scholarly journals Medical ultrasound: imaging of soft tissue strain and elasticity

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (64) ◽  
pp. 1521-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. T. Wells ◽  
Hai-Dong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Ultrasonic Imaging ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Radiation Force ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Tissue Strain ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration ◽  
Pulse Echo

After X-radiography, ultrasound is now the most common of all the medical imaging technologies. For millennia, manual palpation has been used to assist in diagnosis, but it is subjective and restricted to larger and more superficial structures. Following an introduction to the subject of elasticity, the elasticity of biological soft tissues is discussed and published data are presented. The basic physical principles of pulse-echo and Doppler ultrasonic techniques are explained. The history of ultrasonic imaging of soft tissue strain and elasticity is summarized, together with a brief critique of previously published reviews. The relevant techniques—low-frequency vibration, step, freehand and physiological displacement, and radiation force (displacement, impulse, shear wave and acoustic emission)—are described. Tissue-mimicking materials are indispensible for the assessment of these techniques and their characteristics are reported. Emerging clinical applications in breast disease, cardiology, dermatology, gastroenterology, gynaecology, minimally invasive surgery, musculoskeletal studies, radiotherapy, tissue engineering, urology and vascular disease are critically discussed. It is concluded that ultrasonic imaging of soft tissue strain and elasticity is now sufficiently well developed to have clinical utility. The potential for further research is examined and it is anticipated that the technology will become a powerful mainstream investigative tool.

Potential Applications of Vibro-acoustography in Breast Imaging

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Alizad ◽  
Dana H. Whaley ◽  
James F. Greenleaf ◽  
Mostafa Fatemi
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Radiation Force ◽  
Tissue Imaging ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Potential Impact

Vibro-acoustography has gained interest in the recent years as a new modality for medical imaging. This method is based on low-frequency vibrations induced in the object by the radiation force of ultrasound. This paper focuses on potential applications of vibro-acoustography in breast imaging, including detection of microcalcifications, detection of arterial calcifications, and soft tissue imaging. In addition, we will briefly discuss our recent results of in vivo breast vibro-acoustography. Future developments and potential impact of vibro-acoustography in breast imaging are also discussed.

Shear Elastic Property Measurement in Vivo Using Ultrasonic Imaging of Internal Forced Low Frequency Vibration

1996 ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiki Yamakoshi ◽  
Masahiko Sanada ◽  
Masaaki Ebara ◽  
Keisuke Oomura ◽  
Satoru Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Property ◽  
Ultrasonic Imaging ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration ◽  
Property Measurement

Modeling Dynamic Responses of Viscoelastic Heterogeneous Soft Tissues to Step Acoustic Radiation Force

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Zhao ◽  
Assimina A. Pelegri
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Acoustic Radiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Radiation Force ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Acoustic Radiation Force ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Dynamic Responses

The responses of soft tissue under acoustic radiation force excitations are used to image tissue mechanical properties for soft tissue discrimination and detection of breast tumors. The soft tissue viscoelasticy has been interrogated by step acoustic radiation force excitations. The corresponding induced time-dependent creep displacement is used to reconstruct soft tissue viscoelasticity or to estimate viscosity and elasticity contrast of the inclusion to background. The acoustic radiation force is highly localized in a small excitation region; and, one degree-of-freedom and homogenous assumptions are generally made to the analysis. However, these simplifying assumptions limit the accuracy of these methods. In this paper, a finite element model was built to demonstrate the effect of the dynamic response of viscoelastic heterogeneous soft tissue to step acoustic radiation force. Factors affecting the dynamic response of soft tissue were first investigated with the homogenous model, and the corresponding estimation quality based on the one degree-of-freedom model was evaluated. Then, the dynamic response of soft tissue with inclusion and different elasticity and viscocity for the tissue and the inclusion was studied. The results suggest that in order to improve the estimate of soft tissue viscoelasticity the heterogenenous nature of the tissue and its three dimensional geometry should be accounted in the model.

Clinical evaluation of sonoelasticity measurement in liver using ultrasonic imaging of internal forced low-frequency vibration

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1455-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Sanada ◽  
Masaaki Ebara ◽  
Hiroyuki Fukuda ◽  
Masaharu Yoshikawa ◽  
Nobuyuki Sugiura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Ultrasonic Imaging ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration

A Study on the Fine Structure of the Lateral Line Organ of the Sea Eel

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
K. Hama
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Sensory Epithelia ◽  
Low Frequency Vibration ◽  
Transmission Electron

The lateral line organs of the sea eel consist of canal and pit organs which are different in function. The former is a low frequency vibration detector whereas the latter functions as an ion receptor as well as a mechano receptor.The fine structure of the sensory epithelia of both organs were studied by means of ordinary transmission electron microscope, high voltage electron microscope and of surface scanning electron microscope.The sensory cells of the canal organ are polarized in front-caudal direction and those of the pit organ are polarized in dorso-ventral direction. The sensory epithelia of both organs have thinner surface coats compared to the surrounding ordinary epithelial cells, which have very thick fuzzy coatings on the apical surface.

Imaging Features of Primary Tumors of the Hand

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Boriani ◽  
Edoardo Raposio ◽  
Costantino Errani
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Epithelioid Sarcoma ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Tumors Of The Hand

: Musculoskeletal tumors of the hand are a rare entity and are divided into skeletal and soft tissue tumors. Either category comprises benign and malignant or even intermediate tumors. Basic radiology allows an optimal resolution of bone and related soft tissue areas, ultrasound and more sophisticated radiologic tools such as scintigraphy, CT and MRI allow a more accurate evaluation of tumor extent. Enchondroma is the most common benign tumor affecting bone, whereas chondrosarcoma is the most commonly represented malignant neoplasm localized to hand bones. In the soft tissues ganglions are the most common benign tumors and epithelioid sarcoma is the most frequently represented malignant tumor targeting hand soft tissues. The knowledge regarding diagnostic and therapeutic management of these tumors is often deriving from small case series, retrospective studies or even case reports. Evidences from prospective studies or controlled trials are limited and for this lack of clear and supported evidences data from the medical literature on the topic are controversial, in terms of demographics, clinical presentation, diagnosis prognosis and therapy.The correct recognition of the specific subtype and extension of the tumor through first line and second line radiology is essential for the surgeon, in order to effectively direct the therapeutic decisions.

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