scholarly journals A new large-bodied Pliocene seal with unusual cutting teeth

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 201591
Author(s):  
James P. Rule ◽  
Justin W. Adams ◽  
Douglass S. Rovinsky ◽  
David P. Hocking ◽  
Alistair R. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
The North ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The North Atlantic

Today, monachine seals display the largest body sizes in pinnipeds. However, the evolution of larger body sizes has been difficult to assess due to the murky taxonomic status of fossil seals, including fossils referred to Callophoca obscura , a species thought to be present on both sides of the North Atlantic during the Neogene. Several studies have recently called into question the taxonomic validity of these fossils, especially those from the USA, as the fragmentary lectotype specimen from Belgium is of dubious diagnostic value. We find that the lectotype isolated humerus of C. obscura is too uninformative; thus, we designate C. obscura as a nomen dubium. More complete cranial and postcranial specimens from the Pliocene Yorktown Formation are described as a new taxon, Sarcodectes magnus . The cranial specimens display adaptations towards an enhanced ability to cut or chew prey that are unique within Phocidae, and estimates indicate S. magnus to be around 2.83 m in length. A parsimony phylogenetic analysis found S. magnus is a crown monachine. An ancestral state estimation of body length indicates that monachines did not have a remarkable size increase until the evolution of the lobodontins and miroungins.

Review of Sarcotretes Jungersen, 1911 (Copepoda: Pennellidae) from midwater and demersal fishes in the north Atlantic Ocean

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1371-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Hogans
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Type Species ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Demersal Fishes

The genus Sarcotretes, parasitic copepods from midwater and demersal fishes in the Atlantic Ocean, is reviewed. The taxonomic status of the six nominal species is discussed. Two species, S. scopeli, from midwater fishes, and S. eristaliformis, from demersal fishes, are tentatively considered valid members of the genus. The remaining species (S. inflexus, S. lobatus, S. gempyli, and S. nodicornis) are probable synonyms of the type species, S. scopeli. A detailed description of S. scopeli from six midwater host species is presented.

The Business of Transatlantic Migration between Europe and the USA, 1900–1914

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
DREW KEELING
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Population Transfer ◽  
Migration Process ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The North Atlantic

The relocation of Europeans across the North Atlantic during the first decade and a half of the twentieth century was the culmination of the longest-lived and most widely documented transoceanic migration of modern times. This enormous population transfer was a great human drama, a major international demographic shift, and a massive historical experiment in cultural transformation during a period of unprecedented globalization. This migration was also a complex and powerful travel business containing both risks and rewards for its three fundamental participants: the movers, the moved, and the sovereign authorities on either side of the borders being traversed. Prior studies have not adequately explained this business nor appreciated the extent to which the various strategies for dealing with its associated risks were crucial, largely congruent, and self-reinforcing elements of the overall migration process.

A monograph of the calcareous sponges (Porifera, Calcarea) of Greenland

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 1395-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Tore Rapp
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
New Records ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Calcareous Sponges ◽  
The North ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic

Greenland has more than 200 years of history of studies of the sponge fauna and is the type locality for a number of species. Many of these have not been encountered since, and as the type material has been hard to find or even lost, their taxonomic status has remained uncertain. In this study all species of calcareous sponges previously reported from Greenland are reviewed. The revision is based predominantly on new or unidentified material collected during various expeditions, but also on material used by previous authors. This includes samples from all coasts of Greenland, from the southernmost Kap Farvel area to Peary Land on the northern coast, some of the northernmost records of calcareous sponges ever. Greenland is a transition zone between the western and eastern Atlantic boreal calcareous sponge faunas, being home to species from both sides of the North Atlantic combined with some true Arctic species. There is also a strong link between the Canadian and Greenlandic sponge faunas. Twenty-eight species have been identified, from which six are new to Greenland and one is new to science. New records for Greenland are: Clathrina arnesenae (Rapp, 2006); Clathrina camura (Rapp, 2006); Clathrina pellucida (Rapp, 2006); Sycon abyssale Borojevic & Graat-Kleeton, 1965; Leucandra valida Lambe, 1900; and Sycettusa thompsoni (Lambe, 1900). Clathrina tendali sp. nov. has been described from western Greenland and Leucosolenia corallorrhiza (Haeckel, 1872) and Leucandra penicillata (Schmidt, 1869) have been resurrected. Keys for identification of higher taxa and the different species of Greenlandic Calcarea are provided.

The Currents of the North Atlantic

1892 ◽  
Vol 34 (872supp) ◽  
pp. 13940-13941
Author(s):  
Richard Beynon
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

NATO adaptation to current challenges and mechanisms of Ukraine’s cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Oleh Poshedin
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Response Force ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Joint Force ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Area Of Influence

The purpose of the article is to describe the changes NATO undergoing in response to the challenges of our time. Today NATO, as a key element of European and Euro-Atlantic security, is adapting to changes in the modern security environment by increasing its readiness and ability to respond to any threat. Adaptation measures include the components required to ensure that the Alliance can fully address the security challenges it might face. Responsiveness NATO Response Force enhanced by developing force packages that are able to move rapidly and respond to potential challenges and threats. As part of it, was established a Very High Readiness Joint Task Force, a new Allied joint force that deploy within a few days to respond to challenges that arise, particularly at the periphery of NATO’s territory. NATO emphasizes, that cyber defence is part of NATO’s core task of collective defence. A decision as to when a cyber attack would lead to the invocation of Article 5 would be taken by the North Atlantic Council on a case-by-case basis. Cooperation with NATO already contributes to the implementation of national security and defense in state policy. At the same time, taking into account that all decision-making in NATO based on consensus, Ukraine’s membership in the Alliance quite vague perspective. In such circumstances, in Ukraine you often can hear the idea of announcement of a neutral status. It is worth reminding that non-aligned status did not save Ukraine from Russian aggression. Neutral status will not accomplish it either. All talks about neutrality and the impossibility of Ukraine joining NATO are nothing but manipulations, as well as recognition of the Ukrainian territory as Russian Federation area of influence (this country seeks to sabotage the Euro-Atlantic movement of Ukraine). Think about it, Moldova’s Neutrality is enshrined in the country’s Constitution since 1994. However, this did not help Moldova to restore its territorial integrity and to force Russia to withdraw its troops and armaments from Transnistria.

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