The Age-Related Effect of Job Autonomy on Depressive Symptoms Through Selective Optimization With Compensation: A Two-Wave Panel Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Müller ◽  
Matthias Weigl ◽  
Barbara Heiden ◽  
Cort W Rudolph ◽  
Peter Angerer
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Job Autonomy ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Selective Optimization With Compensation ◽  
Age Related

Time Hurries on but Does not Fly in Older Age — No Effect of Depressive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sven Thönes ◽  
Edmund Wascher ◽  
Patrick D. Gajewski ◽  
Stephan Getzmann
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Time Perception ◽  
Subjective Time ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Nonlinear Fashion ◽  
Continuous Range

Abstract Research on the commonly known phenomenon of perceived accelerated time passage with increasing age has provided inconsistent results. This could be due to a mediating time-slowing effect of depressive symptoms as the prevalence of depression does also alter with age. Based on a large sample of 380 subjects covering a continuous range of age between 20 and 70 years, we tested whether the assumed age-related effect on time perception is being mediated by symptoms of depression. Cross-sectional differences indicate a weak, but significant nonlinear acceleration of the perceived passage of time especially during mid-adulthood, whereas no further alteration was observed above the age of 60. In contrast to our hypothesis, symptoms of depression did clearly not mediate the effects of age on perceived time passage. Moreover, neither time passage ratings nor age were significantly related to the severity of depressive symptoms. Our results are partly compatible with (and extend) several previous reports, indicating that subjective time passage changes over the life span in a nonlinear fashion; they do not provide evidence for a mediating time-slowing effect of depressive symptoms in nonclinical samples.

scholarly journals Positive Emodiversity Buffers the Association Between Stress and Depressive Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 653-653
Author(s):  
Lizbeth Benson ◽  
Anthony Ong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
National Study ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Shannon's Entropy ◽  
Daily Experiences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Optimal Functioning

Abstract Intensive measurements of individuals’ experiences allow for identifying patterns of functioning that may be markers of resilience, and whether such patterns differ across the life span. Using 8 daily diary reports collected in the second burst of the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE, n=848, age 34-84; 55%female), we examined whether positive emodiversity (Shannon’s entropy) attenuated the association between cumulative stressor exposure and depressive symptoms, and age-related differences therein. Results indicated age moderated the extent to which positive emodiversity attenuated the association between stress and depressive symptoms (b=0.11, p < .05). The attenuated association was strongest for younger adults with higher positive emodiversity, compared to those with lower positive emodiversity. For older adults, the association between stress and depressive symptoms was relatively similar regardless of their positive emodiversity. Implications pertain to for whom and in what contexts specific types of dynamic emotion experiences may promote optimal functioning and resilience.

Age-Related Effect of Dietary Nucleotides on Liver Nucleic Acid Content in Rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana T. López-Navarro ◽  
Angel Gil ◽  
Antonio Sánchez-Pozo
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Nucleic Acid Content ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dietary Nucleotides

scholarly journals Increase of depressive symptoms among adolescents during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Germany - results from a German panel study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Naumann ◽  
Ellen von den Driesch ◽  
Almut Schumann ◽  
Carolin Thönnissen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Low Threshold ◽  
Short Time

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has fundamentally changed social life within a very short time. Lockdown policies often consider the trade-off between containing the spread of the pandemic and the negative impact for the economy. Policy makers should pay more attention to the psychological and social impacts of the lockdown.ObjectivesHow did the mental health of adolescents in Germany change during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown in Germany?Material and MethodsAnalyses are based on longitudinal data from Germany and a random sample of the birth cohorts 2001-03. Respondents were 15-17 years old at the first interview in 2018/19. 854 adolescents participated in the second wave of the survey in May and June 2020. Depressiveness is assessed with the State-Trait Depression Scale.ResultsDuring the first lockdown, adolescents show a significant increase in depressive symptoms. Prior to the lockdown, 10.2 percent had clinically relevant depressive symptoms [CI: 8.0; 12.4]. In spring 2020, the prevalence increased to 25.2 percent [CI: 22.0; 28.4]. Young women have a significantly higher risk of developing depressive symptoms than men of the same age. Immigrant background is an equally strong risk factor. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents with an immigrant background increased from 11% to 33%.DiscussionTo address this increased mental health risk and the inequalities, policy makers and society should ensure access and availability of target-group-specific and low-threshold prevention and counselling.

Goal disengagement capacities and severity of disease across older adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelle Jobin ◽  
Carsten Wrosch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Goal Disengagement ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Early Old Age

This study examined age-related associations between goal disengagement capacities, emotional distress, and disease severity across older adulthood. Given that an age-related increase in the experience of stressors might render important goals unattainable, it is expected that goal disengagement capacities would predict a decrease in the severity of experienced illness (i.e., the common cold) by preventing emotional distress (i.e., depressive symptoms), particularly so among individuals in advanced (as compared to early) old age. This hypothesis was tested in a 6-year longitudinal study of 131 older adults (age range = 64 to 90). Regression analyses showed that goal disengagement capacities buffered 6-year increases in older adults’ cold symptoms, and that this effect was significantly pronounced among older-old participants. Mediation analyses further indicated that changes in depressive symptoms exerted an indirect effect on the age-related association between goal disengagement and changes in cold symptoms. The study’s findings suggest that goal disengagement capacities become increasingly important for protecting emotional well-being and physical health as older adults advance in age.

scholarly journals The Effect of Home Environment on Adolescent Substance Use and Depressive Symptoms

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Susan Su ◽  
John P. Hoffmann ◽  
Dean R. Gerstein ◽  
Robert A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Parental Substance Use

We used data from the screening phase and first two waves of a panel study to compare the home environments of families with a substance-abusing parent, families with a depressed parent, and families in a comparison group. We diagnosed substance use disorder and affective disorder by administering the Structural Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (third edition, revised) to each participating parent. The data suggest that families in which parents display a substance use disorder are very similar to those in which parents suffer from affective disorder, in terms of negative life events and lower family cohesion. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that parental substance use disorder and parental affective disorder influence adolescent substance use and depressive symptoms. In addition, parental substance use disorder has a direct influence on adolescent substance use at the time the first-wave data were collected, but this effect does not persist over time.

