scholarly journals Physiological niche and geographical range in European diving beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 20160130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah Cioffi ◽  
A. John Moody ◽  
Andrés Millán ◽  
Richard A. Billington ◽  
David T. Bilton
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Range ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Combine Data ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Metabolic Plasticity ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Diving Beetles ◽  
Latitudinal Range

Geographical ranges vary greatly in size and position, even within recent clades, but the factors driving this remain poorly understood. In aquatic beetles, thermal niche has been shown to be related to both the relative range size and position of congeners but whether other physiological parameters play a role is unknown. Metabolic plasticity may be critical for species occupying more variable thermal environments and maintaining this plasticity may trade-off against other physiological processes such as immunocompetence. Here we combine data on thermal physiology with measures of metabolic plasticity and immunocompetence to explore these relationships in Deronectes (Dytiscidae). While variation in latitudinal range extent and position was explained in part by thermal physiology, aspects of metabolic plasticity and immunocompetence also appeared important. Northerly distributed, wide-ranging species apparently used different energy reserves under thermal stress from southern endemic congeners and differed in their antibacterial defences. This is the first indication that these processes may be related to geographical range, and suggests parameters that may be worthy of exploration in other taxa.

scholarly journals Thermal niche evolution and geographical range expansion in a species complex of western Mediterranean diving beetles

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amparo Hidalgo-Galiana ◽  
David Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
David T Bilton ◽  
Alexandra Cieslak ◽  
Ignacio Ribera
Keyword(s):  
Range Expansion ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Niche Evolution ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Diving Beetles

scholarly journals Sports health quantification method and system implementation based on multiple thermal physiology simulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayun Zhu ◽  
Sanaa Sharaf ◽  
Basel Jamal Ali
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Heat Stress Response ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract People exercising under high ambient temperature will cause changes in physiological indicators. In order to study the thermal physiological state of the human body, we randomly selected 18 volunteers into the thermal environment exercise group and the room temperature exercise group. Two groups of volunteers performed aerobic exercises in different thermal environments. In the case of exercise performed every 15 min, the volunteers’ hemorheology, physical performance rating (RPE) value and rectal temperature (Tre) were tested. At the same time, we recorded the physiological indicators of the volunteers and simulated the thermal physiology. The results showed that there was a difference in the thermal physiology of the two groups of volunteers, and the hemorheology and the self-strain rating scale were highly correlated in the thermal environment (r=0.839, P<0.01). For this reason, we can conclude that exercising in a hot environment will make people have a heavier heat stress response, and thus render them more likely to undergo muscle fatigue. It is advised that exercising at high temperatures may be avoided as much as possible.

scholarly journals Geographical range, heat tolerance and invasion success in aquatic species

2013 ◽  
Vol 280 (1772) ◽  
pp. 20131958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E. Bates ◽  
Catherine M. McKelvie ◽  
Cascade J. B. Sorte ◽  
Simon A. Morley ◽  
Nicholas A. R. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Introduced Populations ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Latitudinal Range

Species with broader geographical ranges are expected to be ecological generalists, while species with higher heat tolerances may be relatively competitive at more extreme and increasing temperatures. Thus, both traits are expected to relate to increased survival during transport to new regions of the globe, and once there, establishment and spread. Here, we explore these expectations using datasets of latitudinal range breadth and heat tolerance in freshwater and marine invertebrates and fishes. After accounting for the latitude and hemisphere of each species’ native range, we find that species introduced to freshwater systems have broader geographical ranges in comparison to native species. Moreover, introduced species are more heat tolerant than related native species collected from the same habitats. We further test for differences in range breadth and heat tolerance in relation to invasion success by comparing species that have established geographically restricted versus extensive introduced distributions. We find that geographical range size is positively related to invasion success in freshwater species only. However, heat tolerance is implicated as a trait correlated to widespread occurrence of introduced populations in both freshwater and marine systems. Our results emphasize the importance of formal risk assessments before moving heat tolerant species to novel locations.

scholarly journals Thermal physiology and thermoregulatory behaviour exhibit low heritability despite genetic divergence between lizard populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1878) ◽  
pp. 20180697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Logan ◽  
John David Curlis ◽  
Anthony L. Gilbert ◽  
Donald B. Miles ◽  
Albert K. Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Performance Curves ◽  
Brown Anole ◽  
Thermoregulatory Behaviour

Ectothermic species are particularly sensitive to changes in temperature and may adapt to changes in thermal environments through evolutionary shifts in thermal physiology or thermoregulatory behaviour. Nevertheless, the heritability of thermal traits, which sets a limit on evolutionary potential, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we captured brown anole lizards ( Anolis sagrei ) from two populations that occur in contrasting thermal environments. We raised offspring from these populations in a laboratory common garden and compared the shape of their thermal performance curves to test for genetic divergence in thermal physiology. Thermal performance curves differed between populations in a common garden in ways partially consistent with divergent patterns of natural selection experienced by the source populations, implying that they had evolved in response to selection. Next, we estimated the heritability of thermal performance curves and of several traits related to thermoregulatory behaviour. We did not detect significant heritability in most components of the thermal performance curve or in several aspects of thermoregulatory behaviour, suggesting that contemporary selection is unlikely to result in rapid evolution. Our results indicate that the response to selection may be slow in the brown anole and that evolutionary change is unlikely to keep pace with current rates of environmental change.

