scholarly journals Temporal inactivation enhances robustness in an evolving system

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181471
Author(s):  
Fumiko Ogushi ◽  
János Kertész ◽  
Kimmo Kaski ◽  
Takashi Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Dormant State ◽  
Random Interactions ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Evolving System ◽  
Numerical And Analytical Methods

We study the robustness of an evolving system that is driven by successive inclusions of new elements or constituents with m random interactions to older ones. Each constitutive element in the model stays either active or is temporarily inactivated depending upon the influence of the other active elements. If the time spent by an element in the inactivated state reaches T W , it gets extinct. The phase diagram of this dynamic model as a function of m and T W is investigated by numerical and analytical methods and as a result both growing (robust) as well as non-growing (volatile) phases are identified. It is also found that larger time limit T W enhances the system’s robustness against the inclusion of new elements, mainly due to the system’s increased ability to reject ‘falling-together’ type attacks. Our results suggest that the ability of an element to survive in an unfavourable situation for a while, either as a minority or in a dormant state, could improve the robustness of the entire system.

scholarly journals Ground state and stability of the fractional plateau phase in metallic Shastry–Sutherland system TmB4

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matúš Orendáč ◽  
Slavomír Gabáni ◽  
Pavol Farkašovský ◽  
Emil Gažo ◽  
Jozef Kačmarčík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Constant Magnetic Field ◽  
Paramagnetic Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zero Field ◽  
Plateau Phase ◽  
Low Field ◽  
Zero Field Cooling

AbstractWe present a study of the ground state and stability of the fractional plateau phase (FPP) with M/Msat = 1/8 in the metallic Shastry–Sutherland system TmB4. Magnetization (M) measurements show that the FPP states are thermodynamically stable when the sample is cooled in constant magnetic field from the paramagnetic phase to the ordered one at 2 K. On the other hand, after zero-field cooling and subsequent magnetization these states appear to be of dynamic origin. In this case the FPP states are closely associated with the half plateau phase (HPP, M/Msat = ½), mediate the HPP to the low-field antiferromagnetic (AF) phase and depend on the thermodynamic history. Thus, in the same place of the phase diagram both, the stable and the metastable (dynamic) fractional plateau (FP) states, can be observed, depending on the way they are reached. In case of metastable FP states thermodynamic paths are identified that lead to very flat fractional plateaus in the FPP. Moreover, with a further decrease of magnetic field also the low-field AF phase becomes influenced and exhibits a plateau of the order of 1/1000 Msat.

Study on the Dynamics on the Brake of Vehicle after the Effects of Deicing Salt

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 862-869
Author(s):  
Tao Peng ◽  
Zhi Peng Li ◽  
Chang Shu Zhan ◽  
Xiang Luo ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Snow Melting ◽  
Adhesion Coefficient ◽  
Deicing Salt ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Road Condition ◽  
Braking Distance ◽  
The Relationship

Through analyzing the process of brake, a dynamic model of automobile and a model of the relationship between braking distance and adhesion coefficient were formed; also a simulation calculating model of braking distance was established with the use of Matlab. Finally, a research was done toward the braking distance of a type of a car running on a road after using snow-melting agent. On one hand, with the application of the simulation model which has been established, calculations have been done to the braking distance of Bora vehicles running on roads after using deicing salt; on the other hand, by experiments, Bora vehicles’ braking distance and maximum braking deceleration under the same road condition were measured, meanwhile, the established simulation model was verified.

An Analysis of Competitive Oscillations between Japanese Twin Cities

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kohsaka
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Twin Cities ◽  
Competitive Condition ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
Retail Development ◽  
Market Shares ◽  
Strong Competition

In this paper keenly-competing Japanese twin cities are examined and the competitive oscillations occurring between them is analyzed as a typical example of medium-term competitive processes. From an analysis of market shares for annual retail sales of women's and children's clothes it was found that there are certain oscillations between the twin cities. As these oscillations are derived from the strong competition between closely-located twin cities, they are called competitive oscillations. In order to analyze the generation of the competitive oscillations, an attempt to reproduce a strongly competitive condition by constructing a dynamic model of two-centre competition was made. As the twin cities share a large part of their populations, they are under strong competitive conditions in which major retail development at one city produces an absolute loss to the other city. Therefore, the twin cities seesaw through the introduction of innovations such as large shops in order to gain a more advantageous competitive position, resulting in competitive oscillations between them. This finding implies that the introduction of innovation to centres is a competitive device in the medium-term and is consistent with the view that the diffusion of innovation is closely related to the competitive process.

scholarly journals Modelling the impact of microbial contamination of fuel filtration efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 169 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Rafał KRAKOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

In this paper the concept of filtration and the problem of microbial contamination occurring in the fuels and oils was presented. Then the factors influencing the growth of bacteria in petroleum products were described in detail. In the next part of the article modeling of the impact of fuel microbial contamination on filtration efficiency was performed. The modeling presented in the article is an example showing how undesirable phenomenon is the microbial contamination and how pollution affects the other elements of the entire system. As part of the modeling, numerical model of filtration with the solution was presented. Then analysis results on the basis of the impurities concentration characteristics in the fuel as a function of the fouling thickness in the partition of the filter is performed. The development of impurities was divided into three stages. In the article for one case the trend line was presented. The article was completed conclusions.

