Effect of elevated ozone, nitrogen availability and mesophyll conductance on the temperature responses of leaf photosynthetic parameters in poplar

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yansen Xu ◽  
Bo Shang ◽  
Zhaozhong Feng ◽  
Lasse Tarvainen
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance

Abstract Although ozone (O3) concentration and nitrogen (N) availability are well known to affect plant physiology, their impacts on the photosynthetic temperature response are poorly understood. We addressed this knowledge gap by exposing seedlings of hybrid poplar clone ‘107’ (Populous euramericana cv. ‘74/76’) to elevated O3 (E-O3) and N availability variation in a factorial experiment. E-O3 decreased light-saturated net photosynthesis (Asat), mesophyll conductance (gm) and apparent maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax, based on intercellular CO2 concentration) but not actual Vcmax (based on chloroplast CO2 concentration) and increased respiration in light (Rd) at 25 °C. Nitrogen fertilization increased Asat, gm, Vcmax and the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax) and reduced Rd at 25 °C and the activation energy of actual Vcmax. No E-O3 or E-O3 x N interaction effects on the temperature response parameters were detected, simplifying the inclusion of O3 impacts on photosynthesis in vegetation models. gm peaked at 30 °C, apparent Vcmax and Jmax at 32–33 °C, while the optimum temperatures of actual Vcmax and Jmax exceeded the measured temperature range (15–35 °C). Ignoring gm would, thus, have resulted in mistakenly attributing the decrease in Asat at high temperatures to reduced biochemical capacity rather than to greater diffusion limitation.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis and Related Physiological Parameters Differences Affected the Isoprene Emission Rate among 10 Typical Tree Species in Subtropical Metropolises

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 954
Author(s):  
Junyao Lyu ◽  
Feng Xiong ◽  
Ningxiao Sun ◽  
Yiheng Li ◽  
Chunjiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Isoprene Emission

Volatile organic compound (VOCs) emission is an important cause of photochemical smog and particulate pollution in urban areas, and urban vegetation has been presented as an important source. Different tree species have different emission levels, so adjusting greening species collocation is an effective way to control biogenic VOC pollution. However, there is a lack of measurements of tree species emission in subtropical metropolises, and the factors influencing the species-specific differences need to be further clarified. This study applied an in situ method to investigate the isoprene emission rates of 10 typical tree species in subtropical metropolises. Photosynthesis and related parameters including photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, which can influence the emission rate of a single species, were also measured. Results showed Salix babylonica always exhibited a high emission level, whereas Elaeocarpus decipiens and Ligustrum lucidum maintained a low level throughout the year. Differences in photosynthetic rate and stomatal CO2 conductance are the key parameters related to isoprene emission among different plants. Through the establishment of emission inventory and determination of key photosynthetic parameters, the results provide a reference for the selection of urban greening species, as well as seasonal pollution control, and help to alleviate VOC pollution caused by urban forests.

scholarly journals Effects of lead on growth, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant activity and photosynthetic responses in Phoebe chekiangensis seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1637-1648
Author(s):  
Yujie YANG ◽  
Wenjie LI ◽  
Xinru HE ◽  
Die HU ◽  
Yongjun FEI
Keyword(s):  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses ◽  
Intercellular Co2

Experiments were conducted on 1-year Phoebe chekiangensis seedlings treated by different concentration (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg/L) of Pb (NO3)2. Sixty days later, determination was implemented on seedling growth, physiological and photosynthetic parameters. The results showed that the lower concentration treated could promote the growth of the seedlings. But with the increase of concentration of lead, P. chekiangensis seedling height increment, ground diameter growth, whole biomass, total root surface area, root volume, total root length and root activity decreased, while root-shoot ratio present a rising trend. With the increase of concentration of Pb(NO3)2 solution, the membrane permeability and MDA content of P. chekiangensis seedlings showed a trend of rise after the first reduce; the protein content and chlorophyll content presented a trend of decrease after the first increase; while the POD, SOD and CAT activity increased firstly but decreased afterwards; the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate were all increase at first then decrease, which indicated that protection enzyme activity and membrane was damaged thus the growth of P. chekiangensis seedlings was inhibited.

