Toxicokinetics of the Flame Retardant Hexabromocyclododecane Alpha: Effect of Dose, Timing, Route, Repeated Exposure, and Metabolism

David Taylor Szabo; Janet J. Diliberto; Heldur Hakk; Janice K. Huwe; Linda S. Birnbaum

doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfr059

Toxicokinetics of the Flame Retardant Hexabromocyclododecane Alpha: Effect of Dose, Timing, Route, Repeated Exposure, and Metabolism

Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.1093/toxsci/kfr059 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 121 (2) ◽

pp. 234-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

David Taylor Szabo ◽

Janet J. Diliberto ◽

Heldur Hakk ◽

Janice K. Huwe ◽

Linda S. Birnbaum

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Repeated Exposure ◽

Alpha Effect

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Toxicokinetics of the Flame Retardant Hexabromocyclododecane Gamma: Effect of Dose, Timing, Route, Repeated Exposure, and Metabolism

Toxicological Sciences ◽

10.1093/toxsci/kfq183 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 282-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

David T. Szabo ◽

Janet J. Diliberto ◽

Heldur Hakk ◽

Janice K. Huwe ◽

Linda S. Birnbaum

Keyword(s):

Flame Retardant ◽

Repeated Exposure

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Alpha-Effect, Current and Kinetic Helicities for Magnetically Driven Turbulence, and Solar Dynamo

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100064885 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 387-388

Author(s):

Gaetano Belvedere ◽

V. V. Pipin ◽

G. Rüdiger

Keyword(s):

Southern Hemisphere ◽

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Convection Zone ◽

Solar Surface ◽

Momentum Transport ◽

Angular Momentum Transport ◽

Magnetic Buoyancy ◽

Alpha Effect ◽

Current Helicity

Extended AbstractRecent numerical simulations lead to the result that turbulence is much more magnetically driven than believed. In particular the role ofmagnetic buoyancyappears quite important for the generation ofα-effect and angular momentum transport (Brandenburg & Schmitt 1998). We present results obtained for a turbulence field driven by a (given) Lorentz force in a non-stratified but rotating convection zone. The main result confirms the numerical findings of Brandenburg & Schmitt that in the northern hemisphere theα-effect and the kinetic helicityℋkin= 〈u′ · rotu′〉 are positive (and negative in the northern hemisphere), this being just opposite to what occurs for the current helicityℋcurr= 〈j′ ·B′〉, which is negative in the northern hemisphere (and positive in the southern hemisphere). There has been an increasing number of papers presenting observations of current helicity at the solar surface, all showing that it isnegativein the northern hemisphere and positive in the southern hemisphere (see Rüdigeret al. 2000, also for a review).

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