Root-knot Control and Yield Response of Corn with Seed Treatment and Granular Nematicides

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin K. Hagan ◽  
H. Brad Miller ◽  
Jason Burkett ◽  
Katherine Burch
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Bacillus Firmus ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Study Sites

In Coastal Plain soils of the southeastern United States, the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita race 3 causes significant yield loss in corn. Impact of abamectin + thiamethoxam and clothianidin + Bacillus firmus I-1582 nematicide seed treatments along with terbufos granular nematicide on RKN reproduction, plant populations, plant growth, and yield was assessed at two Alabama sites. Thiamethoxam and clothianidin insecticide seed treatments were included as controls. A factorial arranged as split-split plot with year as the main plot, seed treatment as the split plot, and granular nematicide as the split-split-plot treatment was used. Lower plant populations were noted for terbufos-treated corn at one study site. Reduced RKN reproduction was observed with terbufos granular nematicide at both study sites. Fresh seedling weights and yields were usually higher for the terbufos- than non-terbufos-treated corn. At both sites, both nematicide seed treatments and their insecticide seed treatment counterparts had similar plant populations, RKN reproduction rate, and fresh seedling weights. Yield differences were noted at both locations between abamectin + thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam but not clothianidin + Bacillus firmus I-1582 and clothianidin. With mean yield gains up to 13.5%, terbufos was superior to both of the nematicide seed treatments for managing RKN and protecting corn yields. Accepted for publication 19 October 2015. Published 1 November 2015.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Improving Cucumber Yield without Chemical Control in Soils Susceptible to Nematode Buildup

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1136-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Y. Hanna ◽  
P.D. Colyer ◽  
T.L. Kirkpatrick ◽  
D.J. Romaine ◽  
P.R. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Cucumber Yield

Studies were conducted for 2 years in root-knot-nematode-infested soils to determine growth and yield response of `Dasher II' cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) to double-cropping with nematode-resistant tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), using nematode-free cucumber transplants and preplant treatment with ethoprop nematicide. Cucumbers grown following the nematode-resistant `Celebrity' tomato during the same season produced significantly more plant dry weight, more fruit per plant, and higher premium and total yields than did cucumbers double-cropped with the nematode-susceptible `Heatwave' tomato in both years. The cucumber produced longer stems in 1992 and fewer culls in 1993 following resistant tomatoes. Cucumber plants raised in nematode-free soilless mix for 3 weeks before transplanting produced significantly longer stems and more plant dry weight than did direct-seeded cucumbers in 1992, but not in 1993; however, they produced significantly higher premium yield in both years, and higher total yield, more fruit per plant, and fewer culls in 1993. Preplant treatment with ethoprop significantly increased cucumber stem length, dry weight, premium and total yield, and number of fruit per plant in 1992 but not in 1993. Ethoprop treatment had no effect on the percentage of culls in either year. Chemical name used: O-ethyl S,S-dipropyl phosphorodithioate (ethoprop).

scholarly journals Corn (Zea mays L.) Response to Hybrid, Row Spacing, and Plant Populations in the Blacklands of Central Texas

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1214-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Grichar
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Ear Height

Field studies were conducted during the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons in central Texas near Taylor (30.5326o N; 97.4548o W) to determine the effect of hybrid, row spacing, and plant populations on corn growth and yield.  Two corn hybrids (BH 8844 and BH 8900) were compared at 53,000, 62,000, and 71,000 plants ha-1 planted one row on a single bed or twin rows (spaced approximately 20 cm apart) on a single bed. Plant counts were taken 4 to 6 wk after planting while ear height measurements were taken approximately four wk prior to corn harvest. Crop yield was determined by harvesting all eight rows of each plot with a combine. Weights were adjusted to 12% moisture. Experimental design was a factorial arrangement using a randomized complete block design with corn hybrid (2), row spacing (2), and seeding rates (3) as factors.  Data were analyzed using PROC GLM with SAS (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC) and treatment means separated by Fisher's protected least significant difference test at P = 0.05.  Plant height was not affected by plant populations or row spacing as only hybrid response was significant with BH 8900 being taller in both years. Row spacing affected ear height in one of two years with the twin row spacing having a taller ear placement in the dryer year. No differences were seen with ear placement with respect to plant populations. In the dry year, yield of BH 8844 decreased as plant populations increased; however, no differences were noted with BH 8900.  In the wet year, the inverse was seen with increased yield with higher populations with both hybrids. The twin row system increased BH 8900 yield in 2013. In 2014, with BH 8844, the single row system outyielded twin row and no differences noted with BH 8900.  The results were quite variable and this was due in part to rainfall events in the two years.  Plant and ear height was influenced by hybrid while yield response was somewhat affected by population and row spacing.  A hybrid x row width response was noted indicating that certain hybrids will respond to row spacing more than others.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemicals, Botanicals and Growth Regulator Treatments on Plant Growth and Yield Attributing Traits of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) Variety: K-75

