scholarly journals Relationships between root respiration rate and root morphology, chemistry and anatomy in Larix gmelinii and Fraxinus mandshurica

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jia ◽  
N. B. McLaughlin ◽  
J. Gu ◽  
X. Li ◽  
Z. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Larix Gmelinii ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica

N fertilization affects on soil respiration, microbial biomass and root respiration in Larix gmelinii and Fraxinus mandshurica plantations in China

2010 ◽  
Vol 333 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxia Jia ◽  
Zhengquan Wang ◽  
Xingpeng Li ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Larix Gmelinii ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica

INCREASED CARBON LOSS VIA ROOT RESPIRATION AND IMPAIRED ROOT MORPHOLOGY UNDER FREE-AIR OZONE ENRICHMENT ADVERSELY AFFECT RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) PRODUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-508
Author(s):  
T. J. KOU ◽  
L. K. LAI ◽  
S. K. LAM ◽  
D. CHEN ◽  
J. HE
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Autotrophic Respiration ◽  
Belowground Processes ◽  
Free Air

SUMMARYThe increasing tropospheric ozone concentration [O3] strongly affects plant growth. However, the response of belowground processes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) systems to higher O3 is not well understood. The grain production, belowground biomass partitioning, root morphology and activity of rice (cv. Shanyou 63) were investigated in a free-air O3 enrichment platform at four key growth stages. Elevated O3 (EO3, 50% above the ambient O3) significantly decreased the grain yield and total biomass at the grain milky mature stage, root biomass at the tillering stage and root to shoot ratios (RRS) at the flowering and grain filling stages. The effects of EO3 on root morphology and activity varied among rice growth stage. EO3 significantly decreased root length, density, area, diameter and volume at the flowering stage, but EO3 significantly decreased various root morphological indices at the tillering, grain filling and milky mature stages. EO3 significantly increased the specific root respiration rate (root activity) and root respiration rate (autotrophic respiration) at grain filling and milky mature stages. Higher root autotrophic respiration and lower RRS in response to EO3 would reduce allocation of assimilated carbon to root growth, adversely affecting rice productivity. Our findings are critical for understanding the O3-induced impairment of belowground processes and carbon cycling in rice cropping systems and breeding of O3-tolerant cultivars under higher [O3] scenarios.

Responses of fine root exudation, respiration, and morphology in three early successional tree species to increased air humidity and different soil nitrogen sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marili Sell ◽  
Ivika Ostonen ◽  
Gristin Rohula-Okunev ◽  
Linda Rusalepp ◽  
Azadeh Rezapour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Fine Root Morphology ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Global climate change scenarios predict an increase in air temperature, precipitation, and air humidity for northern latitudes. Elevated air humidity may significantly reduce the water flux through forest canopies and affect interactions between water and nutrient uptake. However, we have limited understanding of how altered transpiration would affect root respiration and carbon (C) exudation as fine root morphology acclimates to different water flux. We investigated the effects of elevated air relative humidity (eRH) and different inorganic nitrogen sources (NO3− and NH4+) on above and belowground traits in hybrid aspen (Populus × wettsteinii Hämet-Ahti), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) grown under controlled climate chamber conditions. The eRH significantly decreased the transpiration flux in all species, decreased root mass-specific exudation in pine, and increased root respiration in aspen. eRH also affected fine root morphology, with specific root area increasing for birch but decreasing in pine. The species comparison revealed that pine had the highest C exudation, while birch had the highest root respiration rate. Both humidity and nitrogen treatments affected the share of absorptive and pioneer roots within fine roots; however, the response was species-specific. The proportion of absorptive roots was highest in birch and aspen, the share of pioneer roots was greatest in aspen, and the share of transport roots was greatest in pine. Fine roots with lower root tissue density were associated with pioneer root tips and had a higher C exudation rate. Our findings underline the importance of considering species-specific differences in relation to air humidity and soil nitrogen availability that interactively affect the C input–output balance. We highlight the role of changes in the fine root functional distribution as an important acclimation mechanism of trees in response to environmental change.

scholarly journals ESTIMATING FINE_ROOT LONGEVITY OF FRAXINUS MANDSHURICAAND LARIX GMELINII USING MINI-RHIZOTRONS

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU Shui-Qiang ◽  
◽  
WANG Zheng-Quan ◽  
SHI Jian-Wei ◽  
QUAN Xian-Kui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larix Gmelinii ◽  
Fraxinus Mandshurica

scholarly journals Effects of Different Fumigants on the Replanted Soil Environment and Growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings

HortScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ran Chen ◽  
Weitao Jiang ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
Fengbing Pan ◽  
Hai Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Root Respiration ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Apple Replant Disease ◽  
Calcium Cyanamide ◽  
Malus Hupehensis ◽  
Metham Sodium

Apple replant disease (ARD) has been reported in all major fruit-growing regions of the world and is often caused by biotic factors (pathogen fungi) and abiotic factors (phenolic compounds). Soil chemical fumigation can kill soil pathogenic fungi; however, the traditionally used fumigant methyl bromide has been banned because of its ozone-depleting effects. There is thus a need to identify greener fumigant candidates. We characterized the effects of different fumigants on the replanted soil environment and the growth characteristics of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. All five experimental treatments [treatment 1 (T1), metham-sodium; treatment 2 (T2), dazomet; treatment 3 (T3), calcium cyanamide; treatment 4 (T4), 1,3-dichloropropene; and treatment 5 (T5), methyl bromide] promoted significantly the biomass, root growth, and root respiration rate of M. hupehensis seedlings and the ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–-N) contents of replanted soil. Metham sodium (T1) and dazomet (T2) had stronger effects compared with 1,3-dichloropropene (T4) and calcium cyanamide (T3). At 172 days after T1, the height, root length, and root respiration rate of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings, and the NH4+-N and NO3–-N contents of replanted soil increased by 91.64%, 97.67%, 69.78%, 81.98%, and 27.44%, respectively, compared with the control. Thus, dazomet and metham sodium were determined to be the optimal fumigants for use in practical applications.

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