scholarly journals The smallest known Devonian tetrapod shows unexpectedly derived features

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 192117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per E. Ahlberg ◽  
Jennifer A. Clack
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Posterior Process ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Synchrotron Microtomography

A new genus and species of Devonian tetrapod, Brittagnathus minutus gen. et sp. nov., is described from a single complete right lower jaw ramus recovered from the Acanthostega mass-death deposit in the upper part of the Britta Dal Formation (upper Famennian) of Stensiö Bjerg, Gauss Peninsula, East Greenland. Visualization by propagation phase contrast synchrotron microtomography allows a complete digital dissection of the specimen. With a total jaw ramus length of 44.8 mm, Brittagnathus is by far the smallest Devonian tetrapod described to date. It differs from all previously known Devonian tetrapods in having only a fang pair without a tooth row on the anterior coronoid and a large posterior process on the posterior coronoid. The presence of an incipient surangular crest and a concave prearticular margin to the adductor fossa together cause the fossa to face somewhat mesially, reminiscent of the condition in Carboniferous tetrapods. A phylogenetic analysis places Brittagnathus crownward to other Devonian tetrapods, adjacent to the Tournaisian genus Pederpes . Together with other recent discoveries, it suggests that diversification of ‘Carboniferous-grade’ tetrapods had already begun before the end of the Devonian and that the group was not greatly affected by the end-Devonian mass extinction.

Description and Phylogenetic Analysis of Iberostomata fombuenensis New Genus and Species (Bryozoa, Ptilodictyina)

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Jiménez-Sánchez ◽  
Robert L. Anstey ◽  
Beatriz Azanza
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species

scholarly journals A new genus and species of eomysticetid (Cetacea: Mysticeti) and a reinterpretation of ‘Mauicetus’ lophocephalus Marples, 1956: transitional baleen whales from the upper Oligocene of New Zealand

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Boessenecker ◽  
R. Ewan Fordyce
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Thoracic Vertebrae ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Baleen Whales ◽  
Upper Oligocene ◽  
Lunge Feeding

The early evolution of toothless baleen whales (Chaeomysticeti) remains elusive despite a robust record of Eocene-Oligocene archaeocetes and toothed mysticetes. Eomysticetids, a group of archaic longirostrine and putatively toothless baleen whales fill in a crucial morphological gap between well-known toothed mysticetes and more crownward Neogene Mysticeti. A historically important but perplexing cetacean is “Mauicetus” lophocephalus (upper Oligocene South Island, New Zealand). The discovery of new skulls and skeletons of eomysticetids from the Oligocene Kokoamu Greensand and Otekaike Limestone permit a redescription and modern reinterpretation of “Mauicetus” lophocephalus, and indicating that this species may have retained adult teeth. A new genus and species, Tokarahia kauaeroa, is erected on the basis of a well-preserved subadult to adult skull with mandibles, tympanoperiotics, and cervical and thoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum, and forelimbs from the Otekaike Limestone (>25.2 Ma). “Mauicetus” lophocephalus is relatively similar and recombined as Tokarahia lophocephalus. Phylogenetic analysis supports inclusion of Tokarahia within the Eomysticetidae alongside Eomysticetus, Micromysticetus, Yamatocetus, and Tohoraata, and strongly supports monophyly of Eomysticetidae. Tokarahia lacked extreme rostral kinesis of extant Mysticeti and primitively retained a delicate archaeocete-like posterior mandible and synovial temporomandibular joint, suggesting that Tokarahia was capable of at most, limited lunge feeding in contrast to extant Balaenopteridae, and utilized an alternative as-yet unspecified feeding strategy.

scholarly journals Ferrodraco lentoni gen. et sp. nov., a new ornithocheirid pterosaur from the Winton Formation (Cenomanian–lower Turonian) of Queensland, Australia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele H. Pentland ◽  
Stephen F. Poropat ◽  
Travis R. Tischler ◽  
Trish Sloan ◽  
Robert A. Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mandibular Tooth