Effects of drought on photosynthesis in grapevines under field conditions: an evaluation of stomatal and mesophyll limitations

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Flexas ◽  
Josefina Bota ◽  
José M. Escalona ◽  
Bartolomé Sampol ◽  
Hipólito Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Electron Transport Rate ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Combined Measurements

The effect of diffusional and photochemical limitations to photosynthesis was assessed in field-grown water-stressed grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) by combined measurements of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence. Drought was slowly induced, and the progressive decline of photosynthesis was examined in different grapevine cultivars along a continuous gradient of maximum mid-morning values of stomatal conductance (g), which were used as an integrative indicator of the water-stress conditions endured by the leaves. Initial decreases of g were accompanied by decreases of substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci), the estimated chloroplastic CO2 concentration (Cc) and net photosynthesis (AN), while electron transport rate (ETR) remained unaffected. With increasing drought, g, AN, Ci and Cc further decreased, accompanied by slight decreases of ETR and of the estimated mesophyll conductance (gmes). Severe drought led to strong reductions of both g and gmes, as well as of ETR. The apparent carboxylation efficiency and the compensation point for CO2 remained unchanged under severe drought when analysed on a Cc, rather than a Ci, basis, suggesting that previously reported metabolic impairment was probably due to decreased gmes.

scholarly journals The Effects of Various Doses and Types of Effective Microorganism Applications on Microbial and Enzyme Activity of Medium and the Photosynthetic Activity of Scarlet Sage

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Klaudia Borowiak ◽  
Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka ◽  
Alicja Niewiadomska ◽  
Anna Budka ◽  
Anita Schroeter-Zakrzewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Activity ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Effective Microorganism ◽  
Intercellular Co2

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of various types and levels of effective microorganism (EM) applications on scarlet sage. For this purpose, EMs were applied at the following three concentrations: 1:10, 1:50, and 1:100. Moreover, two types of treatments (spraying and watering) and a combination of the two were also examined. Photosynthetic intensity was analyzed, including the net photosynthesis rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gS), and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci). Additionally, chlorophyll a, b, and a + b, and the chlorophyll b/a ratio were analyzed. The microbial content in the medium and soil enzyme activity were also evaluated to examine the effect of EMs on soil biological properties. The investigations revealed a high positive effect of EMs on the photosynthetic activity of most EM combinations compared with the control. The greatest positive effect was noted for the highest EM concentration application for both types of treatments. There was no such influence on soil activity. An increase was noted only in the number of fungi and dehydrogenase activity, while the rest of the soil biological status parameters revealed significant variability, and mostly small or no effects were recorded.

What determines rates of photosynthesis per unit nitrogen in Eucalyptus seedlings?

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Warren ◽  
Mark A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Seed Origin ◽  
Maximum Rate Of Carboxylation

Species originating from xeric sites are characterised by slower rates of photosynthesis per unit nitrogen (PNUE) than species from mesic sites, but we lack mechanistic explanations for these interspecific differences. We examined N allocation to Rubisco and chlorophyll, and photosynthetic characteristics in seedlings of nine Eucalyptus species grown in a fully sunlit glasshouse with an optimal supply of nutrients. Species were selected from mesic (1800 mm year–1 rainfall) through to semi-arid habitats (300 mm year–1). All species were characterised by allocation of a large proportion of N to Rubisco (32–48%) with high in vivo specific activity. Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) varied between 260 and 300 μmol mol–1, and thus, stomatal limitations were low in all species. This combination of traits resulted in a PNUE (172–335 μmol mol–1 s–1) that was higher than is commonly observed in tree species and which may be related to the rapid growth, water-spender strategy of Eucalyptus seedlings. There were significant differences in photosynthetic parameters and N allocation among species, but these were only weakly related to rainfall at the site of seed origin. There were correlations of Ci with PNUE but a sensitivity analysis suggested that interspecific variation in Ci explained at most 7% of variation in PNUE. Photosynthesis and PNUE were also rather insensitive to large interspecific differences in RuBP-limited rate of electron transport per unit N (Jmax / N), because photosynthesis was primarily limited by the maximum rate of carboxylation (Vcmax). PNUE was most sensitive to changes in N allocation to Rubisco and Vcmax / Rubisco.

