Mutational Analysis of Viroid Pathogenicity: Tomato Apical Stunt Viroid

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Stunt Viroid ◽  
Viroid Pathogenicity

scholarly journals Effects of Host-Adaptive Mutations on Hop Stunt Viroid Pathogenicity and Small RNA Biogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7383
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Zhang ◽  
Changjian Xia ◽  
Takahiro Matsuda ◽  
Akito Taneda ◽  
Fumiko Murosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Replication Capacity ◽  
Adaptive Mutations ◽  
Stunt Viroid ◽  
Hop Stunt Viroid ◽  
Rna Biogenesis ◽  
Viroid Pathogenicity

Accidental transmission of hop stunt viroid (HSVd) from grapevine to hop has led to several epidemics of hop stunt disease with convergent evolution of HSVd-g(rape) into HSVd-h(op) containing five mutations. However, the biological function of these five mutations remains unknown. In this study, we compare the biological property of HSVd-g and HSVd-h by bioassay and analyze HSVd-specific small RNA (HSVd-sRNA) using high-throughput sequencing. The bioassay indicated an association of these five mutations with differences in infectivity, replication capacity, and pathogenicity between HSVd-g and HSVd-h, e.g., HSVd-g induced more severe symptoms than HSVd-h in cucumber. Site-directed mutagenesis of HSVd-g showed that the mutation at position 54 increased pathogenicity. HSVd-sRNA analysis of cucumber and hop plants infected with different HSVd variants showed that several sRNA species containing adaptive nucleotides were specifically down-regulated in plants infected with HSVd-h. Several HSVd-sRNAs containing adaptive mutations were predicted to target cucumber genes, but changes in the levels of these genes were not directly correlated with changes in symptom expression. Furthermore, expression levels of two other cucumber genes targeted by HSVd-RNAs, encoding ethylene-responsive transcription factor ERF011, and trihelix transcription factor GTL2, were altered by HSVd infection. The possible relationship between these two genes to HSVd pathogenicity is discussed.

The co-chaperone BAG-1 as a candidate for causing cortisteroid receptor resistance: A detailed mutational analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
U Schmidt ◽  
M Rosenhagen ◽  
F Holsboer ◽  
T Rein
Keyword(s):  
Mutational Analysis
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