Deep Sedation With Sevoflurane Inhalation via a Nasal Hood for Brief Dental Procedures in Pediatric Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 926-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Oh Kim ◽  
Young-Jae Kim ◽  
Hong-Keun Hyun ◽  
Yong-Seo Koo ◽  
Teo Jeon Shin
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Dental Procedures

scholarly journals Safety and effectiveness of deep sedation in pediatric patients undergoing flexible fibroscopy in spontaneous breathing

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Breathing ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Invasive Diagnostics

Invasive diagnostics and minor surgical procedures with deep sedation on pediatric patients, such as fibroscopic examination, have increased over the past decade. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and safety of an anesthesiological technique, based on the use of midazolam and ketamine, conducted in spontaneous breathing on a population of pediatric patients with suspected tracheobronchial pathologies. Pediatric patients from birth to 18 years old who underwent sedation diagnostic fibroscopy between April 2018 and March 2019, were enrolled. The anesthesiological technique provided was the intravenous administration of midazolam 0.2 mg/kg and ketamine 2 mg/kg in spontaneous breathing using a face mask with support of O2 and air. Vital signs such as Heart rate (HR), Systolic and Diastolic blood pressure (PAS and PAD) and Arterial oxygen saturation were recorded at the beginning of the procedure, 10 minutes and 30 minutes from the start. Other parameter evaluated were patient’s level of consciousness, quality of the procedure, major and minor complications, adequate recovery of the waking state. Sixteen patients were enrolled, 12 males and 4 females aged between 2 days of life and 7 years. Laryngomalacia tracheomalacia, tracheoesophageal fistula, and congenital airway malformations were the most frequent diseases. As for vital signs: the HR has gone from an average value of 133.4 ± 16.26 bpm at T0 to an average value of 129.3 ± 16.55 bpm at T10 and 133.7 ± 17.35 bpm at T30; PAS and PAD had not significant variations. Among drugs available for the fibroscopic examinations, the combined use of intravenous midazolam 0.2 mg/kg and ketamine 2 mg/kg is safe and well tolerated, reducing the anxiety associated with the examination, without major complications. The current literature is lacking in studies that have included such small and low weight patients. It would be interesting to make a comparison between various sedation techniques in order to identify the safest for the pediatric population.

TRANSIENT BACTEREMIA DURING DENTAL MANIPULATION IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-479
Author(s):  
Frederic A. Berry ◽  
Sandra Yarbrough ◽  
Nelson Yarbrough ◽  
Catherine M. Russell ◽  
Martha A. Carpenter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Recovery Room ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Nasotracheal Intubation ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Dental Abnormalities ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Carious Teeth

Pediatric patients with moderate to severe dental abnormalities were screened for bacteremia during restoration and/or extraction of carious teeth under general anesthesia. Blood cultures were obtained before nasotracheal intubation, after intubation, after restoration of carious teeth but before extraction, following extraction of teeth, and in the immediate postoperative period. All cultures before intubation were negative in the 34 children studied. Twelve percent were positive after nasotracheal intubation (p < .05), 16% were positive after restoration of carious teeth (p < 0.025), 65% were positive after extraction of carious teeth (p < .0005), and 14% were positive in the recovery room (p < .025). Although the incidence of bacteremia in these pediatric patients was lower than the incidence reported in adults following dental procedures, the need for the prophylactic administration of antibiotics in children with heart disease who are to undergo dental manipulations is clear.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pre-cooling the Injection Site on Pediatric Pain Perception during the Administration of Local Anesthesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Asl Aminabadi ◽  
Ramin Mostofi Zadeh Farahani
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Topical Anesthesia ◽  
Pediatric Pain ◽  
Dental Procedures

Abstract Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of cooling the soft tissue of injection sites on the pain perceptions of pediatric patients during the administration of local anesthesia for routine dental procedures. Methods and Materials A total of 160 children aged 5-6 years were included in the present study. On a random basis, the subjects were allocated to the without ice pretreatment (WIP) group (topical anesthesia + counterstimulation + distraction) or the ice pretreatment (IP) group (cooling + topical anesthesia + counterstimulation + distraction). During the administration of an inferior alveolar nerve block, the children's behavior was assessed using the sound, eye, and motor (SEM) scale. The statistical analysis of data was performed based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results There were no significant differences within the groups between the values of the sound, eye, and motor components for either the WIP or the IP groups (P>0.05). All three components of the SEM in the IP group were consistently lower than the WIP group (P<0.05). Moreover, the SEM value for the WIP group surpassed the IP group (P<0.05). Conclusions Cooling the site of infiltration block prior to the injection of local anesthesia significantly reduced the pain perceived during injection of local anesthetic agent in pediatric patients. Clinical Significance Pre-cooling of the soft tissues of an injection site prior to the administration of a local anesthetic can minimize the discomfort and anxiety associated with the injection procedure and facilitates the management of pediatric patients during this phase of a dental procedure. Citation Aminabadi NA, Farahani RMZ. The Effect of Pre-cooling the Injection Site on Pediatric Pain Perception during the Administration of Local Anesthesia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 May; (10)3:043-050.

Sedation Protocols—Why So Many Variations?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles J. Coté
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Conscious Sedation ◽  
Deep Sedation ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Difficult Issue

The Committee on Drugs (COD) of the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), along with its many consultants, has spent considerable time addressing the difficult issue of appropriate care for sedated pediatric patients. The Committee's concern has been the continued appearance of reports, nearly always from nonmedical journal sources ("word of mouth", newspapers), of children suffering adverse events (morbidity and mortality) after sedation for procedares that in themselves should not result in any such complications, eg, radiologic investigations.1-4 The original "Guidelines for the Elective Use of Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation, and General Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients" were published in 1985.5 These were constructed because of concern regarding a number of deaths that occurred in the dental office.6

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