scholarly journals Prenatal environment affects embryonic response to song

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 20170302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Colombelli-Négrel ◽  
Sonia Kleindorfer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Song Learning ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Song Rate ◽  
Malurus Cyaneus

Early environmental enrichment improves postnatal cognition in animals and humans. Here, we examined the effects of the prenatal acoustic environment (parental song rate) on prenatal attention in superb fairy-wren ( Malurus cyaneus ) embryos, the only songbird species with evidence of prenatal discrimination of maternal calls and in ovo call learning. Because both adults also sing throughout the incubation phase, we broadcast songs to embryos and measured their heart rate response in relation to parental song rate and tutor identity (familiarity, sex). Embryos from acoustically active families (high parental song rate) had the strongest response to songs. Embryos responded (i) strongest to male songs irrespective of familiarity with the singer, and (ii) strongest if their father had a high song rate during incubation. This is the first evidence for a prenatal physiological response to particular songs (potential tutors) in the egg, in relation to the prenatal acoustic environment, and before the sensitive period for song learning.

scholarly journals Prenatal learning in an Australian songbird: habituation and individual discrimination in superb fairy-wren embryos

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1797) ◽  
pp. 20141154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Colombelli-Négrel ◽  
Mark E. Hauber ◽  
Sonia Kleindorfer
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Parental Feeding ◽  
Individual Discrimination ◽  
Prenatal Learning ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Malurus Cyaneus

Embryos were traditionally considered to possess limited learning abilities because of the immaturity of their developing brains. By contrast, neonates from diverse species show behaviours dependent on prior embryonic experience. Stimulus discrimination is a key component of learning and has been shown by a handful of studies in non-human embryos. Superb fairy-wren embryos ( Malurus cyaneus ) learn a vocal password that has been taught to them by the attending female during incubation. The fairy-wren embryos use the learned element as their begging call after hatching to solicit more parental feeding. In this study, we test whether superb fairy-wren embryos have the capacity to discriminate between acoustical stimuli and whether they show non-associative learning. We measured embryonic heart rate response using a habituation/dishabituation paradigm with eggs sourced from nests in the wild. Fairy-wren embryos lowered their heart rate in response to the broadcasts of conspecific versus heterospecific calls, and in response to the calls of novel conspecific individuals. Thus, fairy-wrens join humans as vocal-learning species with known prenatal learning and individual discrimination.

The discriminative control of a conditioned heart rate response.

1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Bersh ◽  
Joseph M. Notterman ◽  
William N. Schoenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Discriminative Control ◽  
Conditioned Heart Rate

Effect of human galanin on the response of circulating catecholamines to hypoglycemia in man

1995 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore C degli Uberti ◽  
Maria R Ambrosio ◽  
Marta Bondanelli ◽  
Giorgio Transforini ◽  
Alberto Valentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Receptor Stimulation

degli Uberti EC, Ambrosio MR, Bondanelli M, Trasforini G, Valentini A, Rossi R, Margutti A, Campo M. Effect of human galanin on the response of circulating catecholamines to hypoglycemia in man. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:723–8. ISSN 0804–4643 Human galanin (hGAL) is a neuropeptide with 30 amino acid residues that has been found in the peripheral and central nervous system, where it often co-exists with catecholamines. In order to clarify the possible role of hGAL in the regulation of sympathoadrenomedullary function, the effect of a 60 min infusion of hGAL (80 pmol·kg−1 · min−1) on plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in nine healthy subjects was investigated. Human GAL administration significantly reduced both the release of basal norepinephrine and the response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, whereas it attenuated the epinephrine response by 26%, with the hGAL-induced decrease in epinephrine release failing to achieve statistical significance. Human GAL significantly increased the heart rate in resting conditions and clearly exaggerated the heart rate response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, whereas it had no effect on the blood pressure. We conclude that GAL receptor stimulation exerts an inhibitory effect on basal and insulin-induced hypoglycemia-stimulated release of norepinephrine. These findings provide further evidence that GAL may modulate sympathetic nerve activity in man but that it does not play an important role in the regulation of adrenal medullary function. Ettore C degli Uberti, Chair of Endocrinology, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Sources of Variation in Heart Rate Response to Infused Nicotine in Twins

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary E. Swan ◽  
Christina N. Lessov-Schlaggar ◽  
Ruth E. Krasnow ◽  
Kirk C. Wilhelmsen ◽  
Peyton Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Heart rate response to egg rotation in the domestic fowl embryo

1979 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Vince ◽  
J. V. Clarke ◽  
Margaret R. Reader
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Heart Rate Response
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