A diagnostic performance evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy for malaria diagnosis using nested polymerase chain reaction as reference standard in a tertiary hospital in Jos, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okokon I Ita ◽  
Akaninyene A Otu ◽  
Kenneth Onyedibe ◽  
Anthony A Iwuafor ◽  
Edmund Banwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The diagnostic performance of rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy for malaria diagnosis in eastern Sudan using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay as a reference standard

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakya A Abdalla ◽  
NourElhouda A Rahma ◽  
Elhashimi E Hassan ◽  
Tajeldin M Abdallah ◽  
Hadeel E Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Eastern Sudan

Abstract Background Accurate diagnosis of malaria infection is essential for successful control and management of the disease. Both microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are recommended for malaria diagnosis, however, RDTs are more commonly used. The aim of the current study was to assess the performance of microscopy and RDTs in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay as the gold standard. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kassala Hospital, eastern Sudan. A total of 341 febrile participants of all ages were recruited. Blood specimens were collected and malaria testing was performed using an RDT (SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf), microscopy and nested PCR. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) of microscopy and the RDT were investigated. Results The prevalence of P. falciparum malaria infections in this study was 22.9%, 24.3% and 26.7% by PCR, microscopy and RDT, respectively. Compared with microscopy, the RDT had slightly higher sensitivity (80.7% vs 74.3%; p=0.442), equivalent specificity (89.3% vs 90.4%), a similar PPV (69.2% vs 69.8%) and a higher NPV (94.0% vs 92.2%). Conclusions The diagnostic performance of the RDT was better than that of microscopy in the diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria when nested PCR was used as the gold standard.

Detection of Clostridium difficile Infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (S1) ◽  
pp. S35-S37 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Immune Mechanisms ◽  
Polymerase Chain

There has been a recent surge of interest in Clostridium difficile infection, which reflects an impressive increase in the number and severity of these infections. This review addresses some of the newer methods for detection of C. difficile infection at the bedside and in the laboratory. Particularly important are the new rapid diagnostic tests that detect toxigenic C. difficile using polymerase chain reaction and the combination tests that, either simultaneously or sequentially, screen for C. difficile and test for toxins A and B. It is expected that these new testing methods will largely supplant the enzyme immunoassays for toxins, which are used by most laboratories, departments, and divisions. The present goal is to combine clinical, laboratory, and animal research related to C. difficile that reflects issues that are considered to be major contemporary challenges. Among this work is the pursuit of studies of immune mechanisms to better control this disease.

scholarly journals Discordant Diagnosis of Malaria in a Family of Child Refugees from Sierra Leone

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. e22-e23
Author(s):  
Stephanie K Yanow ◽  
Daniel Gregson ◽  
Rupesh Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Discordant Diagnosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The clinical presentation and diagnosis of malaria involving a family with seven children who arrived in Canada as refugees is reported. Discrepancies in front-line testing using microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests compared with confirmatory testing using real-time polymerase chain reaction in this cluster of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were identified.

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