scholarly journals Is Mycobacterium bovis in the environment important for the persistence of bovine tuberculosis?

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Courtenay ◽  
L.A Reilly ◽  
F.P Sweeney ◽  
V Hibberd ◽  
S Bryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Significant Source ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
Route Of Infection ◽  
Environmental Reservoir ◽  
Cattle Farms ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle and wildlife. Direct aerosol contact is thought to be the primary route of infection between conspecifics, whereas indirect transmission via an environmental reservoir of M. bovis is generally perceived not to be a significant source for infection. Here, we report on the application of molecular technology (PCR) to quantify the prevalence of M. bovis in the environment and to explore its epidemiological significance. We show that the detectability of viable M. bovis at badger setts and latrines is strongly linked to the frequency of M. bovis excretion by infected badgers, and that putative M. bovis in the environment is prevalent on a large proportion of endemic cattle farms in Britain. These results raise important questions about the role of an environmental reservoir in bTB persistence.

scholarly journals Genome Sequences of Five Mycobacterium bovis Strains Isolated from Farmed Animals and Wildlife in Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. e00258-18
Author(s):  
Olga Andrievskaia ◽  
Marc-Olivier Duceppe ◽  
Dara Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, an infectious disease that affects both animals and humans and thus presents a risk to public health and the livestock industry. Here, we report the genome sequences of five Mycobacterium bovis strains that represent major genotype clusters observed in farmed animals and wildlife in Canada.

scholarly journals Proposal of a Screening MIRU-VNTR Panel for the Preliminary Genotyping ofMycobacterium bovisin Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Bolado-Martínez ◽  
Iliana Benavides-Dávila ◽  
Maria del Carmen Candia-Plata ◽  
Moisés Navarro-Navarro ◽  
Magali Avilés-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Allelic Variability ◽  
High Discriminatory Power ◽  
Geographic Regions

Mycobacterium bovisis the major causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, one of the most relevant zoonoses in the world, and affects a wide range of wild and domesticated animals. Development of screening panels in mycobacterial genotyping, according to specific geographical regions, is strongly needed. The aim of this study is to select a panel, constituted by highly polymorphic MIRU-VNTRloci, to discriminate clinical isolates ofM. bovisin Mexico. In this study, 65 isolates ofM. bovisobtained from clinical bovine samples proceeding from different geographic regions of Mexico were identified by phenotypic and genotypic tests and subsequently genotyped by a 24-locusMIRU-VNTR panel. The most polymorphiclociwere selected to build a panel with a high discriminatory power similar to the 24-locuspanel results. A panel of seven elements (QUB 11a, MIRU 26, ETR-A, QUB 26, MIRU 16, MIRU 27, and MIRU 39) with the highest allelic diversity showed an appropriate differentiation. The selected MIRU-VNTR elements, according to the regional allelic variability, may be used in the preliminary genotyping ofMycobacterium bovisisolates in Mexico.

scholarly journals An Effort to Isolate Mycobacterium bovis from Environmental Substrates during Investigations of Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Sites (Cattle Farms and Wildlife Areas) in Michigan, USA

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E. Fine ◽  
Daniel J. O'Brien ◽  
Scott R. Winterstein ◽  
John B. Kaneene
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Mycobacterial Culture ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
Tuberculosis Transmission ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Cattle Farms

Deer movements on cattle farms, wildlife feeding, and livestock management practices in Michigan are thought to create opportunities for indirect transmission of Mycobacterium bovis via environmental substrates. To confirm the presence of viable M. bovis in the environment, substrates were collected from 13 farms with culture-confirmed M. bovis in cattle and 5 sites with high prevalence of M. bovis in free-ranging deer. None of the samples processed for mycobacterial culture were positive for M. bovis. Agent, host, and landscape-level factors decrease the probability of detecting M. bovis in the environment using conventional mycobacterial culture. Molecular techniques that increase the probability of M. bovis detection in environmental substrates should be applied to known sites of M. bovis transmission in Michigan. In the interim, epidemiological investigations informed by experimental studies will be most effective in characterizing M. bovis persistence in the environment and its role in the indirect interspecies transmission of M. bovis.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication Mechanism and Its Risk Factors in England’s Cattle Farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3451
Author(s):  
Tabassom Sedighi ◽  
Liz Varga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dynamic Bayesian Network ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Complex Evaluation ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Cattle Farms

