scholarly journals FutureTox: Building the Road for 21st Century Toxicology and Risk Assessment Practices

2013 ◽  
Vol 137 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Craig Rowlands ◽  
Miriam Sander ◽  
James S. Bus ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
The Road

scholarly journals High-Accuracy Tracking Using Ultrawideband Signals for Enhanced Safety of Cyclists

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Dardari ◽  
Nicoló Decarli ◽  
Anna Guerra ◽  
Ashraf Al-Rimawi ◽  
Víctor Marín Puchades ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Localization System ◽  
Dynamic Conditions ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users

In this paper, an ultrawideband localization system to improve the cyclists’ safety is presented. The architectural solutions proposed consist of tags placed on bikes, whose positions have to be estimated, and anchors, acting as reference nodes, located at intersections and/or on vehicles. The peculiarities of the localization system in terms of accuracy and cost enable its adoption with enhanced risk assessment units situated on the infrastructure/vehicle, depending on the architecture chosen, as well as real-time warning to the road users. Experimental results reveal that the localization error, in both static and dynamic conditions, is below 50 cm in most of the cases.

scholarly journals Mid-level generalizations of generative linguistics: Experimental robustness, cognitive underpinnings and the interdisciplinarity paradox

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-374
Author(s):  
Evelina Leivada
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Universal Grammar ◽  
Generative Syntax ◽  
Generative Linguistics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rigorous Testing ◽  
Rule Out

Abstract This work examines the nature of the so-called “mid-level generalizations of generative linguistics” (MLGs). In 2015, Generative Syntax in the 21st Century: The Road Ahead was organized. One of the consensus points that emerged related to the need for establishing a canon, the absence of which was argued to be a major challenge for the field, raising issues of interdisciplinarity and interaction. Addressing this challenge, one of the outcomes of this conference was a list of MLGs. These refer to results that are well established and uncontroversially accepted. The aim of the present work is to embed some MLGs into a broader perspective. I take the Cinque hierarchies for adverbs and adjectives and the Final-over-Final Constraint as case studies in order to determine their experimental robustness. It is showed that at least some MLGs face problems of inadequacy when tapped into through rigorous testing, because they rule out data that are actually attested. I then discuss the nature of some MLGs and show that in their watered-down versions, they do hold and can be derived from general cognitive/computational biases. This voids the need to cast them as language-specific principles, in line with the Chomskyan urge to approach Universal Grammar from below.

Hormesis is central to toxicology, pharmacology and risk assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J Calabrese
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Biological Organization ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Toxicological Research ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Dose Responses ◽  
Chemical Class

This paper summarizes numerous conceptual and experimental advances over the past two decades in the study of hormesis. Hormesis is now generally accepted as a real and reproducible biological phenomenon, being highly generalized and independent of biological model, endpoint measured and chemical class/physical stressor. The quantitative features of the hormetic dose response are generally highly consistent, regardless of the model and mechanism, and represent a quantitative index of biological plasticity at multiple levels of biological organization. The hormetic dose-response model has been demonstrated to make far more accurate predictions of responses in low dose zones than either the threshold or linear at low dose models. Numerous therapeutic agents widely used by humans are based on the hormetic dose response and its low dose stimulatory characteristics. It is expected that as low dose responses come to dominate toxicological research that risk assessment practices will incorporate hormetic concepts in the standard setting process.

scholarly journals Design Modification of Automated Power Window Circuit System for Automobiles Air -Condition.

2020 ◽  
pp. 264-270
Author(s):  
Joseph Sekyi-Ansah ◽  
James Kwasi Quaisie ◽  
Isaac Eduyah ◽  
Mohammed Okoe Alhassan ◽  
Eric Quansah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Design Modification ◽  
The Road ◽  
Turn On ◽  
On The Road

Air conditioning has become a key component in the automobile industry now, and almost every vehicle manufactured in the 21st century has air conditioning integrated. Most drivers drive with their air conditioning on while some of their windows are not fully closed; this affects the operation of the air conditioning. In addition, if the driver wants to turn on the air conditioning while driving, he or she has to move up the power windows manually after or before he or she turns on the air conditioning, which may affect his or her concentration on the road. The concept of this power window circuit system is to automatically close the windows after a few seconds when the air conditioner is turned on.

scholarly journals Diabetic Patients Who are Amateur Divers

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Daria Ługowska ◽  
Tomasz Ługowski ◽  
Olga Krzywińska ◽  
Mariusz Kozakiewicz ◽  
Paweł Grzelakowski
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sport Practice ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Diabetes is an “epidemic of the 21st century” and it is estimated that in 2011 6.7% of Poland’s population suffered from diabetes, one quarter of which was unaware of the disease. Such a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus results in an increasing number of physicians being confronted with the problem of qualifying patient with diabetes to partake in amateur sports, including diving. This publication presents the most important information concerning risk assessment, admission of diabetic patients to amateur diving and some proposed protocols of management before and during sport practice.

scholarly journals Risk Refraction: Thoughts on the Victim-Survivor’s Risk Journey through the Criminal Justice Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-190
Author(s):  
Charlotte Barlow ◽  
Sandra Walklate ◽  
Kelly Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Assessment Practices ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Justice Process ◽  
Criminal Justice Process

The limits of inter-agency understandings of risk in the context of intimate partner violence are well documented. Informed by Hester’s (2011) ‘three planet’ analogy and using empirical data in one police force area in the south of England, this paper offers an exploration of intra-agency operations, focusing on police risk assessment practices. Exploring the policing risk lens and the victim-survivor journey together, findings highlight police operate with at least three risk assessment moments (call hander, front-line and Safeguarding Hub) and point to the tensions that result when failing to centralise victim-survivors’ own assessment of their risk. Using complexity theory, this paper examines the complex interplay of risk that occurs when the victim-survivor risk journey intersects with the policing aspect of the criminal justice process.

The Peptidyl Transferase Center: a Window to the Past

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhan R. Tirumalai ◽  
Mario Rivas ◽  
Quyen Tran ◽  
George E. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Code ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Origins Of Life ◽  
Current View ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Peptidyl Transferase ◽  
Peptidyl Transferase Center ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

In his 2001 article, “Translation: in retrospect and prospect,” the late Carl Woese made a prescient observation that “our current view of translation be reformulated to become an all-embracing perspective about which 21st century Biology can develop” (RNA 7:1055–1067, 2001, https://doi:10.1017/s1355838201010615 ). The quest to decipher the origins of life and the road to the genetic code are both inextricably linked with the history of the ribosome. After over 60 years of research, significant progress in our understanding of how ribosomes work has been made.

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