Twin Peaks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Colander ◽  
Roland Kupers
Keyword(s):  
Complexity Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Choice ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Twin Peaks ◽  
Control Actions ◽  
Evolving System ◽  
Policy Frame ◽  
The Government

This chapter provides an overview of the book’s main themes. It discusses the notion of a complexity frame, which is a fundamentally different policy frame provided by complexity science. The central policy choice in a complexity frame is not the market or the government. The goal of policy in the complexity frame is not to choose one or the other. Instead, policy is seen as affecting a complex evolving system that cannot be controlled. But while it cannot be controlled, it can be influenced, and policymakers have to continually think how to work with evolutionary pressures, and try to guide those pressures toward desirable ends. Within the complexity frame, top-down control actions are a last resort. Their use suggests that you have failed in your previous attempts to get the ecostructure right.

مكافحة الجرائم الإلكترونية وعقوباتها

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
أحمد المرضي ◽  
محمد النذير الزين
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Electronic Crime ◽  
Legal Measure

يتناولُ هذا البحثُ التعريفَ بتقنيةِ المعلوماتِ، وماهية الجريمة الإلكترونية، والأخطار الناجمة عنها وتصنيف المُجْرِمين الإلكترونيين، وتنويع الجرائم المُتعلقة بتقنية المعلومات، والأسباب التي تعزي إلى صعوبةِ الكشفِ عنها، وإيراد نموذجًا للجرائم التقنية وفقًا لأحكام القانون الجنائِيّ الإماراتِيّ والمصرِيّ المُتعلقين بمكافحة جرائم تقنية المعلومات. ويشيرُ البحثُ في إيجازٍ إلى: التعريف بالجريمة، وركنها المادي، وبيان شروط الركن المادي، والركن المعنوي، والعقوبة الأصيلة للجريمة، والعقوبة في صورتها المشددة، والعقوبات البديلة. وينطوي البحثُ أيضًا على الأسس الشرعية المُتضمنة حظر الجرائم الماسة بتقنيةِ المعلوماتِ تبعًا لنصوص القرآن الكريم، والسنة النبوية الشريفة، والقواعد الفقهية القاضية بحظر جرائم الانتحال الإلكتروني. ويشتملُ هذا البحثُ على مُقدمةٍ، وخمسة مباحث، وخاتمةٍ على النحو الآتـي: المبحث الأول الأصل الشرعي في تحريم الجرائم الإلكترونية، والمبحث الثاني تعريفات عامة للجرائم المعلوماتية وتصنيفها، والمبحث الثالث أنواع المجرمين المحترفين في المعلوماتية التقنية، وصعوبة اكتشافهم، والمخاطر الأمنية للإنترنت، والمبحث الرابع نماذج من أحكام القانون الجنائي الإماراتي والمصري في مكافحة الجرائم الإلكترونية، والمبحث الخامس الأدلة الرقمية لإثبات الجرائم الإلكترونية وفقًا للقضاءين الإماراتِيّ والمصرِيّ، ثمَّ جاءَت الخاتمةُ لتحتوي على أهم النتائج والتوصياتِ. By this forgoing paper which bearing the title: Combating Electronic Crimes According to Provisions of Criminal Laws of Emirates and Egypt, It Aims to, Enforcement to principals of shariah Law actualization which intents detterence commission crimes through mechanism of” Amr Bil Maroof and Nahy An Munkar”, actualization to the measures of shariah Law that prevent disobedience and electronic crimes. To explain that application of shariah legal maxims such as: "Al Ghurm Bi Al ghunm" whereby it implies whoever owns illegally as a result of committing an offense on a property of whosever should be suffered a penalty, typically to the legal maxim " La dharar wa La dirar ".(damage should be removed) The research methodology which adopted is the descriptive and analytical methods where the researcher intents to define, explains elements and punishments of the crimes. On the other hand the researcher under took the analytical method where he proceeds comparison between the provisions of the two selective criminal laws of Emirates and Egypt, for the achievement the purpose of identification of the similarity and distinctiveness. The problems that presumed to be settled by this research such as: Are there any legal basis to criminalize electronic crime with reference to shariah law? Are there any legal justifications to enforce punishment of fine on the criminal hackers? What are the dangerous consequences for committing the electronic crimes? What are the negative effects for commission electronic crime on individuals and societies at large, and what are the preventive international standards measure and strategies in this context? Concerning the expected achievements by this research, It will enrich the Islamic Library because a comparative research on this topic is so scarce and limited. It will guide the researchers by exploring a new referencing methods for application shariah law, It provides and exposes the legal measure for combating the electronic crimes by using the techniques of detection the electronic criminals by hiding cameras, intelligent phone thumb prints to enable the police investigative officer to deter, identify and arrest the electronic criminals. In the light of combating the researcher advices government officers’ bankers and others to provide top advanced sophisticated technological systems to protect their computers and account numbers against the expected threads of the electronic offences.