Abstract The Australian pterosaur record is poor by world standards, comprising fewer than 20 fragmentary specimens. Herein, we describe the new genus and species Ferrodraco lentoni gen. et sp. nov., based on the most complete pterosaur specimen ever found in Australia, and the first reported from the Winton Formation (Cenomanian–lower Turonian). The presence of premaxillary and mandibular crests, and spike-shaped teeth with subcircular bases, enable Ferrodraco to be referred to Anhangueria. Ferrodraco can be distinguished from all other anhanguerian pterosaurs based on two dental characters: the first premaxillary and mandibular tooth pairs are small; and the fourth–seventh tooth pairs are smaller than the third and eighth ones. Ferrodraco was included in a phylogenetic analysis of Pterosauria and resolved as the sister taxon to Mythunga camara (upper Albian Toolebuc Formation, Australia), with that clade occupying the most derived position within Ornithocheiridae. Ornithocheirus simus (Albian Cambridge Greensand, England), Coloborhynchus clavirostris (Valanginian Hastings Sands, England), and Tropeognathus mesembrinus (upper Aptian–lower Albian Romualdo Formation, Brazil) were resolved as successive sister taxa, which suggests that ornithocheirids were cosmopolitan during the Albian–Cenomanian. Furthermore, the stratigraphic age of Ferrodraco lentoni (Cenomanian–lower Turonian) implies that anhanguerians might have survived later in Australia than elsewhere.

A new oryzomyine (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) from the Quaternary of Curaçao (West Indies)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3534 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
JELLE S. ZIJLSTRA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
West Indies ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Large Size

A collection of 17 isolated rodent molars from a cave in the eastern part of Duivelsklip, Curaçao, Dutch West Indies, isdescribed as Dushimys larsi, new genus and species. The new species is characterized by relatively large size, broad mo-lars, absence of mesolophid and presence of anterolophid and anterolabial cingulum on m3, absence of metaloph on M3,and m2 with three roots. Phylogenetic analysis could not conclusively resolve the position of the new species, and it isprovisionally regarded as a representative of an otherwise unknown oryzomyine genus. The material is likely middle Pleistocene in age.

A new genus and species of high intertidal barnacle (Cirripedia, Tetraclitidae) from Baja California Sur, México

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1118 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIZA GOMEZ-DAGLIO ◽  
ROBERT VAN SYOC
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Single Row

A new genus and species, Lissaclita melaniae (Tetraclitidae), is described from the Gulf of California, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Lissaclita has a secondarily divided single row of parietal tubes without septa, lack of tubes in the radii, diametric shell growth, and a membranous basis. This combination of characters does not agree with any currently described subfamily within the Tetraclitidae. Lacking a detailed phylogenetic analysis of the entire family, we place the new genus in the Tetraclitidae without assigning it to a subfamily.

A new genus of Lysitermini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Lysiterminae) from Madagascar and its taxonomic placement based on 28S rDNA sequence data

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1461 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEY A. BELOKOBYLSKIJ ◽  
ALEJANDRO ZALDIVAR-RIVERÓN ◽  
VIRGINIA LEÓN-REGAGNON ◽  
DONALD L.J. QUICKE
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Rdna Gene ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
28S Rdna Sequence

A new genus and species of Lysitermini, Atritermus pedestris Belokobylskij, Zaldivar-Riverón & Quicke, are described from Madagascar. The taxonomic placement of the new genus within Lysiterminae is discussed based on a phylogenetic analysis using 28S rDNA gene sequences. A key to world genera of Lysitermini is provided.Un nuevo género y especie de Lysitermini, Atritermus pedestris Belokobylskij, Zaldivar-Riverón & Quicke, son descritos para Madagascar. La ubicación taxonómica del nuevo género dentro de Lysiterminae es discutida con base en un análisis filogenético usando secuencias del gen ribosomal 28S. Se presenta una clave para los géneros de Lysitermini del mundo.

