Do electromagnetic waves harbour gravitational waves?

2006 ◽  
Vol 462 (2071) ◽  
pp. 1987-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Bramson
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Electric Dipole ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Maxwell Theory ◽  
Flat Spacetime

In linearized, Einstein–Maxwell theory on flat spacetime, an oscillating electric dipole is the source of a spin-2 field. Within this approximation to general relativity, it is shown that electromagnetic waves harbour gravitational waves.

scholarly journals Observation of gravitational waves by light polarization

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Park ◽  
Dong-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Geometrical Optics ◽  
Light Polarization ◽  
Stokes Parameters ◽  
Phase Amplitude

AbstractWe provide analysis to determine the effects of gravitational waves on electromagnetic waves, using perturbation theory in general relativity. Our analysis is performed in a completely covariant manner without invoking any coordinates. For a given observer, using the geometrical-optics approach, we work out the perturbations of the phase, amplitude, frequency and polarization properties–axes of ellipse and ellipticity of light, due to gravitational waves. With regard to the observation of gravitational waves, we discuss the measurement of Stokes parameters, through which the antenna patterns are presented to show the detectability of the gravitational wave signals.

Gravitational waves, energy and Feynman’s “sticky bead”

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (27) ◽  
pp. 1550143 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. I. Cooperstock
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Cosmological Term ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Energy Expression ◽  
Energy Issue ◽  
Spacetime Curvature

It is noted that in the broader sense, gravitational waves viewed as spacetime curvature which necessarily accompanies electromagnetic waves at the speed of light, are the routine perception of our everyday experience. We focus on the energy issue and Feynman’s “sticky bead” argument which has been regarded as central in supporting the conclusion that gravitational waves carry energy through the vacuum in general relativity. We discuss the essential neglected aspects of his approach which leads to the conclusion that gravitational waves would not cause Feynman’s bead to heat the stick on which it would supposedly rub. This opens the way to an examination of the entire issue of energy in general relativity. We briefly discuss our naturally-defined totally invariant spacetime energy expression for general relativity incorporating the contribution from gravity. When the cosmological term is included in the field equations, our energy expression includes the vacuum energy as required.

Gravitational waves and the radiative field

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Deruelle ◽  
Jean-Philippe Uzan
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
General Solution ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Gravitational Radiation ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
Maxwell Theory

This chapter turns to the gravitational radiation produced by a system of massive objects. The discussion is confined to the linear approximation of general relativity, which is compared with the Maxwell theory of electromagnetism. In the first part of the chapter, the properties of gravitational waves, which are the general solution of the linearized vacuum Einstein equations, are studied. Next, it relates these waves to the energy–momentum tensor of the sources creating them. The chapter then turns to the ‘first quadrupole formula’, giving the gravitational radiation field of these sources when their motion is due to forces other than the gravitational force.

Cosmic Ripples

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Nicholas Mee
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Laser Interferometer

Gravitational waves generated by violent collisions in the distant universe were recently discovered by the LIGO detector. Gravitational waves were predicted by Einstein’s theory of general relativity and are the gravitational equivalent of electromagnetic waves. Because gravity is so much weaker than electromagnetism, only the most violent cosmic events such as black hole mergers produce waves that could conceivably be detected. LIGO is an incredibly sensitive laser interferometer.

scholarly journals The Ether Theory Unifying the Relativistic Gravito-Electromagnetism Including also the Gravitons and the Gravitational Waves

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
David Zareski
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Neutral Point ◽  
Fundamental Tensor ◽  
Ether Theory ◽  
Schwarzschild Horizon ◽  
Einstein’S General Relativity

