scholarly journals Role of pulping process as synergistic treatment on performance of agro-based activated carbons

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 190579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Altaf H. Basta ◽  
Vivian F. Lotfy ◽  
Philippe Trens
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
The One ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact

To recommend the beneficial effect of the pulping process on enhancing agro-wastes as precursors for the production of high-performance activated carbons (ACs), different pulping methods (alkali, sulfite and neutral sulfite) were applied on two available Egyptian agriculture by-products (rice straw and sugar cane bagasse), using the one-step pyrolysis method and H 3 PO 4 activating agent. The adsorption performance of the different prepared ACs was evaluated in terms of Iodine Numbers and their sorption properties for removing the methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The corresponding sorption processes were also analysed using Lagergren first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models. Data revealed that the applied pulping conditions were effective for removing the non-cellulosic constituents of agro-residues. This was demonstrated by the hydrogen/carbon and oxygen/carbon ratios, thermal stability and IR-measurements of the final pulps. These data were effective on the particular sorption properties of RS and SCB-based ACs. Interestingly, the pulping process is a profound modification of the SCB-based fibres, on which it induced a clear increase of the specific surface areas of the corresponding ACs even though they had an impact on the sorption of MB and iodine. These values are superior to the reported data on agro-based ACs with H 3 PO 4 activators. Pulping processes therefore play a dual role in the sorption properties of ACs. The first important role is the impact on the specific surface areas and the second impact is a profound modification of the surface chemistry of the ACs. Therefore, SCB-based ACs can be seen as an economical breakthrough product, and an alternative to the high-cost commercial ACs for the purification of industrial wastewaters.

Preparation of activated carbons with high specific surface areas using lignin and crab shells, and their use in methane adsorption

Carbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Yamashita ◽  
Toshiki Yoshida ◽  
Aki Hidaka ◽  
Tatsuya Oshima ◽  
Yoshinari Baba
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Methane Adsorption ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas

scholarly journals Preparation of activated carbons with high specific surface areas using lignin and crab shells, and their use in methane adsorption

TANSO ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (268) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Yamashita ◽  
Toshiki Yoshida ◽  
Aki Hidaka ◽  
Tatsuya Oshima ◽  
Yoshinari Baba
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Methane Adsorption ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas

A strategy for the synthesis of VN@C and VC@C core–shell composites with hierarchically porous structures and large specific surface areas for high performance symmetric supercapacitors

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (24) ◽  
pp. 8052-8062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifu Zhang ◽  
Jiqi Zheng ◽  
Xuyang Jing ◽  
Changgong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Novel Strategy

A novel strategy for the fabrication of VN@C and VC@C was developed by the thermal treatment with H2V3O8@C under N2 and Ar atmospheres. VN@C SSC device exhibited better electrochemical performance than VC@C SSC device.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Reactive Blue 19 on coconut shell and bamboo activated carbons

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiều Lê Văn ◽  
Duy Ngọc Vũ ◽  
Tiến Mạnh Nguyễn ◽  
Hà Thế Cao
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Reactive Blue 19 ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Site Density ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Kinetics And Isotherms

Abstract: Kinetics and isotherms of Reactive Blue 19 adsorption on two kinds of granular activated carbons from coconut shell and bamboo were determined in this study. These activated carbon are micropore materials with specific surface areas of 687 and 425 m2/g, respectively. Experimental data shows that equilibrium times are the same for both kinds of activated carbon when ininital concentration of the dye is 40 mg/L. However, maximum absorption capacity of bamboo activated carbon is about 10 times higher than that of coconut shell. This results reveals that adsorption site density on the surface plays a more important role than specific surface area.           

Potassium Humate-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Activated Carbons with Narrow Micropore Size Distribution for High-Performance Supercapacitors

NANO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750040
Author(s):  
Lingli Xie ◽  
Litao Kang ◽  
Yae Li ◽  
Mangwei Cui ◽  
Bo Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Potassium Acetate ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Potassium Humate ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Activating Agent

Micro-porous activated carbons (ACs) with a narrow pore size distribution of 0.4–0.6[Formula: see text]nm and high specific surface areas (1160–1315[Formula: see text]m2[Formula: see text][Formula: see text] g[Formula: see text] are prepared from environment-friendly, low-grade potassium humate (HA-K, carbon resource) and mild activating agent potassium acetate (CH3COOK). Microstructure characterizations indicate that the introduction of activating agent CH3COOK is a key step to achieve high specific surface area and carbonization degree. These ACs contain small amount of oxygen and nitrogen, and show obvious pseudo-capacitance besides double layer capacitance. As a result, the optimized ACs achieve high specific capacitances of 311[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] and 317[Formula: see text]F[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] at 0.1[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g[Formula: see text] in 2[Formula: see text]M KOH and 1[Formula: see text]M H2SO4 aqueous electrolytes, respectively. This sample also shows a good charge-discharge cycling stability within 10 000 cycles.

