Addendum for Vehrencamp, Is song-type matching a conventional signal of aggressive intentions?

2001 ◽  
Vol 268 (1485) ◽  
pp. 2618-2618
Author(s):  
S. L. Vehrencamp
Keyword(s):  
Song Type ◽  
Conventional Signal

Identification of the State of a Magneto-Fluidized Bed by Pressure Fluctuations

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Dahikar ◽  
Ram Sonolikar
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Spectral Density Function ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Instantaneous Pressure ◽  
Conventional Signal ◽  
Mutual Information Function

Local instantaneous pressure signals obtained through a magneto-fluidized bed have been analyzed using both classical and advanced signal analysis methods, which can deliver the necessary information about the presence of the bubbling and turbulent flow pattern. The conventional signal processing tool such as autocorrelation and cross correlation were used as preliminary tools to analyze the data. Evaluation of the dominant bubble frequency was completed using the autocorrelation function and power spectral density function. Mutual information function was used to identify the periodicity and the predictability of the local instantaneous pressure signals. Since it does not demand any particular functional relationships between the data points, it is a better method (compared to autocorrelation function) for measuring the predictability of nonlinear systems.

Regulated secretion of glycosylated human ferritin from hepatocytes

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 2369-2376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Ghosh ◽  
Sarah Hevi ◽  
Steven L. Chuck
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Light Chains ◽  
Intracellular Iron ◽  
Paracrine Effects ◽  
Human Ferritin ◽  
Conventional Signal

Abstract Serum ferritin has been used widely in clinical medicine chiefly as an indicator of iron stores and inflammation. Circulating ferritin also can have paracrine effects. Despite the clinical significance of serum ferritin, its secretion remains an enigma. The consensus view is that serum ferritin arises from tissue ferritins— principally ferritin light—which can be glycosylated. Ferritin heavy and light chains are cytosolic proteins that form cages of 24 subunits to store intracellular iron. We show that ferritin light is secreted when its expression is increased in stable, transfected HepG2 cells or adenovirus-infected HepG2 cells. Export occurs through the classical secretory pathway and some chains are N-glycosylated. Ferritins do not need to form cages prior to secretion. Secretion is blocked specifically, effectively, and rapidly by a factor in serum. The timing of this inhibition of ferritin secretion suggests that normally cytosolic ferritin L is targeted to the secretory pathway during translation despite the absence of a conventional signal sequence. Thus, secretion of glycosylated and unglycosylated ferritin is a regulated and not a stochastic process.

Non-conventional signal transduction by type 1 interferons: The NF-κB pathway

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyun Du ◽  
Lai Wei ◽  
Aruna Murti ◽  
Susan R. Pfeffer ◽  
Meiyun Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Conventional Signal ◽  
Type 1 Interferons

Correction for nonlinearity of body flow plethysmograph

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 658-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harf ◽  
G. Atlan ◽  
H. Lorino ◽  
S. Deshayes ◽  
C. Morin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Wire Screen ◽  
Inertial Component ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Degree Equation ◽  
Drop Flow ◽  
Conventional Signal ◽  
Flow Element

A modification of conventional signal processing for the pressure-compensated flow plethysmograph is proposed to correct the nonlinearity of the flow element that appears for high flows as encountered during forced expiration. Woven screens behave as porous media with a viscous and an inertial component in the resistance; this explains the nonlinearity (23% at 15.1.s-1 with a 400-mesh wire screen area = 50 cm2). It was shown that the pressure drop-flow relationship can be described by a second-degree equation, which can be included in the computation of the thoracic signal from the box pressure. The need for such a correction is evidenced by testing the plethysmograph with a flow step input (0-15 l.s-1) equivalent both in amplitude and in frequency to the thoracic flow during a forced expiration. Such correction for nonlinearity avoids an overestimation of the thoracic forced vital capacity of up to 0.5 liter in normal subjects.

scholarly journals The Duet Code of the Female Black-Bellied Wren

The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Logue
Keyword(s):  
Animal Communication ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Song Type ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Female Response ◽  
Male Song ◽  
Vocal Responses ◽  
Vocal Signals ◽  
Behavioral Mechanisms ◽  
Song Types