In previous publications, we showed that Maxwell’s equations are an approximation to those of General Relativity when V<<c, where V is the velocity of the particle submitted to the electromagnetic field. This was demonstrated by showing that the Lienard-Wiechert potential four-vector A_u created by an electric charge is the equivalent of the gravitational four-vector G_u created by a massive neutral point when V<<c. In the present paper, we generalize these results for V non-restricted to be small. To this purpose, we show first that the exact Lagrange-Einstein function of an electric charge q submitted to the field due an immobile charge q_0 is of the same form as that of a particle of mass m submitted to the field created by an immobile particle of mass m_0. Maxwell’s electrostatics is then generalized as a case of the Einstein’s general relativity. In particular, it appears that an immobile q_0 creates also an electromagnetic horizon that behaves like a Schwarzschild horizon. Then, there exist ether gravitational waves constituted by gravitons in the same way as the electromagnetic waves are constituted by photons. Now, since A_u and G_u, are equivalent, and as we show, G_u produces the approximation, for V<<c, of g_u4 created by m_0 mobile, where the g_uv  are the components of Einstein’s fundamental tensor, it follows that A_u+u_u produces the approximation, for V<<c, of Bet_u4 , where the Bet_uv created by m_0 and by q_0, generalize the g_uv.

scholarly journals The structure of the curvature tensor of plane gravitational waves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2081 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
O V Babourova ◽  
B N Frolov ◽  
M S Khetzeva ◽  
D V Kushnir
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Curvature Tensor ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Riemann Space ◽  
Lie Derivative ◽  
Invariance Group ◽  
Wave Curvature ◽  
Plane Gravitational Waves

Abstract Plane gravitational waves in the Riemann space of General Relativity is considered. The criterion of plane gravitational waves is used based on the analogy between plane gravitational and electromagnetic waves. The Theorem is proved that the action of the Lie derivative on the plane wave curvature 2-form in the direction of the vector generating the invariance group of this wave in the Riemann space is equal to zero. It is justified that the gravitational waves can be used to transmit information in the Riemann space.

scholarly journals COLLISION OF HIGH FREQUENCY PLANE GRAVITATIONAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (08) ◽  
pp. 1459-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. HOGAN ◽  
D. M. WALSH
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Geometrical Optics ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Maxwell Theory ◽  
Polarized Waves ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Plane Gravitational Waves

We study the head-on collision of linearly polarized, high frequency plane gravitational waves and their electromagnetic counterparts in the Einstein–Maxwell theory. The post-collision space-times are obtained by solving the vacuum Einstein and Einstein–Maxwell field equations in the geometrical optics approximation. The head-on collisions of all possible pairs of these systems of waves is described and the results are then generalized to nonlinearly polarized waves which exhibit the maximum two degrees of freedom of polarization.

Beyond the Schwarzschild Metric

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wittman
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Test Particle ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Relativistic Effects ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
General Relativistic ◽  
The Universe

General relativity explains much more than the spacetime around static spherical masses.We briefly assess general relativity in the larger context of physical theories, then explore various general relativistic effects that have no Newtonian analog. First, source massmotion gives rise to gravitomagnetic effects on test particles.These effects also depend on the velocity of the test particle, which has substantial implications for orbits around black holes to be further explored in Chapter 20. Second, any changes in the sourcemass ripple outward as gravitational waves, and we tell the century‐long story from the prediction of gravitational waves to their first direct detection in 2015. Third, the deflection of light by galaxies and clusters of galaxies allows us to map the amount and distribution of mass in the universe in astonishing detail. Finally, general relativity enables modeling the universe as a whole, and we explore the resulting Big Bang cosmology.

Gravity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Hartle
Keyword(s):  
Black Holes ◽  
General Relativity ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Physics First ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Curriculum Making

Einstein's theory of general relativity is a cornerstone of modern physics. It also touches upon a wealth of topics that students find fascinating – black holes, warped spacetime, gravitational waves, and cosmology. Now reissued by Cambridge University Press, this ground-breaking text helped to bring general relativity into the undergraduate curriculum, making it accessible to virtually all physics majors. One of the pioneers of the 'physics-first' approach to the subject, renowned relativist James B. Hartle, recognized that there is typically not enough time in a short introductory course for the traditional, mathematics-first, approach. In this text, he provides a fluent and accessible physics-first introduction to general relativity that begins with the essential physical applications and uses a minimum of new mathematics. This market-leading text is ideal for a one-semester course for undergraduates, with only introductory mechanics as a prerequisite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document