scholarly journals Guidance and evaluation system for smooth operation of heavy-haul trains

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhang ◽  
Xiang Wei ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Songxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Evaluation Standard ◽  
Operation Rules ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Heavy Haul ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Heavy Haul Trains ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The operation rules and methods for heavy-haul trains were studied and summarized according to the characteristics of the Daqin Railway, such as a large traffic volume, a high density and high-speed and difficult-to-operate heavy-haul trains. Combined with traction calculation and operation experience, these can be quantificationally decomposed into an evaluation standard for the smooth modularized operation of heavy-haul trains that can be recognized by computers. A train operation guidance system was designed to collect locomotive drivers’ operation data, display the actual operation and standard curves in real time and give voice prompts and violation-operation alarms for safety-critical operation. In addition, software for operation analysis and evaluation was developed according to the quantified smooth operation standard. The smooth operation of heavy-haul trains was evaluated and statistically analysed through a comparative analysis of the actual operation records. Moreover, a train impact force detection device capable of monitoring the three-dimensional impact force of heavy-haul trains in real time was developed. Meanwhile, the evaluation standard for smooth operation was verified and optimized by real-time monitoring of the impact force of heavy-haul trains. Finally, on the basis of the above studies, a complete closed-loop management scheme for the smooth operation of heavy-haul trains was constructed, and the objectives of optimizing train operation strategy, standardizing drivers’ operations and ensuring the smooth operation of trains were realized through application.

Pseudospectral Real-Time Optimal Energy Control with Safety Constraints for Heavy-Haul Trains

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Hongtao Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Pseudospectral Method ◽  
Heavy Haul Train ◽  
Heavy Haul ◽  
Time Optimal ◽  
Safety Constraints ◽  
Heavy Haul Trains ◽  
Control Principle

Heavy-haul trains must be energy-efficient and safe during their operations. Owing to the multidimensional high-order nonlinear characteristic of heavy-haul trains, which include numerous cars, this paper proposes a uniform pseudospectral real-time closed-loop optimal control framework to minimize the energy consumption with control inputs and state constraints based on the Radau Pseudospectral Method (RPM). In the framework, in order to ensure safe running of the heavy-haul train, the desired in-train force and speed limit requirements are formulated as constraints of optimal control. Simultaneously, a constrained closed-loop optimal control is constructed by using the receding horizon control principle and pseudospectral observer, in which RPM is leveraged to obtain real-time optimal solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified from simulation results.

scholarly journals An AdaBoost-Based Intelligent Driving Algorithm for Heavy-Haul Trains

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Siyu Wei ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Lijie Chen ◽  
Qingqing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Classification Performance ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
Adaboost Algorithm ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Train Control ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Heavy Haul ◽  
Heavy Haul Trains ◽  
Cart Algorithm

Heavy-haul trains have the characteristics of large volume, long formation, and complex line conditions, which increase the driving difficulty of drivers and can easily cause safety problems. In order to improve the safety and efficiency of heavy-haul railways, the train control mode urgently needs to be developed towards the direction of automatic driving. In this paper, we take the Shuohuang Railway as the research background and analyze the train operation data of SS4G locomotives. We find that the proportion of operation data under different working conditions is seriously out of balance. Aiming at this unbalanced characteristic, we introduce the classification method in the field of machine learning and design an intelligent driving algorithm for heavy-haul trains. Specifically, we extract the data by random forest algorithm and compare the classification performance of C4.5 and CART algorithms. We then select the CART algorithm as the base classifier of the AdaBoost algorithm to build the model of the automatic air brake. For the purpose of heightening the precision of the model, we optimize the AdaBoost algorithm by improving the generation of training subsets and the weight of voting. The numerical results certify the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

The impact of real-time continuous glucose monitoring on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Calapod Ioana ◽  
Irina Bojoga ◽  
Duta Simona Gabriela ◽  
Ana-Maria Stancu ◽  
Amalia Arhire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

THE IMPACT OF TV ADVERTISING ON VIRAL: ANALYSIS USING REAL-TIME AD RATINGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 790-791
Author(s):  
Cunhyeong Ci ◽  
◽  
Hyo-Gyoo Kim ◽  
Seungbae Park ◽  
Heebok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tv Advertising ◽  
The Impact