scholarly journals Selenite Foliar Application Alleviates Arsenic Uptake, Accumulation, Migration and Increases Photosynthesis of Different Upland Rice Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3621
Author(s):  
Yongzhen Ding ◽  
Xuerong Di ◽  
Gareth J. Norton ◽  
Luke Beesley ◽  
Xingxing Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Arsenic Uptake ◽  
And Migration ◽  
As Stress

This study investigates how arsenic (As) uptake, accumulation, and migration responds to selenium (Se) foliar application (0–5.0 mg × kg−1). Rice varieties known to accumulate low (DOURADOAGULHA) and high (SINALOAA68) concentrations of arsenic were chosen to grow on soil with different As concentrations (20.1, 65.2, 83.9 mg × kg−1). The results showed that Se of 1.0 mg × L−1 significantly alleviated As stress on upland rice grown on the As-contaminated soil. Under light (65.2 mg × kg−1) and moderate (83.9 mg × kg−1) As concentration treatments, the biomass of upland rice was increased by 23.15% and 36.46% for DOURADOAGULHA, and 46.3% and 54.9% for SINALOAA68. However, the high Se dose (5.0 mg × kg−1) had no significant effect on biomass and heights of upland rice compared to plants where no Se was added. Se significantly decreased As contents in stems and leaves and had different effects on As transfer coefficients for the two rice varieties: when grown on soil with low and moderate As concentrations, Se could reduce the transfer coefficient from stems to leaves, but when grown on the high As soils, this was not the case. The chlorophyll content in plants grown in soil with the moderate concentration of As could be improved by 27.4%–55.3% compared with no Se treatment. Under different As stress, the Se foliar application increased the net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, which meant that Se could enhance the photosynthesis of rice. The intercellular CO2 concentration variation implied that the stomatal or non-stomatal limitations could both occur for different rice varieties under different Se application doses. In conclusion, under moderate As stress, foliar application of Se (1.0 mg × L−1) is recommend to overcome plant damage and As accumulation.

scholarly journals A test of rapid leaf photosynthesis-intercellular CO2 concentration response (RACiR) technique for evergreens and herbs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanhong Lin ◽  
Di Tian ◽  
Changti Zhao ◽  
Zhenyue Liu ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Intercellular Co2

Using traditional photosynthesis-intercellular CO concentration (A-C) response (TACiR) curves to obtain the maximum rates of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase carboxylation (V) and electron transport (J) is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Instead, the rapid A-C response (RACiR) technique provides a potential way with high efficiency. However, multiple parameter settings of RACiR technique for different plant life forms remain unclear. Here, we used Li-Cor 6800 to test the applicability and optimum parameter settings of RACiR curves for evergreens and herbs. We set 11 groups of [CO], i.e., R1 (400-1500 ppm), R2 (400-200-800 ppm), R3 (420-20-620 ppm), R4 (420-20-820 ppm), R5 (420-20-1020 ppm), R6 (420-20-1220 ppm), R7 (420-20-1520 ppm), R8 (420-20-1820 ppm), R9 (450-50-650 ppm), R10 (650-50 ppm) and R11 (650-50-650 ppm), and made contrasts between TACiR and RACiR curves. We found that V and J calculated by TACiR and RACiR overall showed no significant differences across 11 [CO] gradients (P<0.05). The efficiency and accuracy of R2, R3, R4, R9 and R10 showed higher superiority than others. Moreover, the accuracy of manual empty chamber correction method was higher than the automatic method. In conclusion, the RACiR technique could be generally used to obtain photosynthetic parameters with higher efficiency than traditional methods for various life forms.

scholarly journals Shade stress on maize seedlings biomass production and photosynthetic traits