Terlinguachelys fischbecki, a new genus and species of sea turtle (Chelonioidea: Protostegidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Texas

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 1163-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Lehman ◽  
Susan L. Tomlinson
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Big Bend National Park ◽  
Big Bend ◽  
Lower Jaw

Remains of a large sea turtle, Terlinguachelys fischbecki n. gen. and sp., were recovered from paralic deposits of the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) Aguja Formation in Big Bend National Park, Texas. T. fischbecki is a primitive protostegid that retains a constricted humerus, well ossified plastron and costals, prominent retroarticular process on the lower jaw, and long slender femora; however, it has some features, such as a prominent tubercle at the base of the scapular acromion process, found elsewhere only in derived leatherback sea turtles. The unique combination of primitive and derived traits in T. fischbecki illustrates further diversity among Cretaceous sea turtles and another case of parallelism common in sea turtle phylogeny.

Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corotoca, with description of a new genus and species from Brazil (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Bruno Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Exhaustive Search ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
A New Species

Corotoca is a strictly Neotropical genus of termitophilous beetles associated with termites of genus Constrictotermes. A cladistic analysis based on 13 terminal taxa and 60 characters (57 morphological and three behavioral) was conducted. The exhaustive search with equally weighted characters resulted in two most parsimonious trees with 95 steps. Spirachtha is proposed to be the sister group of the monophyletic “subgroup Corotocae” (Corotoca + Cavifonexus gen. nov.), based on eleven synapomorhphies (ten exclusive and one homoplastic). The monophyly of Corotoca is supported here, including six species associated with Constrictotermes cyphergaster: (Corotoca hitchensi sp. nov + (C. melantho + C. pseudomelantho sp. nov.) + ((C. fontesi + (C. phylo + C. araujoi)). A new genus, Cavifronexus gen. nov., is proposed to two species associated with Constrictotermes cavifrons (Holmgren, 1910): Cavifronexus guyanae comb. nov., from Guyana and Brazil, previously described as Corotoca; and a new species, Cavifronexus papaveroi sp. nov., from Brazil. This work also includes descriptions, redescriptions, and illustrations for all species and genera. Keys for genera and species identification in “subgroup Corotocae” are also provided.

Deniquelata barringtoniae gen. et sp. nov., associated with leaf spots of Barringtonia asiatica

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIRAN A. ARIYAWANSA ◽  
SAJEEWA S.N. MAHARACHCHIKUMBURA ◽  
SAMANTHA C.KARUNARATHNE ◽  
EKACHAI CHUKEATIROTE ◽  
ALI H. BAHKALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pathogenicity Testing

Deniquelata barringtoniae gen. et sp. nov. (Montagnulaceae) forms numerous ascomata on distinct zonate leaf spots of Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). We isolated this taxon and sequenced the 18S and 28S nrDNA. The result of phylogenetic analysis based on 18S and 28S nrDNA sequence data indicate that the genus belongs in the family Montagnulaceae, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota. The ascomata are immersed, dark brown to black, with bitunicate asci and brown, muriform ascospores. Deniquelata is distinguished from the other genera in Montagnulaceae based on its short, broad, furcate and pedicellate asci, verruculose ascospores with short narrow pseudoparaphyses with parasitic naturee and this is also supported by molecular data. A new genus and species is therefore introduced to accommodate this taxon. We used isolates of this species to show via pathogenicity testing that the taxon is able to cause leaf spots when leaves are pin pricked.

A new genus of hawker dragonfly (Odonata: Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) from the Early Eocene Fur Formation of Denmark

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4550 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
GÜNTER BECHLY ◽  
JAN AUDUN RASMUSSEN
Keyword(s):  
Mass Extinction ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
New Genus And Species

A new genus and species of fossil hawker dragonfly, Parabaissaeshna ejerslevense gen. et sp. nov. (Aeshninae: Allopetaliini), is described from the Early Eocene Fur Formation (Mo-clay) of the island of Mors, northern Denmark. Its position among traditional “gomphaeschnine” dragonflies is discussed, and it is attributed to the tribe Allopetaliini as close relative to the Cretaceous genus Baissaeshna, documenting the survival of this lineage through the K-Pg mass extinction. The Recent genus Boyeria and the Eocene genus Anglogomphaeschna are also transferred to Allopetaliini.  

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