778-P: The Impact of Self-Management Blood Glucose (SMBG) Real-Time Decision Support on Glycemic Control in Adult with T1D in China

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 778-P
Author(s):  
ZIYU LIU ◽  
CHAOFAN WANG ◽  
XUEYING ZHENG ◽  
SIHUI LUO ◽  
DAIZHI YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Self Management ◽  
The Impact

Some thought on the Estimating of the Impact Force by an Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Yong-Doo Kim ◽  
Seung-Jae Lim ◽  
Hyun-Ung Bae ◽  
Kyoung-Ju Kim ◽  
Chin-Ok Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Force ◽  
The Impact

45. Education at distance: Broadcasting ECG rounds to Southeastern Ontario (BESO Project). An innovative approach for teaching electrocardiography

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Baranchuk ◽  
G. Dagnone ◽  
P. Fowler ◽  
M. N. Harrison ◽  
L. Lisnevskaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Medicine Clerkship ◽  
Time Problem ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ecg Interpretation

Electrocardiography (ECG) interpretation is an essential skill for physicians as well as for many other health care professionals. Continuing education is necessary to maintain these skills. The process of teaching and learning ECG interpretation is complex and involves both deductive mechanisms and recognition of patterns for different clinical situations (“pattern recognition”). The successful methodologies of interactive sessions and real time problem based learning have never been evaluated with a long distance education model. To evaluate the efficacy of broadcasting ECG rounds to different hospitals in the Southeastern Ontario region; to perform qualitative research to determine the impact of this methodology in developing and maintaining skills in ECG interpretation. ECG rounds are held weekly at Kingston General Hospital and will be transmitted live to Napanee, Belleville, Oshawa, Peterborough and Brockville. The teaching methodology is based on real ECG cases. The audience is invited to analyze the ECG case and the coordinator will introduce comments to guide the case through the proper algorithm. Final interpretation will be achieved emphasizing the deductive process and the relevance of each case. An evaluation will be filled out by each participant at the end of each session. Videoconferencing works through a vast array of internet LANs, WANs, ISDN phone lines, routers, switches, firewalls and Codecs (Coder/Decoder) and bridges. A videoconference Codec takes the analog audio and video signal codes and compresses it into a digital signal and transmits that digital signal to another Codec where the signal is decompressed and retranslated back into analog video and audio. This compression and decompression allows large amounts of data to be transferred across a network at close to real time (384 kbps with 30 frames of video per second). Videoconferencing communication works on voice activation so whichever site is speaking has the floor and is seen by all the participating sites. A continuous presence mode allows each site to have the same visual and audio involvement as the host site. A bridged multipoint can connect between 8 and 12 sites simultaneously. This innovative methodology for teaching ECG will facilitate access to developing and maintaining skills in ECG interpretation for a large number of health care providers. Bertsch TF, Callas PW, Rubin A. Effectiveness of lectures attended via interactive video conferencing versus in-person in preparing third-year internal medicine clerkship students for clinical practice examinations. Teach Learn Med 2007; 19(1):4-8. Yellowlees PM, Hogarth M, Hilty DM. The importance of distributed broadband networks to academic biomedical research and education programs. Acad Psychaitry 2006;30:451-455

Optimisation and control of the inflow to a wastewater treatment plant using integrated modelling tools

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Mark ◽  
Claes Hernebring ◽  
Peter Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Time Control ◽  
The Impact

The present paper describes the Helsingborg Pilot Project, a part of the Technology Validation Project: “Integrated Wastewater” (TVP) under the EU Innovation Programme. The objective of the Helsingborg Pilot Project is to demonstrate implementation of integrated tools for the simulation of the sewer system and the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), both in the analyses and the operational phases. The paper deals with the programme for investigating the impact of real time control (RTC) on the performance of the sewer system and wastewater treatment plant. As the project still is in a very early phase, this paper focuses on the modelling of the transport of pollutants and the evaluation of the effect on the sediment deposition pattern from the implementation of real time control in the sewer system.

