scholarly journals Quantifying the effect of nitrogen-induced physiological and structural changes on poplar growth using a carbon-balance model

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Coll ◽  
R. Schneider ◽  
F. Berninger ◽  
S. Domenicano ◽  
C. Messier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Poplar Growth

Soil organic carbon sequestration potential for Canadian Agricultural Ecoregions calculated using the Introductory Carbon Balance Model

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Bolinder ◽  
O. Andrén ◽  
T. Kätterer ◽  
L -E Parent
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Soil Biological Activity ◽  
Sequestration Potential

The potential for storage of atmospheric CO2-C as soil organic C (SOC) in agroecosystems depends largely on soil biological activity and the quantity and quality of annual C inputs to soil. In this study we used the Introductory Carbon Balance Model (ICBM) approach driven by daily standard weather station data, specific soil properties and crop characteristics at the scale of Canadian agricultural ecoregions. The objectives were to calculate a climate-dependent soil biological activity parameter representative for annual agricultural crop production systems (re_crop) and to estimate the effect of fallow (re_fallow). These parameters are based on the daily product of soil temperature and stored water that influence biological activity in the arable layer, and are used to adjust the decomposition rates of the ICBM SOC pools. We also tested re_crop and re_fallow on SOC stock change data for different site and treatment combinations from long-term field experiments located in some of the ecoregions. An re_crop value of 0.95 for western ecoregions was on average 0.23 units lower than that of the eastern ecoregions, indicating a lower decomposition rate of SOC. Although the estimated annual C inputs to soil for small-grain cereals were on average ≈7.5% higher in the eastern ecoregions (305 vs. 285 g C m-2 yr-1), the overall results suggest that the western ecoregions would have a greater potential to maintain high SOC levels in the long term. However, these parameters varied between ecoregions and, consequently, the SOC sequestration potential was not always higher for the western ecoregions. The effect of fallow was on average ≈0.04, i.e., SOC decomposed slightly faster under fallow. Predictions for 24 out of 33 site and treatment combinations across Canada were significantly improved (P = 0.003), compared with a previous application with the ICBM that did not differentiate between crops and fallow. The methodology used here enabled us to examine regional differences in the potential for SOC sequestration as a balance between annual C inputs to soil and soil biological activity. Key words: Annual C inputs, climate, fallow, soil biological activity, agroecosystems

scholarly journals Bayesian calibration of a carbon balance model PREBAS using data from permanent growth experiments and national forest inventory

2019 ◽  
Vol 440 ◽  
pp. 208-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Minunno ◽  
Mikko Peltoniemi ◽  
Sanna Härkönen ◽  
Tuomo Kalliokoski ◽  
Harri Makinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Bayesian Calibration ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Growth Experiments

scholarly journals Drought impacts on ecosystem functions of the U.S. National Forests and Grasslands: Part I evaluation of a water and carbon balance model

2015 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanlei Sun ◽  
Ge Sun ◽  
Peter Caldwell ◽  
Steven G. McNulty ◽  
Erika Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
National Forests ◽  
Drought Impacts ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Analysis of the Wind Field Evolution Associated with the Extratropical Transition of Bonnie (1998)

2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 2047-2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark Evans ◽  
Robert E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Outer Core ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Extratropical Transition ◽  
Wind Maximum ◽  
Outer Periphery ◽  
Conveyor Belts ◽  
Work Done

Abstract Extratropical transition brings about a number of environmentally induced structural changes within a transitioning tropical cyclone. Of particular interest among these changes is the acceleration of the wind field away from the cyclone’s center of circulation along with the outward movement of the radial wind maximum, together termed wind field expansion. Previous informal hypotheses aimed at understanding this evolution do not entirely capture the observed expansion, while a review of the literature shows no formal work done upon the topic beyond analyzing its occurrence. This study seeks to analyze the physical and dynamical mechanisms behind the wind field expansion using model simulations of a representative transition case, North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Bonnie of 1998. The acceleration of the wind field along the outer periphery of the cyclone is found to be a function of the net import of absolute angular momentum within the cyclone’s environment along inflowing trajectories. This evolution is shown to be a natural outgrowth of the development of isentropic conveyor belts and asymmetries associated with extratropical cyclones. Asymmetries in the outer-core wind field manifest themselves via the tightening and development of height and temperature gradients within the cyclone’s environment. Outward movement of the radial wind maximum occurs coincident with integrated net cooling found inside the radius of maximum winds. Tests using a secondary circulation balance model show the radial wind maximum evolution to be similar yet opposite to the response noted for intensifying tropical cyclones with contracting eyewalls.

scholarly journals Potential quality of grapes: basis of a practical estimation model

OENO One ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Alain Carbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Grape Berry ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Practical Model ◽  
General Experience

<p style="text-align: justify;">The agrometeorological model of potential grape berry sugar content joined to the carbon balance model of the triptych « Exposed Leaf Area – Dry Matter Production or Yield – Vigour », with the consideration of moderate water limitation standards and the general experience of berry maturity, lead to the proposal of a practical model for evaluating the potential grape berry quality useful for training vineyards.</p>

scholarly journals Plant respiration: controlled by photosynthesis or biomass?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Collalti ◽  
Mark G. Tjoelker ◽  
Günter Hoch ◽  
Annikki Mäkelä ◽  
Gabriele Guidolotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Principles ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Forest Research ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Biomass Turnover ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Plant Respiration

AbstractTwo simplifying hypotheses have been proposed for whole-plant respiration. One links respiration to photosynthesis; the other to biomass. Using a first-principles carbon balance model with a prescribed live woody biomass turnover, applied at a forest research site where multidecadal measurements are available for comparison, we show that if turnover is fast the accumulation of respiring biomass is low and respiration depends primarily on photosynthesis; while if turnover is slow the accumulation of respiring biomass is high and respiration depends primarily on biomass. But the first scenario is inconsistent with evidence for substantial carryover of fixed carbon between years, while the second implies far too great an increase in respiration during stand development – leading to depleted carbohydrate reserves and an unrealistically high mortality risk. These two mutually incompatible hypotheses are thus both incorrect. Respiration isnotlinearly related either to photosynthesis or to biomass, but it is more strongly controlled by recent photosynthates (and reserve availability) than by total biomass.

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