scholarly journals Accelerometry predicts daily energy expenditure in a bird with high activity levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20120919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle H. Elliott ◽  
Maryline Le Vaillant ◽  
Akiko Kato ◽  
John R. Speakman ◽  
Yan Ropert-Coudert
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Parsimonious Model

Animal ecology is shaped by energy costs, yet it is difficult to measure fine-scale energy expenditure in the wild. Because metabolism is often closely correlated with mechanical work, accelerometers have the potential to provide detailed information on energy expenditure of wild animals over fine temporal scales. Nonetheless, accelerometry needs to be validated on wild animals, especially across different locomotory modes. We merged data collected on 20 thick-billed murres ( Uria lomvia ) from miniature accelerometers with measurements of daily energy expenditure over 24 h using doubly labelled water. Across three different locomotory modes (swimming, flying and movement on land), dynamic body acceleration was a good predictor of daily energy expenditure as measured independently by doubly labelled water ( R 2 = 0.73). The most parsimonious model suggested that different equations were needed to predict energy expenditure from accelerometry for flying than for surface swimming or activity on land ( R 2 = 0.81). Our results demonstrate that accelerometers can provide an accurate integrated measure of energy expenditure in wild animals using many different locomotory modes.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Daily Energy Expenditure of Commercial Saturation Divers Using Doubly Labelled Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjoy K. Deb ◽  
Eimear Dolan ◽  
Catherine Hambly ◽  
John R. Speakman ◽  
Olav Eftedal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dive Depth ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Measurement Period

Commercial saturation divers are exposed to unique environmental conditions and are required to conduct work activity underwater. Consequently, divers’ physiological status is shown to be perturbed and therefore, appropriate strategies and guidance are required to manage the stress and adaptive response. This study aimed to evaluate the daily energy expenditure (DEE) of commercial saturation divers during a 21-day diving operation in the North Sea. Ten saturation divers were recruited during a diving operation with a living depth of 72 metres seawater (msw) and a maximum working dive depth of 81 msw. Doubly labelled water (DLW) was used to calculate DEE during a 10-day measurement period. Energy intake was also recorded during this period by maintaining a dietary log. The mean DEE calculated was 3030.9 ± 513.0 kcal/day, which was significantly greater than the mean energy intake (1875.3 ± 487.4 kcal; p = 0.005). There was also a strong positive correction correlation between DEE and total time spent performing underwater work (r = 0.7, p = 0.026). The results suggested saturation divers were in a negative energy balance during the measurement period with an intraindividual variability in the energy cost present that may be influenced by time spent underwater.

scholarly journals Small actions, big costs: the behavioural energetics of a commercially important invertebrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (72) ◽  
pp. 1486-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Robson ◽  
Laurent Chauvaud ◽  
Rory P. Wilson ◽  
Lewis G. Halsey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Time Budgets ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Feeding Behaviours

Anthropogenic disturbance of farmed animals can be detrimental by adversely affecting behaviours and metabolic rate, potentially reducing their commercial value. However, relatively little is known about the normal behavioural time budgets and associated metabolism of many such species, particularly for example pectinid bivalves, which use anaerobic metabolism during periods of short-burst activity. In the present study, we used the accelerometry technique to measure scallop overall dynamic body acceleration in combination with respirometry in order to obtain and compare the behavioural time budgets and associated metabolism of 10 scallops, Pecten maximus , in an aquaculture hatchery and 10 in the wild. Scallops in the wild typically spent only 0.1 per cent of the time moving (less than 2 min d −1 ), yet, on average, the estimated metabolism of such movement represented 16.8 per cent of daily energy expenditure. Furthermore, owing to their reliance on anaerobic pathways during such activity, movement resulted in the wild scallops having a raised metabolic rate for, on average, an estimated 7.8 per cent of the time, during which oxygen debts accumulated during movement were paid off. Hatchery scallops also typically spent only 0.1 per cent of the time moving but estimated metabolism of such movement represented 41.8 per cent of daily energy expenditure. Estimated mean daily metabolism of scallops in the hatchery was significantly higher than scallops in the wild (169.1 versus 120.7 mg O 2 d −1 ) because anthropogenic disturbance in the hatchery caused energetically costly non-feeding behaviours. Consequently, hatchery scallops also spent a far greater amount of time with a raised metabolic rate (an estimated 26.6% of the time) than wild scallops. While short-term bursts of movement in pectinid bivalves may appear innocuous, they result in large expenditures of energy and an oxygen debt that is paid off over long periods of time that together limit further movement. These findings have implications for the farming industry; mitigating anthropogenic disturbances to farmed colonies may minimize non-feeding behaviours and hence maximize growth rates by reducing the costs of such movements and increasing the opportunity to feed.

