scholarly journals Energetic increases lead to niche packing in deep-sea wood falls

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 20180294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. McClain ◽  
Clifton Nunnally ◽  
Abbie S. A. Chapman ◽  
James P. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Functional Space ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Niche Space ◽  
Environmental Capacity ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Space Expansion

Mechanisms leading to variation in diversity over energetic gradients continue to challenge ecologists. Changes in diversity may reflect the environmental capacity to support species' coexistence through increased niche packing or niche space expansion. Current ecological theory predicts that increases in energy may lead to both scenarios but not their relative strengths. We use experimental deep-sea, wood-fall communities, where energy supply can be controlled, to test for the importance of niche expansion and packing in functional space over an energetic gradient. Invertebrate communities were identified and counted from 16 Acacia sp. logs ranging in size from 0.6 to 20.6 kg in mass (corresponding to energy availability) deployed at 3203 m in the Pacific Ocean for 5 years. We use four fundamental energetic species-level functional traits—food source, trophic category, motility and tiering—to characterize species niches. Increases in energy on wood falls lead to increases in species richness. This higher species richness resulted from a substantial increase in mean niche overlap, suggesting that increases in energy may afford reduced competition.

scholarly journals A biogeographic network reveals evolutionary links between deep-sea hydrothermal vent and methane seep faunas

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1844) ◽  
pp. 20162337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Kiel
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Subduction Zones ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Active Continental Margins ◽  
Ocean Ridge

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seeps are inhabited by members of the same higher taxa but share few species, thus scientists have long sought habitats or regions of intermediate character that would facilitate connectivity among these habitats. Here, a network analysis of 79 vent, seep, and whale-fall communities with 121 genus-level taxa identified sedimented vents as a main intermediate link between the two types of ecosystems. Sedimented vents share hot, metal-rich fluids with mid-ocean ridge-type vents and soft sediment with seeps. Such sites are common along the active continental margins of the Pacific Ocean, facilitating connectivity among vent/seep faunas in this region. By contrast, sedimented vents are rare in the Atlantic Ocean, offering an explanation for the greater distinction between its vent and seep faunas compared with those of the Pacific Ocean. The distribution of subduction zones and associated back-arc basins, where sedimented vents are common, likely plays a major role in the evolutionary and biogeographic connectivity of vent and seep faunas. The hypothesis that decaying whale carcasses are dispersal stepping stones linking these environments is not supported.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of the Pyrene-Degrading Bacterium Cycloclasticus sp. Strain P1

2012 ◽  
Vol 194 (23) ◽  
pp. 6677-6677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiliang Lai ◽  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Baojiang Wang ◽  
Zhiwei Yu ◽  
Zongze Shao
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

ABSTRACTCycloclasticussp. strain P1 was isolated from deep-sea sediments of the Pacific Ocean and characterized as a unique bacterium in the degradation of pyrene, a four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Here we report the complete genome of P1 and genes associated with PAH degradation.

scholarly journals Association of deep-sea incirrate octopods with manganese crusts and nodule fields in the Pacific Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. R1268-R1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Autun Purser ◽  
Yann Marcon ◽  
Henk-Jan T. Hoving ◽  
Michael Vecchione ◽  
Uwe Piatkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Taxonomy and biogeography of Molgolaimus Ditlevsen, 1921 (Nematoda: Chromadoria) with reference to the origins of deep sea nematodes

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Fonseca ◽  
Ann Vanreusel ◽  
Wilfrieda Decraemer
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Weddell Sea ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Total Community ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Molgolaimus is a genus of free-living marine nematodes which is found in high densities (10–35% of the total community) up to 2000 m depth. Its occurrence is often associated with organically enriched and recently disturbed areas. Currently, only 16 species have been described, mainly from shallow waters. The present study contributes 17 new species mainly from the Weddell Sea but also from the Pacific Ocean, and provides an illustrated polytomous identification key to species level. The 33 Molgolaimus species described can be identified based on just a few morphometric features: spicule length, body length, anal body diameter, tail length and pharynx length. A first insight into the biogeography of this deep sea genus at species level is presented. A comparison of morphometric characteristics between species suggests that the most similar species co-occur in the same geographical region, rather than within the same bathymetric zones or similar ecosystems separated over long distances. These observations suggest that deep sea nematodes may not have a common origin but might have derived “recently” from shallow water taxa. Therefore, global distribution of nematodes could be explained by means of palaeogeographical events.

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