scholarly journals Comparative Gene Expression Profiling in Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell—Derived Cardiocytes and Human and Cynomolgus Heart Tissue

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Puppala ◽  
Leon P. Collis ◽  
Sunny Z. Sun ◽  
Vinicius Bonato ◽  
Xian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals An Important Role for DNMT3A-Mediated DNA Methylation in Cardiomyocyte Metabolism and Contractility

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (16) ◽  
pp. 1562-1578
Author(s):  
Alexandra Madsen ◽  
Grit Höppner ◽  
Julia Krause ◽  
Marc N. Hirt ◽  
Sandra D. Laufer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Engineered Heart Tissue ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Background: DNA methylation acts as a mechanism of gene transcription regulation. It has recently gained attention as a possible therapeutic target in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. However, its exact role in cardiomyocytes remains controversial. Thus, we knocked out the main de novo DNA methyltransferase in cardiomyocytes, DNMT3A, in human induced pluripotent stem cells. Functional consequences of DNA methylation-deficiency under control and stress conditions were then assessed in human engineered heart tissue from knockout human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Methods: DNMT3A was knocked out in human induced pluripotent stem cells by CRISPR/Cas9gene editing. Fibrin-based engineered heart tissue was generated from knockout and control human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes. Development and baseline contractility were analyzed by video-optical recording. Engineered heart tissue was subjected to different stress protocols, including serum starvation, serum variation, and restrictive feeding. Molecular, histological, and ultrastructural analyses were performed afterward. Results: Knockout of DNMT3A in human cardiomyocytes had three main consequences for cardiomyocyte morphology and function: (1) Gene expression changes of contractile proteins such as higher atrial gene expression and lower MYH7/MYH6 ratio correlated with different contraction kinetics in knockout versus wild-type; (2) Aberrant activation of the glucose/lipid metabolism regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma was associated with accumulation of lipid vacuoles within knockout cardiomyocytes; (3) Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α protein instability was associated with impaired glucose metabolism and lower glycolytic enzyme expression, rendering knockout-engineered heart tissue sensitive to metabolic stress such as serum withdrawal and restrictive feeding. Conclusion: The results suggest an important role of DNA methylation in the normal homeostasis of cardiomyocytes and during cardiac stress, which could make it an interesting target for cardiac therapy.

scholarly journals Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocyte-like Cells Provide Insights on Parenteral Nutrition Associated Cholestasis in the Immature Liver

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hang Nghiem-Rao ◽  
Courtney Pfeifer ◽  
Michelle Asuncion ◽  
Joshua Nord ◽  
Daniel Schill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) significantly limits the safety of intravenous parenteral nutrition (PN). Critically ill infants are highly vulnerable to PNAC-related morbidity and mortality, however the impact of hepatic immaturity on PNAC is poorly understood. We examined developmental differences between fetal/infant and adult livers, and used human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (iHLC) to gain insights into the contribution of development to altered sterol metabolism and PNAC. We used RNA-sequencing and computational techniques to compare gene expression patterns in human fetal/infant livers, adult liver, and iHLC. We identified distinct gene expression profiles between the human feta/infant livers compared to adult liver, and close resemblance of iHLC to human developing livers. Compared to adult, both developing livers and iHLC had significant downregulation of xenobiotic, bile acid, and fatty acid metabolism; and lower expression of the sterol metabolizing gene ABCG8. When challenged with stigmasterol, a plant sterol found in intravenous soy lipids, lipid accumulation was significantly higher in iHLC compared to adult-derived HepG2 cells. Our findings provide insights into altered bile acid and lipid metabolizing processes in the immature human liver, and support the use of iHLC as a relevant model system of developing liver to study lipid metabolism and PNAC.

scholarly journals Analysis of Gene Expression in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Human Neurons Exposed to Botulinum Neurotoxin A Subtype 1 and a Type A Atoxic Derivative

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e111238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob M. Scherf ◽  
Xiaoyang Serene Hu ◽  
William H. Tepp ◽  
Konstantin Ichtchenko ◽  
Eric A. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Neurotoxin A ◽  
Human Neurons ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

scholarly journals Single Cell Sequencing of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells (iPSC-RGC) Reveals Distinct Molecular Signatures and RGC Subtypes