scholarly journals Activated Carbons from Hydrochars Prepared in Milk

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa Haj Yahia ◽  
Kian Keat Lee ◽  
Brahim Ayed ◽  
Niklas Hedin ◽  
Tamara L. Church
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Aliphatic Carbon ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Waste Milk ◽  
Specific Surface Areas

AbstractHydrothermal carbonization converts organics in aqueous suspension to a mixture of liquid components and carbon-rich solids (hydrochars), which in turn can be processed into activated carbons. We investigated whether milk could be used as a medium for hydrothermal carbonization, and found that hydrochars prepared from milk, with or without an added fibrous biomass, contained more carbon (particularly aliphatic carbon), less oxygen, and more mineral components than those prepared from fibrous biomass in water. Activated carbons produced from hydrochars generated in milk had lower specific surface areas and CO2 capacities than those from hydrochars formed in water; however, these differences disappeared upon normalizing to the combustible mass of the solid. Thus, in the context of N2 and CO2 uptake on activated carbons, the primary effect of using milk rather than water to form the hydrochar precursor was to contribute inorganic mass that adsorbed little CO2. Nevertheless, some of the activated carbons generated from hydrochars formed in milk had specific CO2 uptake capacities in the normal range for activated carbons prepared by activation in CO2 (here, up to 1.6 mmol g−1 CO2 at 15 kPa and 0 °C). Thus, hydrothermal carbonization could be used to convert waste milk to hydrochars and activated carbons.

scholarly journals Pyrrole-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruidong Gao ◽  
Guang Zhang ◽  
Fanli Lu ◽  
Long Chen ◽  
Yang Li
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Microporous Polymers ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Conjugated Microporous Polymers

Conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with robust architectures, facilely tunable pore sizes and large specific surface areas have emerged as an important class of porous materials due to their demonstrated prospects in various fields, e.g. gas storage/separation and heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, two new pyrrole-based CMPs with large specific surface areas and good stabilities were successfully prepared by one-step oxidative self-polycondensation of 1,2,4,5-tetra (pyrrol-2-ly)benzene or 1,3,5-tri (pyrrol-2-ly)benzene, respectively. Interestingly, both CMPs showed very high catalytic activity toward Knoevenagel condensation reaction, which was attributed to the inherent pore channels, high specific surface areas and abundant nitrogen sites within CMPs. Additionally, both CMPs displayed excellent recyclability with negligible degradation after 10 cycles. This work provides new possibilities into designing novel nitrogen-rich high-performance heterogeneous catalysts.

scholarly journals The synthesis and characterisation of porous and monodisperse, chemically modified hypercrosslinked poly(acrylonitrile)-based terpolymer as a sorbent for the adsorption of acidic pharmaceuticals

e-Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-345
Author(s):  
Nur Nida Syamimi Subri ◽  
Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil ◽  
Peter A. G. Cormack ◽  
Luqman Chuah Abdullah ◽  
Sazlinda Kamaruzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Selectivity ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Exchange Character ◽  
Specific Surface Areas ◽  
Poly Acrylonitrile

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of porous poly(acrylonitrile(AN)-co-divinylbenzene-80 (DVB-80)-co-vinylbenzylchloride (VBC)) polymers with high specific surface areas and weak anion-exchange character have been successfully researched. The hypercrosslinked (HXL) microspheres were chemically modified with 1,2-ethylenediamine (EDA) to enhance the adsorption selectivity of the HXL materials. The zeta potential of EDA-modified HXL poly(AN-co-DVB-80-co-VBC) revealed that the surface of the modified terpolymer was positively charged. The FT-IR spectra of the chemically modified hypercrosslinked poly(AN-co-DVB-80-co-VBC) showed that the nitrile groups derived from the AN unit were utilised by the presence of diamine groups. The BET-specific surface areas of the EDA-modified hypercrosslinked poly(AN-co-DVB-80-co-VBC) was 503 m2 g−1; meanwhile, the specific surface area of the HXL terpolymer was 983 m2 g−1. The adsorption isotherm data were well fitted by both the Langmuir and Freundlich models, whereas the adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This study confirms that the EDA-modified hypercrosslinked poly(AN-co-DVB-80-co-VBC) terpolymer is a potential adsorbent for the adsorption of acidic pharmaceuticals.

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