scholarly journals Biologically Relevant Exposure Science for 21st Century Toxicity Testing

2009 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine A. Cohen Hubal
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Exposure Science ◽  
Biologically Relevant

scholarly journals Stem Cells for Next Level Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

Small ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 2006252
Author(s):  
Ellen Fritsche ◽  
Thomas Haarmann‐Stemmann ◽  
Julia Kapr ◽  
Saskia Galanjuk ◽  
Julia Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Toxicity Testing

US Vision for Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kavlock ◽  
Christopher P. Austin ◽  
Raymond R. Tice
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Toxicity Testing

scholarly journals Computational Exposure Science: An Emerging Discipline to Support 21st-Century Risk Assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Egeghy ◽  
Linda S. Sheldon ◽  
Kristin K. Isaacs ◽  
Halûk Özkaynak ◽  
Michael-Rock Goldsmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Exposure Science

scholarly journals Has Toxicity Testing Moved into the 21st Century? A Survey and Analysis of Perceptions in the Field of Toxicology

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
pp. 087024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Zaunbrecher ◽  
Elizabeth Beryt ◽  
Daniela Parodi ◽  
Donatello Telesca ◽  
Joseph Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Toxicity Testing

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: Implications for Human Health Risk Assessment

Risk Analysis ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Krewski ◽  
Melvin E. Andersen ◽  
Ellen Mantus ◽  
Lauren Zeise
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Human Health Risk Assessment

A Vision of Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim McKim ◽  
Alan Goldberg ◽  
Nicole Kleinstreuer ◽  
Francois Busquet ◽  
Melvin Andersen
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Toxicity Testing

scholarly journals Commentary on ‘‘Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A vision and a Strategy’’

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F Phalen
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
In Vitro Testing ◽  
Chemical Toxicity ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Human Monitoring ◽  
Animal Tests ◽  
In Silico Methods

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy (NRC, 2007) presents a bold plan for chemical toxicity testing that replaces whole-animal tests with cell-culture, genetic, other in-vitro techniques, computational methods, and human monitoring. Although the proposed vision is eloquently described, and recent advances in in-vitro and in-silico methods are impressive, it is difficult believe that replacing in-vitro testing is either practical or wise. It is not clear that the toxicity-related events that occur in whole animals can be adequately replicated using the proposed methods. Protecting public health is a serious endeavor that should not be limited by denying animal testing. Toxicologists and regulators are encouraged to read the report, carefully consider its implications, and share their thoughts. The vision is for too important to ignore.

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