scholarly journals Holographic Lifshitz superconductors with Weyl correction

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Wang Lu ◽  
Ya-Bo Wu ◽  
Bao-Ping Dong ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Numerical Method ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Lifshitz Black Hole ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Numerical And Analytical Methods

AbstractAt the probe approximation, we construct a holographic p-wave conductor/superconductor model in the five-dimensional Lifshitz black hole with the Weyl correction via both numerical and analytical methods, and study the effects of the Lifshitz parameter z as well as the Weyl parameter $$\gamma $$ γ on the superconductor model. As we take into account one of the two corrections separately, the increasing z ($$\gamma $$ γ ) inhibits(enhances) the superconductor phase transition. When the two corrections are considered comprehensively, they display the obviously competitive effects on both the critical temperature and the vector condensate. In particular, the promoting effects of the Weyl parameter $$\gamma $$ γ on the critical temperature are obviously suppressed by the increasing Lifshitz parameter. Meanwhile, in the case of $$z<2.35$$ z < 2.35 ($$z>2.35$$ z > 2.35 ), the condensate at lower temperature decreases(increases) with the increasing Weyl parameter $$\gamma $$ γ . What is more, the difference among the condensate with the fixed Weyl parameter($$\gamma =-\frac{6}{100},0,\frac{4}{100}$$ γ = - 6 100 , 0 , 4 100 ) decreases(increases) with the increasing Lifshitz parameter z in the region $$z<2.35$$ z < 2.35 ($$z>2.35$$ z > 2.35 ). Furthermore, the increasing z obviously suppresses the real part of conductivity for all value of the Weyl parameter $$\gamma $$ γ . In addition, the analytical results agree well with the ones from the numerical method.

scholarly journals Gaussian beam diffraction in inhomogeneous and logarithmically saturable nonlinear media

Open Physics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Berczynski
Keyword(s):  
Gaussian Beam ◽  
Wave Front ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Cylindrical Symmetry ◽  
Nonlinear Media ◽  
First Order ◽  
Self Focusing ◽  
Complex Curvature ◽  
Numerical And Analytical Methods ◽  
Beam Diffraction

AbstractThe method of paraxial complex geometrical optics (PCGO) is presented, which describes Gaussian beam (GB) diffraction and self-focusing in smoothly inhomogeneous and nonlinear saturable media of cylindrical symmetry. PCGO reduces the problem of Gaussian beam diffraction in nonlinear and inhomogeneous media to the system of the first order ordinary differential equations for the complex curvature of the wave front and for GB amplitude, which can be readily solved both analytically and numerically. As a result, PCGO radically simplifies the description of Gaussian beam diffraction in inhomogeneous and nonlinear media as compared to the numerical and analytical methods of nonlinear optics. The power of PCGO method is presented on the example of Gaussian beam evolution in logarithmically saturable medium with either focusing and defocusing refractive profile. Besides, the influence of initial curvature of the wave front on GB evolution in nonlinear saturable medium is discussed in this paper.

Robustness Enhancement of GPS Vector Tracking Loop Using the Fault Detection and Exclusion Algorithm

2015 ◽  
Vol 764-765 ◽  
pp. 570-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dah Jing Jwo ◽  
Meng Hsien Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Tracking Loop ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
Vector Tracking ◽  
Satellite Signal ◽  
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring ◽  
Exclusion Mechanism

Although the vector tracking loop architectures provide several important advantages, they suffer some fundamental drawbacks. The most significant drawback is that failure of tracking in one channel may affect the entire system and lead to loss of lock on all satellites. The other drawback is that errors in the navigation solutions may degrade the accuracy of the tracking results. For robustness improvement of the vector tracking loop, the EKF based receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) and fault detection and exclusion (FDE) algorithms are developed to prevent the error of one channel from spreading into the vector tracking loop. The RAIM is used to check the possible fault in the pseudorange and the pseudorange rate; the fault detection and exclusion mechanism is employed for excluding the abnormal satellite signal to prevent the failure of one channel from spreading into the entire tracking loop. The feasibility of the proposed method will be demonstrated. Performance assessment and evaluation for the proposed approach will be carried out.

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