2022 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuzheng Yuan ◽  
Jiayou Liu ◽  
Zhiyong Cai ◽  
Huiqiang Wang ◽  
Jiafeng Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Stress Treatment ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: The responses of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars, ‘LY336’ (shade tolerant) and ‘LC803’ (shade sensitive), to shade stress in a pot experiment conducted in the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons were investigated. The impact of 50% shade stress treatment on shoot biomass, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was evaluated. The shoot biomass of the two maize hybrids was decreased significantly by shade stress treatment, for shade stress 7 d, the LC803 and LY336 were reduced by 56.7% and 44.4% compared with natural light. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of LY336 were not significantly affected by shade stress, whereas those of LC803 were significantly affected, the Fo increased under shade stress; however Fm, FV/FM and ΦPSII were decreased under shade stress. Among photosynthetic parameters measured, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate were significantly decreased compared with natural light, LY336 and LC803 reduction by 28.0%, 22.2%, 57.7% and 35.5%, 18.9%, 62.4%; however, intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was significantly increased, for the two cultivars. Under shade stress for different durations (1, 3, 5, 7 d), Pn, Gs, Ci, and MDA content differed significantly between the two cultivars. Results indicated that different maize genotypes showed different responses to shading. Shade-tolerant genotypes are only weakly affected by shade stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Bacillus spp. and Brevibacillus sp. on the Photosynthesis and Redox Status of Solanum lycopersicum

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Marino Costa-Santos ◽  
Nuno Mariz-Ponte ◽  
Maria Celeste Dias ◽  
Luísa Moura ◽  
Guilhermina Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
The Impact

Plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are gaining attention as a sustainable alternative to current agrochemicals. This study evaluated the impact of three Bacillus spp. (5PB1, 1PB1, FV46) and one Brevibacillus sp. (C9F) on the important crop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) using the model cv. ‘MicroTom’. The effects of these isolates were assessed on (a) seedlings’ growth and vigor, and (b) adult potted plants. In potted plants, several photosynthetic parameters (chlorophylls (a and b), carotenoids and anthocyanins contents, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, net CO2 photosynthetic rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration, and on chlorophyll fluorescence yields of light- and dark-adapted leaves)), as well as soluble sugars and starch contents, were quantified. Additionally, the effects on redox status were evaluated. While the growth of seedlings was, overall, not influenced by the strains, some effects were observed on adult plants. The Bacillus safensis FV46 stimulated the content of pigments, compared to C9F. Bacillus zhangzhouensis 5PB1 increased starch levels and was positively correlated with some parameters of the photophosphorylation and the gas exchange phases. Interestingly, Bacillus megaterium 1PB1 decreased superoxide (O2−) content, and B. safensis FV46 promoted non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses, increasing total phenol content levels. These results, conducted on a model cultivar, support the theory that these isolates differently act on tomato plant physiology, and that their activity depends on the age of the plant, and may differently influence photosynthesis. It would now be interesting to analyze the influence of these bacteria using commercial cultivars.

scholarly journals Molecular and Physiological Responses of Rice and Weedy Rice to Heat and Drought Stress

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Leonard Bonilha Piveta ◽  
Nilda Roma-Burgos ◽  
José Alberto Noldin ◽  
Vívian Ebeling Viana ◽  
Claudia de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
World Population ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Rice is the staple food for about half of the world population. Rice grain yield and quality are affected by climatic changes. Arguably, rice cultivars’ genetic diversity is diminished from decades of breeding using narrow germplasm, requiring introgressions from other Oryza species, weedy or wild. Weedy rice has high genetic diversity, which is an essential resource for rice crop improvement. Here, we analyzed the phenotypic, physiological, and molecular profiles of two rice cultivars (IRGA 424 and SCS119 Rubi) and five weedy rice (WR), from five different Brazilian regions, in response to heat and drought stress. Drought and heat stress affected the phenotype and photosynthetic parameters in different ways in rice and WR genotypes. A WR from Northern Brazil yielded better under heat stress than the non-stressed check. Drought stress upregulated HSF7A while heat stress upregulated HSF2a. HSP74.8, HSP80.2, and HSP24.1 were upregulated in both conditions. Based on all evaluated traits, we hypothesized that in drought conditions increasing HSFA7 expression is related to tiller number and that increase WUE (water use efficiency) and HSFA2a expression are associated with yield. In heat conditions, Gs (stomatal conductance) and E’s increases may be related to plant height; tiller number is inversely associated with HSPs expression, and chlorophyll content and Ci (intercellular CO2 concentration) may be related to yield. Based on morphology, physiology, and gene regulation in heat and drought stress, we can discriminate genotypes that perform well under these stress conditions and utilize such genotypes as a source of genetic diversity for rice breeding.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document