Controlling bovine tuberculosis (bTB) disease in cattle farms in England is seen as a challenge for farmers, animal health, environment and policy-makers. The difficulty in diagnosis and controlling bTB comes from a variety of factors: the lack of an accurate diagnostic test which is higher in specificity than the currently available skin test; isolation periods for purchased cattle; and the density of active badgers, especially in high-risk areas. In this paper, to enable the complex evaluation of bTB disease, a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) is designed with the help of domain experts and available historical data. A significant advantage of this approach is that it represents bTB as a dynamic process that evolves periodically, capturing the actual experience of testing and infection over time. Moreover, the model demonstrates the influence of particular risk factors upon the risk of bTB breakdown in cattle farms.

scholarly journals Immune Responses to Defined Antigens of Mycobacterium bovis in Cattle Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium kansasii

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Waters ◽  
M. V. Palmer ◽  
T. C. Thacker ◽  
J. B. Payeur ◽  
N. B. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Specific Serum ◽  
Specific Proteins

ABSTRACT Cross-reactive responses elicited by exposure to nontuberculous mycobacteria often confound the interpretation of antemortem tests for Mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle. The use of specific proteins (e.g., ESAT-6, CFP-10, and MPB83), however, generally enhances the specificity of bovine tuberculosis tests. While genes for these proteins are absent from many nontuberculous mycobacteria, they are present in M. kansasii. Instillation of M. kansasii into the tonsillar crypts of calves elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity and in vitro gamma interferon and nitrite concentration responses of leukocytes to M. avium and M. bovis purified protein derivatives (PPDs). While the responses of M. kansasii-inoculated calves to M. avium and M. bovis PPDs were approximately equivalent, the responses of M. bovis-inoculated calves to M. bovis PPD exceeded their respective responses to M. avium PPD. The gamma interferon and nitrite responses of M. kansasii-inoculated calves to recombinant ESAT-6-CFP-10 (rESAT-6-CFP-10) exceeded corresponding responses of noninoculated calves as early as 15 and 30 days after inoculation, respectively, and persisted throughout the study. The gamma interferon and nitrite responses of M. bovis-inoculated calves to rESAT-6-CFP-10 exceeded the corresponding responses of M. kansasii-inoculated calves beginning 30 days after inoculation. By using a lipoarabinomannan-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, specific serum antibodies were detected as early as 50 days after challenge with M. kansasii. By a multiantigen print immunoassay and immunoblotting, serum antibodies to MPB83, but not ESAT-6 or CFP-10, were detected in M. kansasii-inoculated calves; however, responses to MPB83 were notably weaker than those elicited by M. bovis infection. These findings indicate that M. kansasii infection of calves elicits specific responses that may confound the interpretation of bovine tuberculosis tests.

scholarly journals Epidemiological Significance of the Domestic Black Pig (Sus scrofa) in Maintenance of Bovine Tuberculosis in Sicily

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Di Marco ◽  
P. Mazzone ◽  
M. T. Capucchio ◽  
M. B. Boniotti ◽  
V. Aronica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Epidemiological Significance

scholarly journals Use of ethanol extract of Mycobacterium bovis for detection of specific antibodies in sera of farmed red deer (Cervus elaphus) with bovine tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Wadhwa ◽  
Rachel E Johnson ◽  
Colin G Mackintosh ◽  
J Frank T Griffin ◽  
W Waters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Specific Antibodies
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