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2015
Author(s):  
Harini V. Gudiseva ◽  
Vrathasha Vrathasha ◽  
Jie He ◽  
Devesh Bungatavula ◽  
Joan M. O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Single Cell Sequencing ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

We intend to identify marker genes with differential gene expression (DEG) and RGC subtypes in cultures of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal ganglion cells. Single-cell sequencing was performed on mature and functional iPSC-RGCs at day 40 using Chromium Single Cell 3’ V3 protocols (10X Genomics). Sequencing libraries were run on Illumina Novaseq to generate 150 PE reads. Demultiplexed FASTQ files were mapped to the hg38 reference genome using the STAR package, and cluster analyses were performed using a cell ranger and BBrowser2 software. QC analysis was performed by removing the reads corresponding to ribosomal and mitochondrial genes, as well as cells that had less than 1X mean absolute deviation (MAD), resulting in 4705 cells that were used for further analyses. Cells were separated into clusters based on the gene expression normalization via PCA and TSNE analyses using the Seurat tool and/or Louvain clustering when using BBrowser2 software. DEG analysis identified subsets of RGCs with markers like MAP2, RBPMS, TUJ1, BRN3A, SOX4, TUBB3, SNCG, PAX6 and NRN1 in iPSC-RGCs. Differential expression analysis between separate clusters identified significant DEG transcripts associated with cell cycle, neuron regulatory networks, protein kinases, calcium signaling, growth factor hormones, and homeobox transcription factors. Further cluster refinement identified RGC diversity and subtype specification within iPSC-RGCs. DEGs can be used as biomarkers for RGC subtype classification, which will allow screening model systems that represent a spectrum of diseases with RGC pathology.

Abstract 342: Serum Albumin Hydrogels Alter Excitation-Contraction Coupling in Neonatal Rat Myocytes and Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor J Humphrey ◽  
Manuel M Mazo ◽  
Nadav Amdursky ◽  
Nicholas S Peters ◽  
Molly M Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Calcium Handling ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Reduced Time

Tissue engineering provides a promising method of introducing functional cardiomyocytes (CMs) to damaged myocardium after myocardial infarction; however, finding a biocompatible construct with the chemical and mechanical properties capable of supporting CM function is challenging. Serum albumin hydrogels are novel autogenic scaffolds with elastic properties that can be tailored to mimic the stiffness of native adult myocardium. We assessed the hypothesis that culturing immature CMs on these serum albumin hydrogels would affect CM gene expression and calcium handling. Neonatal cardiomyocyte (NRVM) viability was maintained for at least 14 days on the hydrogels, with clear sarcomeric striations. Cardiac gene expression was quantified using RT-qPCR and demonstrated an up regulation in many genes of cells cultured on hydrogels compared to glass (e.g. relative expression (log 2-ΔΔCt) of ryanodine receptor 2: glass= -2.3±0.5, hydrogel= -0.3±0.1,p<0.01; connexin 43:glass= -1.7±0.5, hydrogel= 0.3±0.1,p<0.01,n=4-6). Compared to glass, NRVMs on hydrogels have an increased time to peak of the calcium transients measured using Fluo-4AM and field stimulated at 1 Hz (tp glass=38±3 ms, tp hydrogel= 54±2 ms, p<0.01,n=4-6). Compared to glass the hydrogels also have a reduced time 50% decay (t50 glass=108±13 ms, t50 hydrogel=78±6 ms, p<0.05,n=4-6) and 80% decay (t80 glass=217±19 ms, t80 hydrogel= 152±10 ms,p<0.05,n=4-6). Human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were cultured on the hydrogels for up to 28 days. Calcium handling was faster in the iPSC-CMs cultured on the hydrogels in comparison to glass with a reduced time to peak (tp glass=281±43 ms, tp hydrogel= 186±8 ms, p<0.05, n=4) and time to 50% decay (t50 glass=269±15 ms, t50 hydrogel=204±10 ms,p<0.01,n=4) and 90% decay (t90 glass=535±33 ms, t90 hydrogel=397±19 ms, p<0.01,n=4). The serum albumin hydrogels are compatible with NRVM and iPSC-CM culture for at least 28 days. We demonstrate that the serum albumin hydrogels have significant effects on CM calcium cycling and have the potential for use in myocardial repair. Further study is required to determine the mechanisms involved in calcium handling alterations and then assess this engineered patch in vivo for cardiac repair.

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