of colonization, no gene flow, and loss of genetic variation still persisted despite translocation reversing some of the local extinction. Fire scar data from trees and tree stumps indicated that forest fires were common in this area prior to European settlement, so in 1994 a new management policy of prescribed burning of both the glades and their forest matrix was initiated. Once the forest had been burned, the lizards could disperse kilometers through the forest, thereby reestablishing the processes of dispersal, gene flow, colonization, and local extinction followed by recolonization. This resulted in a dramatic increase in population size and inhabited area. By incorporating a landscape perspective into the management strategy, the eastern collared lizard has been successfully reestablished in a region of historic extirpation.

scholarly journals Population Structure, Genetic Variability, and Gene Flow of the Bean Leaf Beetle,Cerotoma trifurcata, in the Midwestern United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Bamphitlhi Tiroesele ◽  
Steven R. Skoda ◽  
Thomas E. Hunt ◽  
Donald J. Lee ◽  
Jaime Molina-Ochoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Cerotoma Trifurcata ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Bean Leaf Beetle
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