scholarly journals Global poplar root and leaf transcriptomes reveal links between growth and stress responses under nitrogen starvation and excess

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1283-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Luo ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Wenguang Shi ◽  
Andrea Polle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Poplar Root

scholarly journals A novel single-cell screening platform reveals proteome plasticity during yeast stress responses

2013 ◽  
Vol 200 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Breker ◽  
Melissa Gymrek ◽  
Maya Schuldiner
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Bet Hedging ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Cellular Physiology ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Hedging Strategies ◽  
Screening Platform ◽  
External Stimuli

Uncovering the mechanisms underlying robust responses of cells to stress is crucial for our understanding of cellular physiology. Indeed, vast amounts of data have been collected on transcriptional responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, only a handful of pioneering studies describe the dynamics of proteins in response to external stimuli, despite the fact that regulation of protein levels and localization is an essential part of such responses. Here we characterized unprecedented proteome plasticity by systematically tracking the localization and abundance of 5,330 yeast proteins at single-cell resolution under three different stress conditions (DTT, H2O2, and nitrogen starvation) using the GFP-tagged yeast library. We uncovered a unique “fingerprint” of changes for each stress and elucidated a new response arsenal for adapting to radical environments. These include bet-hedging strategies, organelle rearrangement, and redistribution of protein localizations. All data are available for download through our online database, LOQATE (localization and quantitation atlas of yeast proteome).

scholarly journals Nitrogen starvation induces persister cell formation inEscherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Regulation ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Persister Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
Regulatory Cascade ◽  
Expression Of Genes

AbstractTo cope with fluctuations in their environment bacteria have evolved multiple adaptive stress responses. One such response is the nitrogen regulation stress response, which allows bacteria such asEscherichia colito cope with and overcome conditions of nitrogen limitation. This response is directed by the two-component system NtrBC, where NtrC acts as the major transcriptional regulator to activate the expression of genes to mount the response. Recently we showed that NtrC directly regulates the expression of therelAgene, the major (p)ppGpp synthetase inE. coli, coupling the nitrogen regulation stress and stringent responses. As elevated levels of (p)ppGpp have been implicated in the formation persister cells, here we investigated whether nitrogen starvation promotes their formation and whether the NtrC-RelA regulatory cascade plays a role in this. The results reveal that both nitrogen starvedE. coliform a higher percentage of persister cells than non-starved cells, and that both NtrC and RelA are important for this process. This provides novel insights into how the formation of persisters can be promoted in response to a nutritional stress.ImportanceBacteria often reside in environments where nutrient availability is scarce and therefore they have evolved adaptive responses to rapidly cope with conditions of feast and famine. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin the regulation of how bacteria cope with this stress is a fundamentally important question in the wider context of understanding the biology of the bacterial cell and bacterial pathogenesis. Two major adaptive mechanisms to cope with starvation are the nitrogen regulation (ntr) stress and stringent responses. Here I describe how these bacterial stress responses are coordinated under conditions of nitrogen starvation to promote the formation of antibiotic tolerant persister cells by elevating levels of the secondary messenger (p)ppGpp.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Starvation Induces Persister Cell Formation inEscherichia coli

2018 ◽  
Vol 201 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Nitrogen Starvation ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Regulation ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Persister Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
Regulatory Cascade

ABSTRACTTo cope with fluctuations in their environment, bacteria have evolved multiple adaptive stress responses. One such response is the nitrogen regulation stress response, which allows bacteria, such asEscherichia coli, to cope with and overcome conditions of nitrogen limitation. This response is directed by the two-component system NtrBC, where NtrC acts as the major transcriptional regulator to activate the expression of genes to mount the response. Recently, my colleagues and I showed that NtrC directly regulates the expression of therelAgene, the major (p)ppGpp synthetase inE. coli, coupling the nitrogen regulation stress and stringent responses. As elevated levels of (p)ppGpp have been implicated in the formation of persister cells, here, I investigated whether nitrogen starvation promotes their formation and whether the NtrC-RelA regulatory cascade plays a role. The results reveal that nitrogen-starvedE. colisynthesizes (p)ppGpp and forms a higher percentage of persister cells than nonstarved cells and that both NtrC and RelA are important for these processes. This study provides novel insights into how the formation of persisters can be promoted in response to a nutritional stress.IMPORTANCEBacteria often reside in environments where nutrient availability is scarce; therefore, they have evolved adaptive responses to rapidly cope with conditions of feast and famine. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin the regulation of how bacteria cope with this stress is a fundamentally important question in the wider context of understanding the biology of the bacterial cell and bacterial pathogenesis. Two major adaptive mechanisms to cope with starvation are the nitrogen regulation (ntr) stress and stringent responses. Here, I describe how these bacterial stress responses are coordinated under conditions of nitrogen starvation to promote the formation of antibiotic-tolerant persister cells by elevating levels of the secondary messenger (p)ppGpp.

Emotions and health: The impact of emotions, emotions regulation, music, and acculturation on health

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Bongard ◽  
Volker Hodapp ◽  
Sonja Rohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
Expression Behavior ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Our unit investigates the relationship of emotional processes (experience, expression, and coping), their physiological correlates and possible health outcomes. We study domain specific anger expression behavior and associated cardio-vascular loads and found e.g. that particularly an open anger expression at work is associated with greater blood pressure. Furthermore, we demonstrated that women may be predisposed for the development of certain mental disorders because of their higher disgust sensitivity. We also pointed out that the suppression of negative emotions leads to increased physiological stress responses which results in a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases. We could show that relaxation as well as music activity like singing in a choir causes increases in the local immune parameter immunoglobuline A. Finally, we are investigating connections between migrants’ strategy of acculturation and health and found e.g. elevated cardiovascular stress responses in migrants when they where highly adapted to the German culture.

Childbirth and Posttraumatic Stress Responses

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eelco Olde ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber ◽  
Onno van der Hart ◽  
Victor J.M. Pop
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
The Impact

Childbirth has been identified as a possible traumatic experience, leading to traumatic stress responses and even to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The current study investigated the psychometric properties of the Dutch version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) in a group of women who recently gave birth (N = 435). In addition, a comparison was made between the original IES and the IES-R. The scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.88). Using confirmatory factor analysis no support was found for a three-factor structure of an intrusion, an avoidance, and a hyperarousal factor. Goodness of fit was only reasonable, even after fitting one intrusion item on the hyperarousal scale. The IES-R correlated significantly with scores on depression and anxiety self-rating scales, as well as with scores on a self-rating scale of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the IES-R can be used for studying posttraumatic stress reactions in women who recently gave birth, the original IES proved to be a better instrument compared to the IES-R. It is concluded that adding the hyperarousal scale to the IES-R did not make the scale stronger.

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