Abstract In many duet-singing songbirds, paired birds combine their song types nonrandomly to form duet songs. Several different behavioral mechanisms could generate nonrandom song type associations in duets. I tested female Black-bellied Wrens (Thryothorus fasciatoventris) for one such mechanism: adherence to a set of rules linking female response songs to male stimulus songs. I call this set of rules a “duet code.” Duets of free-living Black-bellied Wrens were recorded in 2001 and 2002. In 2003 I returned to the same territories and played the male song types from the recorded duets. Females answered male song stimuli as if duetting with the playback speaker. Although the known repertoires of females averaged 8.4 song types, each female sang only a single song type in response to each male song type. Random answering could not account for this pattern, supporting the hypothesis that females abide by duet codes. Females that were still paired with their mates from 2001–2002 answered 100% of their mate's songs with the same song types they had used previously, demonstrating that codes are stable over time. In contrast, females that were new to a territory answered an average of only 18% of their mate's song types with the same song type as the previous female, indicating that duet codes are individually distinctive. Duet participation by female Black-bellied Wrens represents a special kind of animal communication, in which discrete vocal signals consistently elicit discrete vocal responses according to an individually distinctive set of rules.

Assessing the similarity of song-type transitions among birds: evidence for interspecies variation

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Hedley ◽  
David M. Logue ◽  
Lauryn Benedict ◽  
Daniel J. Mennill
Keyword(s):  
Song Type ◽  
Interspecies Variation

scholarly journals Deceptive vocal duets and multimodal display in a songbird

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1864) ◽  
pp. 20171774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Ręk ◽  
Robert D. Magrath
Keyword(s):  
Group Living ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Song Type ◽  
Visual Displays ◽  
Visual Component ◽  
Song Types ◽  
Multimodal Signalling ◽  
Australian Magpie ◽  
Vocal Duets

Many group-living animals cooperatively signal to defend resources, but what stops deceptive signalling to competitors about coalition strength? Cooperative-signalling species include mated pairs of birds that sing duets to defend their territory. Individuals of these species sometimes sing ‘pseudo-duets’ by mimicking their partner's contribution, but it is unknown if these songs are deceptive, or why duets are normally reliable. We studied pseudo-duets in Australian magpie-larks, Grallina cyanoleuca , and tested whether multimodal signalling constrains deception. Magpie-larks give antiphonal duets coordinated with a visual display, with each sex typically choosing a different song type within the duet. Individuals produced pseudo-duets almost exclusively during nesting when partners were apart, but the two song types were used in sequence rather than antiphonally. Strikingly, birds hid and gave no visual displays, implying deceptive suppression of information. Acoustic playbacks showed that pseudo-duets provoked the same response from residents as true duets, regardless of whether they were sequential or antiphonal, and stronger response than that to true duets consisting of a single song type. By contrast, experiments with robot models showed that songs accompanied by movements of two birds prompted stronger responses than songs accompanied by movements of one bird, irrespective of the number of song types or singers. We conclude that magpie-larks used deceptive pseudo-duets when partners were apart, and suppressed the visual display to maintain the subterfuge. We suggest that the visual component of many species' duets provides the most reliable information about the number of signallers and may have evolved to maintain honesty in duet communication.

Macrogeographic variation in the song of the Mourning Warbler (Oporornis philadelphia)

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1027-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pitocchelli
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Song Type ◽  
Clinal Variation ◽  
Breeding Range ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
Song Divergence ◽  
Regional Dialect ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Northern Alberta

Studies of macrogeographic variation in birdsong involve populations incapable of interbreeding because of physical barriers or separation by large distances. Different patterns have emerged from these studies such as (i) little or no variation exists among individuals or populations from the breeding range, (ii) individual variation is greater than among population variation resulting in no geographic structure, (iii) clinal variation, and (iv) macrogeographic variation where all individuals from several populations on the breeding range share a common song type forming a regional dialect or regiolect. I studied macrogeographic variation in song of the Mourning Warbler ( Oporornis philadelphia (A. Wilson, 1810)). The observed pattern was similar to the fourth category of geographic variation with regiolects. A Western regiolect extended from northern Alberta to western Ontario. An Eastern regiolect stretched eastward from western Ontario and Wisconsin to the Gaspé Peninsula and New England, then southward through the Appalachians to West Virginia. Nova Scotia and Newfoundland each had unique regiolects. Finally, I compared these results to other species with regiolects and assessed the ability of some deterministic hypotheses to explain song divergence (e.g., role of morphology, physical barriers, island isolation).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document