scholarly journals Case study of inbreeding within Japanese Black cattle using resources of the American Wagyu Association, National Animal Germplasm Program, and a cooperator breeding program in Wyoming

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_S1) ◽  
pp. S170-S174
Author(s):  
Kathryn R Heffernan ◽  
R Mark Enns ◽  
Harvey D Blackburn ◽  
Scott E Speidel ◽  
Carrie S Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Program ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle

scholarly journals Forestry's Third Revolution: Integrating Biotechnology into Pinus taeda L. Breeding Programs

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire G. Williams ◽  
Thomas D. Byram
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Forest Biotechnology ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Aid Policy

Abstract The Third Revolution—the application of molecular biology to plant improvement—is providing biotechnology for Pinus taeda breeding programs in the southern United States. To harness commercial value, forest biotechnology must be integrated with pine breeding. Overlaying an agriculture biotechnology template on any aspect of forestry ignores key historical, economic and biological factors unique to pine breeding programs and even to biotechnology applications. Understanding differences between forestry and agriculture will aid policy decisions about the use of genetically enhanced pines and identify numerous leverage points for directing forest biotechnology research toward commercial advantage. Integrating biotechnology into a P. taeda breeding program is illustrated using a case study approach. A molecular marker system is proposed for improving the selection efficacy of a pine breeding program. South. J. Appl. For. 25(3):116–121.

scholarly journals Bacillary Hemoglobinuria in Japanese Black Cattle in Hiroshima, Japan: A Case Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori SHINOZUKA ◽  
Osamu YAMATO ◽  
Mohammad Alamgir HOSSAIN ◽  
Tsuneo HIGAKI ◽  
Ikuo ISHIKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Black Cattle

scholarly journals How to shorten a plant breeding program? A case study with ornamental peppers

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Alves Barroso ◽  
Mailson Monteiro do Rêgo ◽  
Joelson Germano Crispim ◽  
Maria do Perpétuo Socorro Damasceno Costa ◽  
Elizanilda Ramalho do Rêgo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Plant Breeding Program

143 JAPANESE BLACK (WAGYU) CATTLE MULTIPLE-OVULATION EMBRYO TRANSFER: FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE SOURCE IN A CASE STUDY IN SOUTH CHINA

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
F. Du ◽  
X. Ma ◽  
B. Xu ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
South China ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Japanese Black Cattle ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Fresh Embryos

The Japanese Black cattle (Wagyu) plays a significant part in the Japanese beef industry because it is numerically the largest breed group and comprises ~93% of the national purebred beef cow herd. Japanese Black cattle are genetically predisposed to intense marbling and to a high percentage of unsaturated fat resulting in a meat characterised by both high quality and price on the market. Like other breeds, genetic improvement and production traits in Wagyu can be fostered by the implementation of traditional reproductive strategies such as multiple-ovulation embryo transfer. A multiple-ovulation embryo transfer case study was performed in a leading production centre in Hainan island, South China. Donors (n = 40) were split into 2 groups receiving either a total dose of 400 mg of FSH Folltropin (FSH USA; Folltropin Bioniche Inc., USA; n = 24), or 10 mg of an FSH formulation produced from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (FSH CHN; n = 16). In both cases, dosages were equally distributed over a 4-day administration schedule. Both donors and recipients (198 heifers) were synchronized for fixed-time embryo transfer (ET) and AI, respectively, by adopting the Ovsynch protocol. Such protocol consists of GnRH administration at Day 0, followed by prostaglandin administration at Day 7 and a second administration of GnRH at Day 9. Artificial insemination was performed on donor animals at 12 and 24 h from the last GnRH administration, whereas for recipient synchronization receiving fresh embryos, the second GnRH administration was given at the time of second AI on donors, and ET was performed 7 days following the first AI. Final synchronization at the time of ET, judged by the ultrasonic presence of a functional corpus luteum, was 53% (105/198). The following parameters for FSH USA and FSH CHN were found to be not significantly different (Student's t; mean ± s.e.): i) ovulations (10.5 ± 1.2 v. 8.5 ± 1.2; P = 0.2); ii) embryos (6.3 ± 1.2 v. 5.1 ± 1.1; P = 0.5), and iii) embryos from ovulated donors (6.8 ± 1.3 v. 5.8 ± 1.1; P = 0.6). Recovered embryos from the 2 groups were also not different: i) degenerated embryos (1.0 ± 0.4 v. 0.8 ± 0.2; P = 0.6); ii) morula (4.0 ± 0.8 v. 2.6 ± 0.5; P = 0.1), and iii) early blastocysts (4.0 ± 1.2 v. 3.3 ± 0.5; P = 0.6). Blastocysts were recovered only from donors treated with FSH USA. Out of 233 recovered embryos, 34 were transferred as fresh and 71 as frozen/thawed. Pregnancy rate at 60 days following ET for fresh and frozen/thawed embryos was 47.1 and 35.2%, respectively (P = 0.2). Within frozen embryos, pregnancy rates derived from transferred morulas and blastocysts were 25 and 45.5% (P = 0.07). When considering the two sources of hormones, overall pregnancy rates were similar between the two groups (28/71, 39.4% v. 13/34, 38.2%; P = 0.9). Finally, pregnancy rates from the transfer of fresh embryos (9/21, 42.8% v. 7/13, 53.8%; P = 0.6) and frozen/thawed embryos (19/50, 38% v. 6/21, 23.8%; P = 0.6) were also not different. In conclusion, all parameters in this study did not differ between the 2 sources of FSH; however, a lower incidence of degenerated embryos and a higher pregnancy rate following transfer of frozen/thawed embryos occurred when FSH USA was used in donor animals.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

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