scholarly journals Seed dispersal by dispersing juvenile animals: a source of functional connectivity in fragmented landscapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 20190264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. González-Varo ◽  
Sarah Díaz-García ◽  
Juan M. Arroyo ◽  
Pedro Jordano
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Fragmented Landscapes ◽  
Plant Dispersal ◽  
Link Functions ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Mobile Link ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species

Juvenile animals generally disperse from their birthplace to their future breeding territories. In fragmented landscapes, habitat-specialist species must disperse through the anthropogenic matrix where remnant habitats are embedded. Here, we test the hypothesis that dispersing juvenile frugivores leave a footprint in the form of seed deposition through the matrix of fragmented landscapes. We focused on the Sardinian warbler ( Sylvia melanocephala ), a resident frugivorous passerine. We used data from field sampling of bird-dispersed seeds in the forest and matrix of a fragmented landscape, subsequent disperser identification through DNA-barcoding analysis, and data from a national bird-ringing programme. Seed dispersal by Sardinian warblers was confined to the forest most of the year, but warblers contributed a peak of seed-dispersal events in the matrix between July and October, mainly attributable to dispersing juveniles. Our study uniquely connects animal and plant dispersal, demonstrating that juveniles of habitat-specialist frugivores can provide mobile-link functions transiently, but in a seasonally predictable way.

The age of island-like habitats impacts habitat specialist species richness

Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Horsák ◽  
Michal Hájek ◽  
Daniel Spitale ◽  
Petra Hájková ◽  
Daniel Dítě ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species

scholarly journals A rapid survey of herpetofaunal diversity in Nijhum Dwip National Park, Bangladesh

2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Md. Fazle Rabbe ◽  
Nur Mohammad ◽  
Dipongkor Roy ◽  
M. Firoj Jaman ◽  
M Niamul Naser
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
Human Habitation ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species ◽  
Riparian Landscapes ◽  
Forest Habitats

The ecological effects of habitat use by herpetofaunal species vary widely and recognizing relative habitat value will help to improve conservation theory and practice in a particular landscape. To understand how different habitat uses influence diversity in riparian landscapes, we studied reptile and amphibian assemblages across major habitats (agricultural land, forest, human habitation, and waterbodies) in Nijhum Dwip National Park, Bangladesh. A total of 35 herpetofaunal species were found; among them, 17 were directly observed and 18 were reported from a questionnaire survey. Among the observed species, the Asian Common Toad Duttaphrynus melanostictus was the most commonly seen (relative abundance 0.32). We found that forest habitat contained a greater diversity of herpetofauna than other habitats followed by agricultural land, human habitation, and waterbodies. We also found 8 habitat specialist species and 9 generalist species in this study. Our results show that different habitats support different species assemblages in Nijhum Dwip National Park, signifying the importance of diversified habitats for the herpetofaunal population. Understanding this importance is crucial for identifying matrix environments that can complement the forest habitats of sensitive as well as specialist herpetofaunal species.

scholarly journals Seed-dispersal distributions by trumpeter hornbills in fragmented landscapes

2011 ◽  
Vol 278 (1716) ◽  
pp. 2257-2264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Lenz ◽  
Wolfgang Fiedler ◽  
Tanja Caprano ◽  
Wolfgang Friedrichs ◽  
Bernhard H. Gaese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Fragmented Landscapes ◽  
Habitat Patches ◽  
Dispersal Distances

Frugivorous birds provide important ecosystem services by transporting seeds of fleshy fruited plants. It has been assumed that seed-dispersal kernels generated by these animals are generally leptokurtic, resulting in little dispersal among habitat fragments. However, little is known about the seed-dispersal distribution generated by large frugivorous birds in fragmented landscapes. We investigated movement and seed-dispersal patterns of trumpeter hornbills ( Bycanistes bucinator ) in a fragmented landscape in South Africa. Novel GPS loggers provide high-quality location data without bias against recording long-distance movements. We found a very weakly bimodal seed-dispersal distribution with potential dispersal distances up to 14.5 km. Within forest, the seed-dispersal distribution was unimodal with an expected dispersal distance of 86 m. In the fragmented agricultural landscape, the distribution was strongly bimodal with peaks at 18 and 512 m. Our results demonstrate that seed-dispersal distributions differed when birds moved in different habitat types. Seed-dispersal distances in fragmented landscapes show that transport among habitat patches is more frequent than previously assumed, allowing plants to disperse among habitat patches and to track the changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Habitat patches providing south–north connectivity are under-protected in a fragmented landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1957) ◽  
pp. 20211010
Author(s):  
Thomas J. P. Travers ◽  
Jamie Alison ◽  
Sarah D. Taylor ◽  
Humphrey Q. P. Crick ◽  
Jenny A. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Habitat Patches ◽  
As Species ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Habitat Networks ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Priority Habitat ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species

