scholarly journals Self-assembly of the butterfly proboscis: the role of capillary forces

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (144) ◽  
pp. 20180229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengqi Zhang ◽  
Peter H. Adler ◽  
Daria Monaenkova ◽  
Taras Andrukh ◽  
Suellen Pometto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Capillary Forces ◽  
Liquid Bridges ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Experimental Analyses

The proboscis of butterflies and moths consists of two C-shaped fibres, the galeae, which are united after the insect emerges from the pupa. We observed that proboscis self-assembly is facilitated by discharge of saliva. In contrast with vertebrate saliva, butterfly saliva is not slimy and is an almost inviscid, water-like fluid. Butterfly saliva, therefore, cannot offer any viscoelastic adhesiveness. We hypothesized that capillary forces are responsible for helping butterflies and moths pull and hold their galeae together while uniting them mechanically. Theoretical analysis supported by X-ray micro-computed tomography on columnar liquid bridges suggests that both concave and convex liquid bridges are able to pull the galeae together. Theoretical and experimental analyses of capillary forces acting on natural and artificial proboscises show that these forces are sufficiently high to hold the galeae together.

Morphology and Affinities of Ampelocissites Seeds (Vitaceae: Ampelopsis clade) from the Paleogene of Texas, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-482
Author(s):  
Steven R. Manchester
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fossil Seeds ◽  
Fossil Genus

Abstract—The type material on which the fossil genus name Ampelocissites was established in 1929 has been reexamined with the aid of X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning and compared with seeds of extant taxa to assess the relationships of these fossils within the grape family, Vitaceae. The specimens were collected from a sandstone of late Paleocene or early Eocene age. Although originally inferred by Berry to be intermediate in morphology between Ampelocissus and Vitis, the newly revealed details of seed morphology indicate that these seeds represent instead the Ampelopsis clade. Digital cross sections show that the seed coat maintains its thickness over the external surfaces, but diminishes quickly in the ventral infolds. This feature, along with the elliptical chalaza and lack of an apical groove, indicate that Ampelocissites lytlensis Berry probably represents Ampelopsis or Nekemias (rather than Ampelocissus or Vitis) and that the generic name Ampelocissites may be useful for fossil seeds with morphology consistent with the Ampelopsis clade that lack sufficient characters to specify placement within one of these extant genera.

INVESTIGATION OF AUBRITES THROUGH INTEGRATION OF 3D MODAL MINERALOGY WITH X-RAY MICRO-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND GEOCHEMISTRY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoë E. Wilbur ◽  
◽  
Arya Udry ◽  
Arya Udry ◽  
Daniel M. Coleff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Investigation of opening eye defects and effects of different ripening profiles on eye structure in semi-hard cheese using X-ray micro-computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 100190
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Auer ◽  
Michael Reiter ◽  
Sascha Senck ◽  
Andreas Reiter ◽  
Johann Kastner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hard Cheese

scholarly journals 3D visualisation of voids in grapevine flowers and berries using X‐ray micro computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Xiao ◽  
T. Stait‐Gardner ◽  
S.A. Willis ◽  
W.S. Price ◽  
F.J. Moroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
3D Visualisation

Identification of corrosion products and 3D distribution in reinforced concrete using X-ray micro computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 304-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohao Fang ◽  
Weijian Ding ◽  
Yuqing Liu ◽  
Jianchao Zhang ◽  
Feng Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray

First fossil representative of Cerylonidae (Coleoptera: Coccinelloidea) described using X-ray micro-computed tomography, from Eocene Baltic amber

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5032 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-236
Author(s):  
ANDRIS BUKEJS ◽  
ADAM ŚLIPIŃSKI ◽  
JERIT L. MITCHELL ◽  
RYAN C. MCKELLAR ◽  
MAURICIO BARBI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
New Species ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Family

Based on material originating from five amber collections of Eocene Baltic amber, Protostomopsis pandema gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated using X-ray micro-computed tomography. It is the first formally described extinct species of Cerylonidae, and the first known Palaearctic representative of the subfamily Ostomopsinae. As such, the new species extends the temporal range of the family Cerylonidae by approximately 45 Ma.  

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