scholarly journals Power Hardware-in-the-Loop-Based Performance Analysis of Different Converter Controllers for Fast Active Power Regulation in Low-Inertia Power Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3274
Author(s):  
Jose Rueda Torres ◽  
Zameer Ahmad ◽  
Nidarshan Veera Kumar ◽  
Elyas Rakhshani ◽  
Ebrahim Adabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Digital Controllers ◽  
Power Regulation ◽  
The Impact

Future electrical power systems will be dominated by power electronic converters, which are deployed for the integration of renewable power plants, responsive demand, and different types of storage systems. The stability of such systems will strongly depend on the control strategies attached to the converters. In this context, laboratory-scale setups are becoming the key tools for prototyping and evaluating the performance and robustness of different converter technologies and control strategies. The performance evaluation of control strategies for dynamic frequency support using fast active power regulation (FAPR) requires the urgent development of a suitable power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) setup. In this paper, the most prominent emerging types of FAPR are selected and studied: droop-based FAPR, droop derivative-based FAPR, and virtual synchronous power (VSP)-based FAPR. A novel setup for PHIL-based performance evaluation of these strategies is proposed. The setup combines the advanced modeling and simulation functions of a real-time digital simulation platform (RTDS), an external programmable unit to implement the studied FAPR control strategies as digital controllers, and actual hardware. The hardware setup consists of a grid emulator to recreate the dynamic response as seen from the interface bus of the grid side converter of a power electronic-interfaced device (e.g., type-IV wind turbines), and a mockup voltage source converter (VSC, i.e., a device under test (DUT)). The DUT is virtually interfaced to one high-voltage bus of the electromagnetic transient (EMT) representation of a variant of the IEEE 9 bus test system, which has been modified to consider an operating condition with 52% of the total supply provided by wind power generation. The selected and programmed FAPR strategies are applied to the DUT, with the ultimate goal of ascertaining its feasibility and effectiveness with respect to the pure software-based EMT representation performed in real time. Particularly, the time-varying response of the active power injection by each FAPR control strategy and the impact on the instantaneous frequency excursions occurring in the frequency containment periods are analyzed. The performed tests show the degree of improvements on both the rate-of-change-of-frequency (RoCoF) and the maximum frequency excursion (e.g., nadir).

Why Ecological Momentary Assessment Surveys Go Incomplete?: When It Happens and How It Impacts Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Wu ◽  
Jingjing Xu ◽  
Elizabeth Stangl ◽  
Shareka Pentony ◽  
Dhruv Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Report Data ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Momentary Assessment

Abstract Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) often requires respondents to complete surveys in the moment to report real-time experiences. Because EMA may seem disruptive or intrusive, respondents may not complete surveys as directed in certain circumstances. Purpose This article aims to determine the effect of environmental characteristics on the likelihood of instances where respondents do not complete EMA surveys (referred to as survey incompletion), and to estimate the impact of survey incompletion on EMA self-report data. Research Design An observational study. Study Sample Ten adults hearing aid (HA) users. Data Collection and Analysis Experienced, bilateral HA users were recruited and fit with study HAs. The study HAs were equipped with real-time data loggers, an algorithm that logged the data generated by HAs (e.g., overall sound level, environment classification, and feature status including microphone mode and amount of gain reduction). The study HAs were also connected via Bluetooth to a smartphone app, which collected the real-time data logging data as well as presented the participants with EMA surveys about their listening environments and experiences. The participants were sent out to wear the HAs and complete surveys for 1 week. Real-time data logging was triggered when participants completed surveys and when participants ignored or snoozed surveys. Data logging data were used to estimate the effect of environmental characteristics on the likelihood of survey incompletion, and to predict participants' responses to survey questions in the instances of survey incompletion. Results Across the 10 participants, 715 surveys were completed and survey incompletion occurred 228 times. Mixed effects logistic regression models indicated that survey incompletion was more likely to happen in the environments that were less quiet and contained more speech, noise, and machine sounds, and in the environments wherein directional microphones and noise reduction algorithms were enabled. The results of survey response prediction further indicated that the participants could have reported more challenging environments and more listening difficulty in the instances of survey incompletion. However, the difference in the distribution of survey responses between the observed responses and the combined observed and predicted responses was small. Conclusion The present study indicates that EMA survey incompletion occurs systematically. Although survey incompletion could bias EMA self-report data, the impact is likely to be small.

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