The Psychological Well-Being of Taiwanese Youth

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chin-Chun Yi ◽  
Chyi-In Wu ◽  
Ying-Hwa Chang ◽  
Ming-Yi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
School Context ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quadratic Growth ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Over Time

This study examines the growth trajectory of the psychological well-being of Taiwanese adolescents from early to late adolescence. Under the competitive educational system in Taiwan, family and school context are two major loci accounting for the developmental outcome. Data are taken from the Taiwan Youth Project, which is a longitudinal panel study of 2696 students since the year 2000. The study uses individual depressive symptoms as the dependent variable. Family cohesion, family educational strategy as well as classroom effects at school are chosen to indicate the potential contextual influence. Using the latent growth curve method, the analysis confirms that family and school factors do produce different effects over time. Family context is salient at the initial status, but not for subsequent development. Class cohesion as well as adolescents' perceptions of unfairness by teachers determine the depressive level, the linear slope and the non-linear quadratic growth curve. In other words, once the adolescent gets used to junior high school, the school context tends to exert more pronounced effects. Further analysis on gender comparisons indicates that selective family and school effects are more pronounced among females, with a greater degree of depressive symptoms over time. The article concludes that while family and school have different impacts on the growth curve of individual depressive symptoms, the school context exerts salient effects over an adolescent's life course.

Internet Use among Older Adults

2013 ◽  
pp. 124-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Chen ◽  
Bob Lee ◽  
Robert M. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
Selective Optimization With Compensation ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Age Related

Older adults (65 and above) are the fastest growing population to use computers and the Internet in their everyday lives. The primary purpose of this chapter is to use a Lifespan Developmental Perspective to examine both the constraints and the opportunities of Internet use among older adults. Given age-related changes in physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional processes, older adults may encounter different constraints in Internet use from younger adults. The Selective Optimization with Compensation model is used to explore opportunities for older adults in using the Internet to improve quality of life. Future product designs and training programs should take into account older adults’ physical and cognitive limitations, as well as their socio-emotional needs. It is also recommended that social policies should help older adults overcome these constraints in order to reduce age-related digital divide and promote quality of life for older adults.

Effects of an 80% cigarette price increase on quit attempts, successful quitting and smoking intensity among Korean adult smokers: results from nationally representative longitudinal panel data

2020 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boram Lee ◽  
Dong-Chul Seo
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Cigarette Price ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
Cigarette Tax ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Korean Adult ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesSouth Korea implemented an unprecedented cigarette tax increase in 2015, raising its cigarette price by 80%. This study evaluated the extent to which the 2015 cigarette tax increase affected Korean adult smokers in terms of quit attempts, successful quitting and smoking intensity.MethodsData were drawn from a nationally representative longitudinal study, the Korean Welfare Panel Study (waves 9–12, 2014–2017). Korean adults who smoked before the 2015 cigarette tax increase comprised the sample (n=2114). We used the multiple logistic regressions to examine factors of quit attempts and successful quitting and the generalised estimating equations to estimate changes in smoking intensity among continued smokers.ResultsAfter the cigarette tax increase, 60.9% (n=1334) of baseline smokers attempted to quit and 34.7% of the attempters succeeded in quitting. The smokers aged ≥65 years and light smokers both attempted more (p<0.01) and succeeded more (p<0.05) in quitting than smokers aged 35–44 years and heavy smokers, respectively. The successful quitting was not significantly associated with income levels. Depressive symptoms, first cigarette use before age 19 and smoking a pack or more a day at baseline were associated with failures in quitting. Smoking intensity among continued smokers decreased after the cigarette tax increase (p<0.001), but such a decrease was not observed in light smokers, young smokers and high-income smokers.ConclusionThe current study findings imply that the Korean government may consider implementing periodic increases in cigarette tax which should reflect the rate of inflation and income growth. Smoking cessation programmes need to address depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Workplace bullying and depressive symptoms among employees in Germany: prospective associations regarding severity and the role of the perpetrator

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Lange ◽  
Hermann Burr ◽  
Uwe Rose ◽  
Paul Maurice Conway
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Nonsignificant Effect ◽  
Degree Of Severity

Abstract Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of self-reported workplace bullying on depressive symptoms in a prospective study among a representative sample of employees from Germany. We focused specifically on the role of the perpetrator (co-workers and superiors), which was never done before in a longitudinal design. Methods We used data from a nation-wide representative panel study with a 5-year follow-up (N = 2172). Data on bullying exposure were obtained separately for different perpetrators (co-workers and superiors) and degree of severity (severe bullying, i.e., at least weekly). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). We used logistic regression analyses to examine the effect of workplace bullying at baseline on depressive symptoms at follow-up. Results After adjusting for baseline depressive symptoms, severe bullying by co-workers significantly increased the 5-year risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 2.50). Severe bullying by superiors had a nonsignificant effect. Conclusions Workplace bullying is a risk factor for depressive symptoms among employees in Germany. The type of perpetrator seems to be an important factor to consider, as indicated by the elevated risk of depressive symptoms when bullying is perpetrated by co-workers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document