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Avuta Saipriya Ramesh ◽  
Prashant Kumar Rai ◽  
Sasya Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Sowing Seed

The experiment was conducted in post graduate Seed Testing Laboratory and Field Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P) during Rabi season 2020-2021, in order to standardize the suitable pre-sowing seed treatment for Lentil (K-75). Different pre-sowing seed treatments viz.,T0-Control (untreated), T1- KCL @1%, T2- KCL @ 3%, T3- KNO3 @ 1%, T4- KNO3 @ 3%, T5- Panchagavya @ 2%, T6 – GA3 @ 20ppm, T7 – Panchagavya @ 4%, T8 – GA3 @ 10ppm,T9 – Panchagavya @ 6%,T10 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 2%, T11 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 4%,T12 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 6% were evaluated by screening of 12 hour. It was found that all the pre-sowing seed treatments recorded the significant difference with that of control. In field condition highest field emergence percentage,yield and yielding attributes was found in T7 -Panchagavya @ 4%. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Panchagavya @ 4% followed by GA3 @ 10 ppm, Panchagavya @ 2%, KCL @ 1% significantly increased the germination and yielding attributes of Lentil. Pre-sowing seed treatments with Panchagavya (4%) and GA3 (10ppm) resulted in maximum increase in field emergence, vigour of Lentil seeds and found to be lowest in control seeds. Pre-sowing seed treatment that leads to a physiological condition that allows the seed to germinate more effectively and no costly equipment and chemical requirements could be used. Hence it is a simple method for overcoming weak germination and seedling establishment and helps to preserve agriculture and economical, non-toxic, eco-friendly sources.

Growth and yield response of cowpea to multiaction bioinoculants

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jidhu Vaishnavi ◽  
P. Jeyakumar
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Index

Studies were taken up to estimate the morpho-physiological changes in cowpea due to a multiaction bioinoculants (TagTeam) as seed treatment. Seed treatment with TagTeam @ 8.1g/kg showed significant increase in plant height, root length and number of nodules as compared to control. Physiological parameters such as leaf area, total dry matter accumulation, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll index were also found higher in seed treatment with TagTeam @ 8.1g/kg. Co-inocultion of Rhizobium and Penicillium (TagTeam) @ 8.1g/kg enhanced the uptake of NPK in cowpea. Available NPK was found non significant with initial soil sample and found maximum with control and lower content in TagTeam seed treatment @ 8.1g/kg. Seed treatment with TagTeam @ 8.1g/kg increased the yield by 13.36 per cent over control and improved yield components and seed protein content in cowpea.

SEEDLING GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF FLAX, BUCKWHEAT, SUNFLOWER AND FIELD PEA AFTER PRESEEDING MAGNETIC TREATMENT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. GUBBELS
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Magnetic Exposure ◽  
One Year ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

Dry seeds of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and field pea (Pisum sativum L.) were given brief magnetic exposure prior to germination. Seed of high and low germination potential were grown in petri dishes at 10 and 20 °C. A small number of seed lots produced earlier and more vigorous seedling growth as a result of magnetic treatment, but the differences were small and inconsistent. In the field, there were no improvements in yield from magnetic seed treatment in three out of four years. In one year there was a significant increase in yield for sunflower.

scholarly journals Effect of Seed Treatment with Chemicals and Plant Growth Regulators on Growth and Yield Attributing Traits of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Variety: Pusa Bold

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
N. Syam Prasad ◽  
Prashant Kumar Rai ◽  
Abhinav Dayal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Mustard Seeds

The Experiment was conducted in the field of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) during Rabi season 2020-2021, in order to standardize the suitable pre- sowing seed treatment for Mustard. Different pre- sowing seed treatments with control (Unhardened) were evaluated  viz., T0– Control,T1- Mg(No3)2 @ 0.1%,T2- Mg(No3)2 @ 0.3%,T3- Mg(No3)2 @ 0.5%,T4- Ca(No3)2 @ 0.1%,T5- KNO3 @ 0.5%,T6- Mg(So4)2 @ 0.1%,T7- Mg(So4)2 @ 0.3%,T8- Mg(So4)2 @ 0.5%,T9- GA3 @ 25ppm,T10- GA3 @ 50ppm,T11- GA3 @ 75ppm,T12- PEG6000 @ 25ppm. It was found that the all pre-sowing seed treatments showed significance difference with control. Seed treatment with KNO3 @ 0.5% found to be highest in field emergence and yield attributes of Mustard and it was followed by GA3 @ 25ppm and Mg(No3)2 @ 0.1%. Pre- sowing seed treatment with KNO3 @ 0.5% and GA3 @ 25 ppm showed maximum increase yield  of mustard seeds and found to be lowest in control seeds. Pre-sowing seed treatments of the mustard seeds in which KNO3 @ 0.5% gave best result to enhanced germinability, seed vigour, seed yield and yielding attributes. These conclusions are based on the results of six months investigation and therefore further investigation is needed to arrive at valid recommendations.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies on Effectiveness of Physical, Micronutrients, PGR and Botanical Seed Treatments on Growth and Yield of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Kundavaramu Suryateja ◽  
Prashant Kumar Rai ◽  
Prashant Ankur Jain ◽  
Sarita Khandka
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Electric Treatment ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L ◽  
Number Of Branches