Metabolic and behavioural consequences of the procedures of the doubly labelled water technique on white (MF1) mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 157 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Speakman ◽  
P. A. Racey ◽  
A. M. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
General Activity ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Behavioural Repertoire

The effects of the doubly labelled water technique (intraperitoneal injection, temporary food deprivation and blood sampling) on the energy expenditure, food intake and behaviour of 18 white (MF1) mice was investigated. There were no significant differences in mean energy expenditure or food intake between experimental and control animals, on which the techniques were not performed, over the first 24 h after manipulation. These data indicate that there are no direct metabolic consequences associated with the procedures. During the 100 min immediately after blood sampling, the behaviour of experimental animals involved significantly more grooming, mostly at the site of the blood sample wound, more feeding and more general activity, at the expense of resting, when compared with controls. Twenty hours later the behavioural differences were less marked, but still statistically significantly different, and reversed: experimental animals spent more time resting and less in general activity or feeding. The effects of the technique on the behaviour of white mice had trivial consequences for their daily energy expenditure. This may reflect the restricted behavioural repertoire of these captive animals within respirometry chambers. The effect on wild animals may be more profound and requires investigation.

scholarly journals Sex, Ethnic and Socio-Economic Differences in Children’s Physical Activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorayne Woodfield ◽  
Michael Duncan ◽  
Yahya Al-Nakeeb ◽  
Alan Nevill ◽  
Charles Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
School Year ◽  
Asian Children ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Relationship Of

The present study examines the relationship of sex, ethnicity, and socio-economic status to physical activity levels of young people. Participants were 301 males and females (12.9 – 0.81 years). Physical activity was measured using the four by one-day physical activity recall questionnaire. ANOVA revealed that high socio-economic status children reported greater average daily energy expenditure levels than low socio-economic status children (p < .01). The daily energy expenditure of white-Caucasian children was significantly higher than black or Asian children. White boys were significantly more active than white girls, but no such sex differences were observed among black and Asian children. Although activity was always greater at weekends, a decline in activity by school year was observed on Saturdays and Sundays but with no such decline observed on weekdays.

The foraging behaviour and energetics of wandering albatrosses brooding chicks

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P.Y Arnould ◽  
D.R. Briggs ◽  
J.P. Croxall ◽  
P.A. Prince ◽  
A.G. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Satellite Telemetry ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Diomedea Exulans ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Daily Energy

The energy expenditure of ten (five male, five female) wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans Linnaeus 1758) brooding chicks on Bird Island, South Georgia, was measured using doubly-labelled water. At-sea foraging behaviour was measured in the same individuals using satellite telemetry and leg-mounted activity recorders. Mean mass-specific daily energy expenditure was 341 kJ kg−1 day−1 during a mean of 4.12 days at sea and did not differ between the sexes. This is significantly lower than previously reported for the species and the lowest recorded for any albatross. There were no significant relationships between energy expenditure and the proportion of time spent flying (59.7%), distance flown (1448 km) or average speed (16.5 km h−1) suggesting that flying is not the most energetically expensive activity during foraging trips.

scholarly journals Exploring the Occupational Physical Activity Levels in young Adult Restaurant Servers.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Patricia K. Doyle-Baker ◽  
Patricia K. Doyle-Baker ◽  
Heather E. Wray
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Daily Energy

Physical activity (PA) decreases in late adolescence and young adulthood when this age cohort enters the workforce with many being employed in the foodservice industry. Daily energy expenditure can be divided between occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Although LTPA is known to be associated with positive health benefits, a limited number of studies have investigated the influence of OPA on LTPA in young restaurant servers. This study measured via accelerometry, OPA and LTPA for a 7-day period from a sample of young adult servers (n = 7, 23-29 years old) from two restaurants. Resting metabolic rate was measured via indirect calorimetry and inputted into the AMP 331 accelerometer for energy expenditure calculations. Energy expenditure patterns were compared to age- and sex-specific normative data, occupational classifications, and the Canadian PA Guidelines to Healthy Active Living (CPAG). Energy expenditure results and step count values were higher for working versus non-working days and working versus non-working periods. Daily, working energy expenditure was approximately equal to normative data, while non-working daily energy expenditure was lower. The working period energy expenditure placed this population in the ‘exceptionally active’ OPA classification. Minimum PA levels, based on CPAG were met each day, however 10,000-steps-per-day were only achieved on working days. None of the participants logged LTPA and therefore 100% of their PA came from OPA. More research is needed over a longer duration and at different times in the year to identify the effect OPA has on LTPA in this population.

scholarly journals Acceleration predicts energy expenditure in a fat, flightless, diving bird

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Hicks ◽  
Akiko Kato ◽  
Frederic Angelier ◽  
Danuta M. Wisniewska ◽  
Catherine Hambly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Combine Data ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Parsimonious Model ◽  
Diving Bird ◽  
Calibration Equations ◽  
Free Living Conditions ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

AbstractEnergy drives behaviour and life history decisions, yet it can be hard to measure at fine scales in free-moving animals. Accelerometry has proven a powerful tool to estimate energy expenditure, but requires calibration in the wild. This can be difficult in some environments, or for particular behaviours, and validations have produced equivocal results in some species, particularly air-breathing divers. It is, therefore, important to calibrate accelerometry across different behaviours to understand the most parsimonious way to estimate energy expenditure in free-living conditions. Here, we combine data from miniaturised acceleration loggers on 58 free-living Adélie penguins with doubly labelled water (DLW) measurements of their energy expenditure over several days. Across different behaviours, both in water and on land, dynamic body acceleration was a good predictor of independently measured DLW-derived energy expenditure (R2 = 0.72). The most parsimonious model suggested different calibration coefficients are required to predict behaviours on land versus foraging behaviour in water (R2 = 0.75). Our results show that accelerometry can be used to reliably estimate energy expenditure in penguins, and we provide calibration equations for estimating metabolic rate across several behaviours in the wild.

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