As species’ ranges shift to track climate change, conservationists increasingly recognize the need to consider connectivity when designating protected areas (PAs). In fragmented landscapes, some habitat patches are more important than others in maintaining connectivity, and methods are needed for their identification. Here, using the Condatis methodology, we model range expansion through an adaptation of circuit theory. Specifically, we map ‘flow’ through 16 conservation priority habitat networks in England, quantifying how patches contribute to functional South–North connectivity. We also explore how much additional connectivity could be protected via a connectivity-led protection procedure. We find high-flow patches are often left out of existing PAs; across 12 of 16 habitat networks, connectivity protection falls short of area protection by 13.6% on average. We conclude that the legacy of past protection decisions has left habitat-specialist species vulnerable to climate change. This situation may be mirrored in many countries which have similar habitat protection principles. Addressing this requires specific planning tools that can account for the directions species may shift. Our connectivity-led reserve selection procedure efficiently identifies additional PAs that prioritize connectivity, protecting a median of 40.9% more connectivity in these landscapes with just a 10% increase in area.

scholarly journals Balloniscus glaber (Crustacea, Isopoda, Balloniscidae), a habitat specialist species in a disturbed area of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Costa Kenne ◽  
Paula Beatriz Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Human Influence ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species ◽  
Favorable Conditions

ABSTRACT Balloniscus glaber Araujo & Zardo, 1995 (Balloniscidae), a Neotropical Oniscidea, has been recorded historically in environments with low or no human interference. In one of these areas, it was determined as aK-strategist. Recently, however, this species was documented in a disturbed forest within urban limits. The present work revealed that the population in the urban area has high density, high number of ovigerous females and mancae in the population, a long reproductive period, and early sexual maturity. These results suggest that modified environments may provide favorable conditions and that the species is not negatively affected by human influence.

scholarly journals Taxonomy, habitat choice and distribution of Kimunpsocus flavonimbatus (Rostock, 1879) comb. n. (Psocodea: ‘Psocoptera’: Psocidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Várkonyi ◽  
Charles Lienhard
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Habitat Choice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Habitat Specialist ◽  
Specialist Species ◽  
Habitat Specialist Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Bark Lice ◽  
A New Species

The bark lice Psocus flavonimbatus Rostock, 1879 and Ptycta chubsugulensis Günther, 1982 are assigned to the genus Kimunpsocus Yoshizawa, 2009. The male terminalia of K. flavonimbatus are described for the first time and compared to the corresponding structures of the other known species of the genus. Previously only known from the type locality in Estonia and the municipality of Kuhmo in Finland, K. flavonimbatus is now reported from 13 new sites and as a new species for four municipalities in eastern Central Finland. Analyses of an extensive material strongly suggest that K. flavonimbatus is a habitat-specialist species, confining its occurrence to pristine and semi-natural spruce-dominated forests. Nonetheless, its occurrence seems to be sporadic even in the old-growth forests. Forest structure of a subset of occupied and unoccupied sites is described and the conservation biology of K. flavonimbatus discussed.

scholarly journals Climate change and plant dispersal along corridors in fragmented landscapes of Mesoamerica

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 2917-2932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Imbach ◽  
Bruno Locatelli ◽  
Luis G. Molina ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Paul W. Leadley
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fragmented Landscapes ◽  
Plant Dispersal

Seed dispersal and realized gene flow of two forest orchids in a fragmented landscape

Plant Biology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kotilínek ◽  
T. Těšitelová ◽  
J. Košnar ◽  
P. Fibich ◽  
L. Hemrová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Fragmented Landscape
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