The experiment was carried out at a field experimentation centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P). During Rabi season 2020-2021, to find out the suitable Physical, Micronutrients, PGR and Botanical seed treatments on growth and yield of Fenugreek (LFC-84). Different concentrations with different duration of seed treatments with control (untreated) were evaluated by screening 8 hours viz., Electric treatment (0.5A for 60 seconds and 1.0A for 60 seconds), Magnetic treatment (10mT for 15 min and 20 mT for 30 min), ZnSO4 (1% and 3% for 8 hrs), MnSO4 (1% and 3% for 8 hrs) Ascorbic acid (100 ppm and 300 ppm for 8 hrs), Moringa leaf extract (1% and 3% for 8 hrs). It has been reported that among all the treatments T6 - ZnSO4 -3% for 8 hrs has performed the best results in field parameters like Plant height, number of branches per plant, days required to 50% flowering, days required to 50% pod formation, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant (g), test weight (g), dry weight of plant (g), harvest Index (%) followed by Ascorbic acid 300 ppm for 8 hours and found to be lowest in control seeds. Hence seed treatment of Fenugreek seeds with ZnSO4 – 3% is the best treatment compared to other seed treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of seed treatments, spacing and season of sowing on yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under rain shelter

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
V U Anjukrishna ◽  
N Mini Raj ◽  
P Anitha ◽  
A K Aneesha
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Impact

Coriander is an important herb & seed spice. The yield of coriander is influenced by the agronomic practices adopted during cultivation. This study was carried out in the Department of Plantation Crops and Spices, College of Horticulture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University from July 2019 to March 2020 to analyse the effect of seed treatments, spacing and growing season on yield and quality of coriander leaves under rain shelter. The experiment was laid out in factorial completely randomized design (FCRD) with three replications. The study revealed that, presowing seed treatments improved the growth and yield of coriander than untreated seeds. The impact of seed treatments was conspicuous at the time of harvest on growth, yield and quality parameters. Hydropriming for 24 h was found to be the best presowing seed treatment followed by seed treatment with GA3 50 ppm for 8 h. A closer spacing of 10 x 10 cm which accommodated more plants per unit area recorded the highest biomass and herbage yield plot-1. October – December season was found to be the best for obtaining better growth and yield in leaf coriander. Hence, the study concluded that, hydropriming for 24 h or seed treatment with GA3 50 ppm for 8 h, a closer spacing of 10 x 10 cm and October – December season are the ideal combination for the best performance of variety CO-4 for leaf purpose under rain shelter in the tropical moist humid climate.

The role of plant-parasitic nematodes in reducing yield of sugarcane in fine-textured soils in Queensland, Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 620 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Blair ◽  
G. R. Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Lesion Nematode ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stalk Length ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Damage to sugarcane caused by root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is well documented in infertile coarse-textured soils, but crop losses have never been assessed in the fine-textured soils on which more than 95% of Australia’s sugarcane is grown. The impact of nematodes in these more fertile soils was assessed by repeatedly applying nematicides (aldicarb and fenamiphos) to plant and ratoon crops in 16 fields, and measuring their effects on nematode populations, sugarcane growth and yield. In untreated plant crops, mid-season population densities of lesion nematode (Pratylenchus zeae), root-knot nematode (M. javanica), stunt nematode (Tylenchorhynchus annulatus), spiral nematode (Helicotylenchus dihystera) and stubby-root nematode (Paratrichodorus minor) averaged 1065, 214, 535, 217 and 103 nematodes/200 mL soil, respectively. Lower mean nematode population densities were recorded in the first ratoon, particularly for root-knot nematode. Nematicides reduced populations of lesion nematode by 66–99% in both plant and ratoon crops, but control of root-knot nematode was inconsistent, particularly in ratoons. Nematicide treatment had a greater impact on shoot and stalk length than on shoot and stalk number. The entire community of pest nematodes appeared to be contributing to lost productivity, but stalk length and final yield responses correlated most consistently with the number of lesion nematodes controlled. Fine roots in nematicide-treated plots were healthier and more numerous than in untreated plots, and this was indicative of the reduced impact of lesion nematode. Yield responses averaged 15.3% in plant crops and 11.6% in ratoons, indicating that nematodes are subtle but significant pests of sugarcane in fine-textured soils. On the basis of these results, plant-parasitic nematodes are conservatively estimated to cost the Australian sugar industry about AU$82 million/annum.

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