scholarly journals Thermal niche evolution across replicatedAnolislizard adaptive radiations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex R. Gunderson ◽  
D. Luke Mahler ◽  
Manuel Leal
Keyword(s):  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Niche Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Adaptive Radiations

AbstractElucidating how ecological and evolutionary mechanisms interact to produce and maintain biodiversity is a fundamental problem in evolutionary ecology. We investigate this issue by focusing on how physiological evolution affects performance and species coexistence along the thermal niche axis in replicated radiations ofAnolislizards, groups best known for resource partitioning based on morphological divergence. We find repeated divergence in thermal physiology within these radiations, and that this divergence significantly affects performance within natural thermal environments. Morphologically similar species that co-occur invariably differ in their thermal physiology, providing evidence that physiological divergence facilitates species co-existence within anole communities. Despite repeated divergence in traits of demonstrable ecological importance, phylogenetic comparative analyses indicate that physiological traits have evolved more slowly than key morphological traits related to the structural niche. Phylogenetic analyses also reveal that physiological divergence is correlated with divergence in broad-scale habitat climatic features commonly used to estimate thermal niche evolution, but that the latter incompletely predicts variation in the former. We provide comprehensive evidence for repeated adaptive evolution of physiological divergence withinAnolisadaptive radiations, including the complementary roles of physiological and morphological divergence in promoting community-level diversity. We recommend greater integration of performance-based traits into analyses of climatic niche evolution, as they facilitate a more complete understanding of the phenotypic and ecological consequences of climatic divergence.

scholarly journals Thermal niche evolution across replicated Anolis lizard adaptive radiations

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1877) ◽  
pp. 20172241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex R. Gunderson ◽  
D. Luke Mahler ◽  
Manuel Leal
Keyword(s):  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Morphological Divergence ◽  
Thermal Physiology ◽  
Niche Evolution ◽  
Thermal Niche ◽  
Anolis Lizard ◽  
Adaptive Radiations

Elucidating how ecological and evolutionary mechanisms interact to produce and maintain biodiversity is a fundamental problem in evolutionary ecology. Here, we focus on how physiological evolution affects performance and species coexistence along the thermal niche axis in replicated radiations of Anolis lizards best known for resource partitioning based on morphological divergence. We find repeated divergence in thermal physiology within these radiations, and that this divergence significantly affects performance within natural thermal environments. Morphologically similar species that co-occur invariably differ in their thermal physiology, providing evidence that physiological divergence facilitates species coexistence within anole communities. Despite repeated divergence, phylogenetic comparative analyses indicate that physiological traits have evolved more slowly than key morphological traits related to the structural niche. Phylogenetic analyses also reveal that physiological divergence is correlated with divergence in broad-scale habitat climatic features commonly used to estimate thermal niche evolution, but that the latter incompletely predicts variation in the former. We provide comprehensive evidence for repeated adaptive evolution of physiological divergence within Anolis adaptive radiations, including the complementary roles of physiological and morphological divergence in promoting community-level diversity. We recommend greater integration of performance-based traits into analyses of climatic niche evolution, as they facilitate a more complete understanding of the phenotypic and ecological consequences of climatic divergence.

Annual changes in corticosterone and its response to handling, tagging and short-term captivity in Nyctibatrachus humayuni

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Amruta M. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Corticosterone Metabolites ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Effective Conservation ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are primarily involved in mobilising energy reserves to various physiological processes including reproduction. During situations of stress, GCs also help in coping with stress by diverting energy away from processes such as growth and reproduction. Hence, studying annual and seasonal changes in GCs of wild populations can help in understanding their role in stress management and reproduction. The quantification of GCs in wild animals involves capturing, handling and restraining, which could be stressful. Moreover, different species may exhibit differential sensitivity to different stressors. Hence, determining species-specific sensitivities and responses to different stressors may help in developing effective conservation measures. In this context, we studied the annual and seasonal variations in corticosterone metabolites of the Bombay night frog, Nyctibatrachus humayuni. In addition, the effects of handling, marking and short-term captivity (24 h) on corticosterone metabolite levels of N. humayuni were determined. Our results show that urinary corticosterone metabolites (UCM) varied significantly annually and between the sexes; in males, the levels were highest during the breeding season, whilst in females, the levels were highest just before the breeding season. Interestingly, UCM levels of both the sexes were not affected by tagging with visual implant elastomer (VIE), and by short-term captivity, suggesting that these manipulations were not stressful in terms of corticosterone responses.

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