Differential Resistance to Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis) in Collections of Basin Wild Rye (Leymus cinereus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank M. Dugan ◽  
Michael J. Cashman ◽  
Richard C. Johnson ◽  
Meinan Wang ◽  
Xianming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Size Effect ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
Leymus Cinereus

Differential resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) in a planting of 111 wild collections of Basin wild rye (Leymus cinereus) was noted 2011-2013. In 2011, rust severity was rated on a scale of 1-9. Much lighter infection in 2012 and 2013 was rated as the number of symptomatic leaves per plant divided by plant circumference (to adjust for plant size). Effect of collection was significant in 2011 (P = 0.0042), 2012 (P = 0.0032), and 2013 (P = 0.0095), with a relatively weak (0.23) but significant (P = 0.0149) correlation between 2011 and 2012 and a stronger (0.38) and highly significant (P < 0.0001) correlation between 2012 and 2013. Correlation between results of 2011 and 2013 was near zero and insignificant unless the ratings from 2011 were adjusted for plant size. Representative resistant and susceptible collections will be conserved as accessions in the National Plant Germplasm System. Accepted for publication 19 May 2014. Published 23 June 2014

scholarly journals Management of stripe rust of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using fungicides

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Rakesh Devlash ◽  
Naval Kishore ◽  
Guru Dev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
Barley Stripe Rust

Under field conditions, various fungicide molecules were validated for their effectiveness on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) stripe rust Puccinia striiformis f. sp. consecutively for three years under artificial field epiphytotic conditions. Seven fungicides viz., propiconazole 25%EC (tilt @ 0.1%), tebuconazole 25.9% m/m EC (folicur @ 0.1%), triademefon 25%WP (bayleton @ 0.1%), propiconazole 25%EC (tilt @ 0.05%), tebuconazole 25.9% m/m EC (folicur @ 0.05%), triademefon 25%WP (bayleton@ 0.05%), and mancozeb 75%WP (dithane M45 @ 0.2%) with variousconcentrations were tested for their effectiveness in controlling barley stripe rust severity. All fungicide applications resulted in lower disease severity and higher grain yields than untreated check plots. All the fungicides @ 0.1% concentrations reduced disease severity ranging from 87.8% to 95.6% except Mancozeb @ 0.2% (34.4%). Significant higher yield was obtained with Propiconazole @ 0.1% (26.7 q/ha) followed by Tebuconazole @ 0.1% (25.2 q/ha) and Triademefon @ 0.1% (24.5 q/ha). The present study revealed propiconazole as the most effective fungicide for the control of stripe rust of barley under epiphytotic conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Planting Density and the Composition of Wheat Cultivar Mixtures on Stripe Rust: An Analysis Taking into Account Limits to the Replication of Controls

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1313-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Garrett ◽  
C. C. Mundt
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Diversity Effect ◽  
Single Genotype ◽  
Unique Pair ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Rust Severity

The effect of plant density on disease is not well understood in populations of a single host plant genotype and has been studied even less in mixtures of host genotypes. We performed an experiment to evaluate the effect of wheat planting density on infection by Puccinia striiformis in experimental plots with a single wheat genotype and in plots with two genotypes making up a range of frequencies. Stripe rust severity in single-genotype plots increased with planting density in 1997 but decreased with planting density in 1998. Disease in host mixtures was compared to the weighted mean of disease levels in the corresponding single-genotype plots. The design of the field experiment included limited replication of these reference treatments (that is, there was not a unique pair of single-genotype plots for each mixture plot); therefore, we devised an analysis based on collapsing the data into independent mean observations. Disease reduction due to host diversity was less when one genotype predominated than when both host genotypes were present at nearly equal frequencies. The greatest mean host-diversity effect for reduced disease was at the intermediate planting density of 250 seeds per m2.

scholarly journals Utilization of the Genomewide Wheat 55K SNP Array for Genetic Analysis of Stripe Rust Resistance in Common Wheat Line P9936

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Huang ◽  
Jianhui Wu ◽  
Xiaoting Wang ◽  
Jingmei Mu ◽  
Zhi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Snp Array ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Biparental Population ◽  
Chinese Landrace ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Rust Severity

Breeding for resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. tritici) is essential for reducing losses in yield and quality in wheat. To identify genes for use in breeding, a biparental population of 186 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross of the Chinese landrace Mingxian 169 and CIMMYT-derived line P9936 was evaluated in field nurseries either artificially or naturally inoculated in two crop seasons. Each of the RILs and parents was genotyped with the wheat 55K single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ‘Breeders’ array and a genetic linkage map with 8,225 polymorphic SNP markers spanning 3,593.37 centimorgans was constructed. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTL) and two minor QTL were identified. The major QTL QYr.nwafu-3BS.2 and QYr.nwafu-7BL on chromosomes arms 3BS and 7BL were detected in all field locations and explained an average 20.4 and 38.9% of phenotypic variation stripe rust severity, respectively. QYr.nwafu-3BS.2 likely corresponds to the locus Yr30/Sr2 and QYr.nwafu-7BL may be a resistance allele identified previously in CIMMYT germplasm. The other minor QTL had limited individual effects but increased resistance when in combinations with other QTL. Markers linked to QYr.nwafu-7BL were converted to kompetitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction markers and validated in a panel of wheat accessions. Wheat accessions carrying the same haplotype as P9936 at the identified SNP loci had lower average stripe rust severity than the average severity of all other haplotypes.

