scholarly journals Dominance is not always an honest signal of male quality, but females may be able to detect the dishonesty

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20121002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Pölkki ◽  
Raine Kortet ◽  
Ann Hedrick ◽  
Markus J. Rantala
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Male Competition ◽  
Male Dominance ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
Male Quality ◽  
Honest Signal ◽  
Gryllus Integer

Females prefer dominant males as mating partners in numerous species. Male dominance rank is considered as an honest signal of male quality, because only healthy males in good condition are thought to be able to win fights with other males. Here, we tested whether activation of the immune system influences the success of males in male–male competition and mating in the field cricket, Gryllus integer . We activated the immune system of males with a nylon monofilament (to mimic a parasitoid larva), and arranged fights between male pairs to assess male dominance and associated mating success. Activation of the immune system with nylon monofilament substantially enhanced the fighting success of males during male–male competition but had no effect on mating success. However, sham-manipulation (a wound only) did not have any effect on fighting success although females mated more often with dominant males. Our study suggests that when male crickets meet an apparent survival threat they may behave more dominantly, probably owing to terminal investment. Male success during male–male competition is not always an honest signal of males’ quality, but females may be able to detect this dishonesty.

scholarly journals Male quality, dominance rank, and mating success in free-ranging rhesus macaques

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Georgiev ◽  
Michael P. Muehlenbein ◽  
Sean P. Prall ◽  
Melissa Emery Thompson ◽  
Dario Maestripieri
Keyword(s):  
Mating Success ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Male Quality ◽  
Free Ranging

scholarly journals Chest beats as an honest signal of body size in male mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Wright ◽  
Sven Grawunder ◽  
Eric Ndayishimiye ◽  
Jordi Galbany ◽  
Shannon C. McFarlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Dominance Rank ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Honest Signal ◽  
Sexual Competition ◽  
Mountain Gorillas ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Gorilla Beringei Beringei ◽  
Vocal Signals

AbstractAcoustic signals that reliably indicate body size, which usually determines competitive ability, are of particular interest for understanding how animals assess rivals and choose mates. Whereas body size tends to be negatively associated with formant dispersion in animal vocalizations, non-vocal signals have received little attention. Among the most emblematic sounds in the animal kingdom is the chest beat of gorillas, a non-vocal signal that is thought to be important in intra and inter-sexual competition, yet it is unclear whether it reliably indicates body size. We examined the relationship among body size (back breadth), peak frequency, and three temporal characteristics of the chest beat: duration, number of beats and beat rate from sound recordings of wild adult male mountain gorillas. Using linear mixed models, we found that larger males had significantly lower peak frequencies than smaller ones, but we found no consistent relationship between body size and the temporal characteristics measured. Taken together with earlier findings of positive correlations among male body size, dominance rank and reproductive success, we conclude that the gorilla chest beat is an honest signal of competitive ability. These results emphasize the potential of non-vocal signals to convey important information in mammal communication.

scholarly journals Male competition and the evolution of mating and life-history traits in experimental populations of Aedes aegypti

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1904) ◽  
pp. 20190591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alima Qureshi ◽  
Andrew Aldersley ◽  
Brian Hollis ◽  
Alongkot Ponlawat ◽  
Lauren J. Cator
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Male Competition ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Male Mating Success ◽  
Reproductive Control ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Mating Conditions

Aedes aegypti is an important disease vector and a major target of reproductive control efforts. We manipulated the opportunity for sexual selection in populations of Ae . aegypti by controlling the number of males competing for a single female. Populations exposed to higher levels of male competition rapidly evolved higher male competitive mating success relative to populations evolved in the absence of competition, with an evolutionary response visible after only five generations. We also detected correlated evolution in other important mating and life-history traits, such as acoustic signalling, fecundity and body size. Our results indicate that there is ample segregating variation for determinants of male mating competitiveness in wild populations and that increased male mating success trades-off with other important life-history traits. The mating conditions imposed on laboratory-reared mosquitoes are likely a significant determinant of male mating success in populations destined for release.

Sexual size dimorphism in the American rubyspot: male body size predicts male competition and mating success

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Serrano-Meneses ◽  
A. Córdoba-Aguilar ◽  
V. Méndez ◽  
S.J. Layen ◽  
T. Székely
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Male Competition ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Male Body Size

scholarly journals Anosmia pada COVID-19: Studi Neurobiologi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Dwi Martha Nur Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Educational Material ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nutritious Food

Abstract— A few months ago there was Covid-19 virus outbreak by SARS-CoV-19 virus which has clinical manifestations, one of which is Anosmia. Anosmia cause patient was experienced smell’s decreasing which causes psychological problems that loss of comfort and appetite. This condition may also cause imunity’s decreasing in patient. Anosmia in Covid-19 patients could be temporary, if the body's immune system is maintained in good condition, one of the factors is continuing provide healthy and nutritious food intake, even though in tasteless conditions. Therefore, this article can be used as an educational material for the public, how to understand the neurobiological conditions of anosmia in Covid-19, further to avoid depressed due to loss of taste which could be lead to loss appetite. Keywords: Covid-19, Anosmia, Neurobiology Abstrak— Beberapa bulan lalu telah terjadi penyebaran wabah virus Covid-19 oleh SARS-CoV-19 virus yang memiliki manifestasi klinis salah satunya adalah Anosmia. Kondisi anosmia menyebabkan kondisi pasien mengalami penurunan daya penciuman yang menyebabkan gangguan psikologis berupa kehilangan rasa nyaman dan kehilangan napsu makan. Kondisi ini sudah barang tentu akan menyebabkan penurunan daya imunitas pasien. Anosmia pada pasien Covid-19 bersifat sementara, apabila daya imunitas tubuh tetap dijaga dalam keadaan baik, salah satu faktornya adalah tetap memberikan asupan makan sehat dan bergizi, meskipun dalam kondisi tasteless. Oleh karena itu, dengan adanya artikel ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan edukasi kepada khalayak, bagaimana memahami kondisi anosmia pada Covid-19 secara neurobiologi, sehingga dapat menghindarkan rasa depresi karena kehilangan rasa akan makaman yang dapat menyebabkan turunnya napsu makan. Kata kunci: Covid-19, Anosmia, Neurobiologi

scholarly journals Dual functions of a melanin-based ornament in the common yellowthroat

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1568) ◽  
pp. 1121-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A Tarof ◽  
Peter O Dunn ◽  
Linda A Whittingham
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Female Choice ◽  
Female Mate Choice ◽  
Male Competition ◽  
Male Quality ◽  
Female Mate ◽  
Common Yellowthroat ◽  
Mask Size ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dual Functions

Melanin-based ornaments often function as signals in male–male competition, whereas carotenoid-based ornaments appear to be important in female mate choice. This difference in function is thought to occur because carotenoid pigments are more costly to produce than melanins and are thus more reliable indicators of male quality. We examined the role of melanin- and carotenoid-based ornaments in male–male competition and female choice in the common yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas , a sexually dichromatic passerine. Males display a black facial mask produced by melanin pigmentation and a bright yellow bib (throat, breast and belly) produced by carotenoid pigmentation. In controlled aviary experiments, mask size was the best predictor of both male–male competition and female mate choice, and, therefore, mask size may be regarded as an ornament of dual function. These dual functions may help to maintain the reliability of mask size as an indicator of male quality, despite the potentially low cost of production. The size of the bib was unrelated to male–male competition or female choice, but there was a tendency for females to prefer males with more colourful bibs. We propose that the black mask is important in competition for territories with other males and for attracting females. Our results highlight the need for more studies of the mechanisms of sexual selection in species with ornaments composed of different pigment types.

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