scholarly journals Differences in transpiration characteristics of Japanese beech trees, Fagus crenata, in Japan

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 748-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tateishi ◽  
T. Kumagai ◽  
Y. Suyama ◽  
T. Hiura
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Japanese Beech

Anatomical and Topochemical Aspects of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata) Cell Walls After Treatment with the Ionic Liquid, 1-Ethylpyridinium Bromide

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1562-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Kanbayashi ◽  
Hisashi Miyafuji
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Japanese Beech

AbstractChanges in the ultrastructure and chemical components, and their distribution in Japanese beech (Fagus crenata), during the ionic liquid 1-ethylpyridinium bromide ([EtPy][Br]) treatment were examined at the cellular level by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal Raman microscopy. Each of the tissues, including wood fibers, vessels and parenchyma cells treated with [EtPy][Br] showed specific morphological characteristics. Furthermore, lignin can be preferentially liquefied and eluted in [EtPy][Br] from the cell walls when compared to polysaccharides. However, the delignification was heterogeneous on the cell walls as lignin maintained a relatively high-concentration at the compound middle lamella, cell corners, inner surface of the secondary wall, and pits after [EtPy][Br] treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of acetic acid addition on chemical conversion of woods as treated by semi-flow hot-compressed water

Holzforschung ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natthanon Phaiboonsilpa ◽  
Shiro Saka
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Japanese Cedar ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Japanese Beech ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
One Step ◽  
Decomposition Behavior ◽  
Hot Compressed Water

Abstract Effect of acetic acid (AcOH) addition on chemical conversion of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata), as a hardwood, and Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica), as a softwood, was investigated in the course of treatment in a semi-flow reactor with hot-compressed water (H-CW). One-step treatment of Japanese beech was preliminarily performed to examine the effect of AcOH concentrations on the decomposition behavior at 150–290°C/10 MPa/30 min. Based on the obtained results, two-step semi-flow H-CW treatment with 1 wt% AcOH at 210°C/10 MPa/15 min (1st stage) and 260°C/10 MPa/15 min (2nd stage) was thus selected as the most appropriate treatment and a comparative study of the two woods was accordingly conducted. The differences in decomposition behavior observed between the two woods clearly proved that the addition of AcOH played an important role in enhancing the hydrolysis and decomposition of cell wall components in Japanese cedar due to the lesser amount of acetyl residue in softwood hemicelluloses and its lignin structure.

Temporal variations in isolation frequency of endophytic fungi of Japanese beech

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Sahashi ◽  
Takanori Kubono ◽  
Yukiko Miyasawa ◽  
Shin'ichiro Ito
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Organ Specificity ◽  
Japanese Beech ◽  
Isolation Frequency ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Unidentified Species

To determine the dominant fungal endophytes of the Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) and to monitor their isolation frequency, we isolated fungi from symptomless organs of beech including leaves, petioles, and current and old (1- to 5-year-old) twigs after surface sterilization. Of the 13 fungal taxa obtained, 3 were isolated most often. An unidentified species of Discula and an unidentified sterile fungus, Lb, were isolated frequently from leaves, and an unidentified species of Phomopsis was isolated most frequently from twigs. The isolation frequency over the growing season varied for the two dominant fungal species in the leaves, Discula sp. and Lb. These two species had similar patterns of isolation, even in petioles and current-year twigs, although isolation frequencies of a given species varied with organs. An organ-specific distribution of the fungal species in the host plant was apparent. The three fungal species noted above were considered to be the dominant endophytes of the Japanese beech.Key words: fungal endophyte, Fagus crenata, isolation frequency, organ specificity.

Comparative study of the topochemistry on delignification of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata) in subcritical phenol and subcritical water

Holzforschung ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1047-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Takada ◽  
Yoshiki Tanaka ◽  
Eiji Minami ◽  
Shiro Saka
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Subcritical Water ◽  
Beech Wood ◽  
Middle Lamella ◽  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Residual Lignin ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Japanese Beech ◽  
Compound Middle Lamella

Abstract The delignification of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata) has been evaluated under conditions of subcritical phenol (230°C/1.2 MPa) and subcritical water (230°C/2.9 MPa). In the former, more than 90% of the original lignin was decomposed and removed, while in subcritical water, around half of the original lignin was left as insoluble residue. Ultraviolet (UV) microscopic images of the insoluble residues showed that the lignin in the secondary walls is decomposed and removed under both conditions. These images also revealed that the lignin in the compound middle lamella (CML) is resistant to subcritical water, but not to subcritical phenol. Results of alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation of the residual lignin confirmed these observations. Lignin in Japanese beech wood was phenolated by subcritical phenol, which was efficiently removed due to its high solubility in the reactant. It is obvious that CML is rich in condensed-type linkages facilitating rapid solvolysis by phenol. The topochemistry of the plant has a pronounced impact on its delignification behavior.

scholarly journals Effects of Climate on the Radial Growth of Japanese beech (Fagus crenata) at Various Sites in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudong Shen ◽  
Sachiko Wakui ◽  
Yuko Takehara ◽  
Yasuharu Hoshino ◽  
Yasuhiro Utsumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Japanese Beech

Effects of Nitrogen Supply on the Sensitivity to O3 of Growth and Photosynthesis of Japanese Beech (Fagus crenata) Seedlings

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yamaguchi ◽  
Makoto Watanabe ◽  
Naoki Matsuo ◽  
Junichi Naba ◽  
Ryo Funada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fagus Crenata ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Japanese Beech
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