Plant Materials Registered by Crop Science Incorporated into the National Plant Germplasm System

Crop Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. White ◽  
S. A. Eberhart ◽  
P. A. Miller ◽  
J. D. Mowder
Keyword(s):  
Plant Materials ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Crop Science ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System

scholarly journals Grass Hosts Harbor More Diverse Isolates of Puccinia striiformis Than Cereal Crops

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cheng ◽  
X. M. Chen ◽  
D. R. See
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Grass Hosts ◽  
Simple Sequence

Puccinia striiformis causes stripe rust on cereal crops and many grass species. However, it is not clear whether the stripe rust populations on grasses are able to infect cereal crops and how closely they are related to each other. In this study, 103 isolates collected from wheat, barley, triticale, rye, and grasses in the United States were characterized by virulence tests and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Of 69 pathotypes identified, 41 were virulent on some differentials of wheat only, 10 were virulent on some differentials of barley only, and 18 were virulent on some differentials of both wheat and barley. These pathotypes were clustered into three groups: group one containing isolates from wheat, triticale, rye, and grasses; group two isolates were from barley and grasses; and group three isolates were from grasses and wheat. SSR markers identified 44 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) and clustered them into three major molecular groups (MG) with MLGs in MG3 further classified into three subgroups. Isolates from cereal crops were present in one or more of the major or subgroups, but not all, whereas grass isolates were present in all of the major and subgroups. The results indicate that grasses harbor more diverse isolates of P. striiformis than the cereals.

scholarly journals Potential Infection Risks of the Wheat Stripe Rust and Stem Rust Pathogens on Barberry in Asia and Southeastern Europe

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 957
Author(s):  
Parimal Sinha ◽  
Xianming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Very High

Barberry (Berberis spp.) is an alternate host for both the stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), and the stem rust pathogen, P. graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), infecting wheat. Infection risk was assessed to determine whether barberry could be infected by either of the pathogens in Asia and Southeastern Europe, known for recurring epidemics on wheat and the presence of barberry habitats. For assessing infection risk, mechanistic infection models were used to calculate infection indices for both pathogens on barberry following a modeling framework. In East Asia, Bhutan, China, and Nepal were found to have low risks of barberry infection by Pst but high risks by Pgt. In Central Asia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, southern Russia, and Uzbekistan were identified to have low to high risks of barberry infection for both Pst and Pgt. In Northwest Asia, risk levels of both pathogens in Turkey and the Republic of Georgia were determined to be high to very high. In Southwest Asia, no or low risk was found. In Southeastern Europe, similar high or very high risks for both pathogens were noted for all countries. The potential risks of barberry infection by Pst and/or Pgt should provide guidelines for monitoring barberry infections and could be valuable for developing rust management programs in these regions. The framework used in this study may be useful to predict rust infection risk in other regions.

Rapid identification of a stripe rust resistance gene YrXK in Chinese wheat line Xike01015 using specific locus amplified fragment (SLAF) sequencing

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cai Sun ◽  
Yike Liu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Baotong Wang ◽  
Shuhui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Gene Annotation ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Chinese Wheat

Wheat stripe rust, an airborne fungal disease and caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most devastating diseases on wheat. It is the most effective and economical measure for the diseases control to identify high-level resistance genes and apply in wheat breeding. Chinese wheat cultivar Xike01015 presents high levels of all stage resistance (ASR) to the current predominant Pst race CYR33. In this study, a single dominant gene, designated as YrXk, was identified in Xike01015 conferring resistance to CYR33 with genetic analysis of F2 and BC1 population from cross of Mingxian169 (susceptible) and Xike01015. The specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) strategy was used to construct linkage map in the F2 population. QTL analysis mapped YrXk to a 12.4 Mb segment on chromosome1BS, explaining over 86.96% phenotypic variance. Gene annotation in the QTL region identified three differential expressed candidate genes , TraesCS1B02G168600.1, TraesCS1B02G170200.1, and TraesCS1B02G172400.1. The qRT-PCR results displayed that TraesCS1B02G170200.1 and TraesCS1B02G168600.1 significantly up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, and TraesCS1B02G170200.1 slightly up-regulated after changed with CYR33 in the seedling stage, which indicating these genes may function in wheat resistance to stripe rust. The results of this study can be used in wheat breeding for improving resistance to stripe rust.

Distribution of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici races and virulence in wheat growing regions of Kenya from 1970 TO 2014

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercy Wamalwa ◽  
Ruth Wanyera ◽  
Julian Rodriguez-Algaba ◽  
Lesley Boyd ◽  
James Owuoche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Yellow Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Triticum Spp ◽  
Virulence Diversity

Stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat (Triticum spp.) production worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the virulence of Pst races prevalent in the main wheat growing regions of Kenya, which includes Mt. Kenya, Eastern Kenya, and the Rift Valley (Central, Southern, and Northern Rift). Fifty Pst isolates collected from 1970 to 1992 and from 2009 to 2014 were virulence phenotyped using stripe rust differential sets, and 45 isolates were genotyped with sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers to differentiate among the isolates and identify aggressive strains PstS1 and PstS2. Virulence corresponding to stripe rust resistance genes Yr1, Yr2, Yr3, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr25, Yr27 and the seedling resistance in genotype Avocet S were detected. Ten races were detected in the Pst samples obtained from 1970 to 1992, and three additional races were detected from 2009 to 2014, with a single race being detected in both periods. The SCAR markers detected both Pst1 and Pst2 strains in the collection. Increasing Pst virulence was found in the Kenyan Pst population, and that diverse Pst race groups dominated different wheat growing regions. Moreover, recent Pst races in east Africa indicated possible migration of some race groups into Kenya from other regions. This study is important in understanding Pst evolution and virulence diversity and useful in breeding wheat cultivars with effective resistance to stripe rust. Keywords: pathogenicity, Puccinia f. sp. tritici stripe (yellow) rust, Triticum aestivum

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