scholarly journals Genetic parameters and trends for growth traits in Blanco Orejinegro cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edison J Ramírez Toro ◽  
William O Burgos Paz ◽  
Mauricio A Elzo ◽  
Rodrigo A Martínez Sarmiento ◽  
Mario F Cerón-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Relationship Matrix ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Improvement Program

Abstract Since 1940, efforts have been made to preserve the Blanco Orejinegro (BON) cattle breed by maintaining gene banks. Nine years ago, a BON genetic improvement program was implemented to increase genetic gain based on control of productivity and the use of performance tests, polygenic and genomic evaluations, and selection indices. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and trends for growth traits by using polygenic (PM) and genomic–polygenic (GPM) models. Productive information from the years 1980 to 2019 was used. The following data were used: 7,304 birth weight (BW) records, 1,281 records of body weight adjusted to 120 days (W120), 4,791 records of weight adjusted to 240 days (W240), 3,339 records of weight adjusted to 480 days (W480), and 1,364 records of weight adjusted to 720 days (W720). The relationship matrix included 13,612 pure animals belonging to the Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research - AGROSAVIA and the Producer Network program. A total of 1,224 individuals were genotyped with chips of different densities and all were imputed up to 50,932 SNPs. Polygenic and genomic-polygenic models were used to estimate genetic parameters and correlations between the genetic values estimated by each model. A generalized additive model with smoothing was used to estimate trends of genetic values from 1980 to 2019. Heritabilities between 0.29 and 0.40, genetic correlations between 0.13 and 0.94, and phenotypic correlations between 0.23 and 0.72 were observed. Close-to-zero genetic growth was observed for BW and W120. Genetic trends for the other traits were positive, with higher growth in the last 7 years. The heritabilities observed in this population indicate that the traits measured would respond to selection. Greater genetic progress can be achieved in W240, W480, and W720 by continuing with genetic evaluations and developing performance tests and strategies to make genetic material readily available to producers.

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Pork Quality, Novel Carcass, Primal-Cut and Growth Traits in Duroc Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah E. Willson ◽  
Hinayah Rojas de Oliveira ◽  
Allan P. Schinckel ◽  
Daniela Grossi ◽  
Luiz F. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Selection Indexes

More recently, swine breeding programs have aimed to include pork quality and novel carcass (e.g., specific primal cuts such as the Boston butt or belly that are not commonly used in selection indexes) and belly traits together with growth, feed efficiency and carcass leanness in the selection indexes of terminal-sire lines, in order to efficiently produce pork with improved quality at a low cost to consumers. In this context, the success of genetic selection for such traits relies on accurate estimates of heritabilities and genetic correlations between traits. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for 39 traits in Duroc pigs (three growth, eight conventional carcass (commonly measured production traits; e.g., backfat depth), 10 pork quality and 18 novel carcass traits). Phenotypic measurements were collected on 2583 purebred Duroc gilts, and the variance components were estimated using both univariate and bivariate models and REML procedures. Moderate to high heritability estimates were found for most traits, while genetic correlations tended to be low to moderate overall. Moderate to high genetic correlations were found between growth, primal-cuts and novel carcass traits, while low to moderate correlations were found between pork quality and growth and carcass traits. Some genetic antagonisms were observed, but they are of low to moderate magnitude. This indicates that genetic progress can be achieved for all traits when using an adequate selection index.

scholarly journals Genetic and non-genetic parameters for growth traits and Kleiber ratios in Dorper x indigenous sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeleke Tesema ◽  
Belay Deribe ◽  
Mesin Lakew ◽  
Tesfaye Getachew ◽  
Mekonnen Tilahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Kleiber Ratio

Abstract Genetic improvement program will only be successful when accompanied by a good understanding of the influence of environmental factors, knowledge of the genetic parameters, and the genetic relationships between the traits of interest. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of non-genetic factors on growth traits and Kleiber ratios and to estimate genetic parameters for early growth traits in Dorper x indigenous sheep. The effects of fixed factors were analyzed by the general linear model procedure of SAS and the genetic parameters were estimated by AI-REML algorithm using a WOMBAT computer program fitted animal model. The log-likelihood ratio test was used for selecting the best-fitted model from four models. The overall least-squares means for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (3MW), six-months (6MW), nine-month (9MW), and yearling (12WT) were 3.03 ± 0.02, 14.5 ± 0.18, 20.4 ± 0.26, 24.8 ± 0.31, and 28.3 ± 0.40 kg, respectively. The overall least-square means for Kleiber ratio from birth to weaning (KR1), weaning to six-month (KR2), six to nine-month (KR3) and nine-month to yearling age (KR4) were 16.8 ± 0.10, 6.41 ± 0.17, 4.55 ± 0.21 and 3.38 ± 0.20 g/kg of metabolic weight, respectively. The inclusion of maternal genetic effect exerted a significant influence on BW and it explains 20% of the phenotypic variation. The total heritability (h2t) estimates for BW, 3MW, ADG1 and KR1 were 0.10, 0.14, 0.16 and 0.12, respectively. The phenotypic correlation varied from − 0.11 to 0.98 whereas the direct genetic correlation ranged from − 0.32 to 0.98. The mean inbreeding coefficient was 0.105% with annual rate of 0.02%. The heritability estimates for growth traits and Kleiber ratio suggests that slow genetic progress would be expected from the selection. However it is, integration of selection with crossbreeding program with this level of variation would enhance the genetic gain. Therefore, selection should be conducted based on breeding values estimated from multiple information sources to increases the selection response.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters and Inbreeding Effect of Morphological Traits in Sardinian Anglo Arab Horse

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Andrea Giontella ◽  
Francesca Maria Sarti ◽  
Giovanni Paolo Biggio ◽  
Samira Giovannini ◽  
Raffaele Cherchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Inbreeding Rate ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this study was to estimate the heritability and genetic correlations of four biometric measurements and an overall score (OS) in the Sardinian Anglo-Arab horse (SAA); moreover, the effect of inbreeding on these traits was investigated. A dataset with 43,624 horses (27,052 females and 16,572 males) was provided by the Agricultural Research Agency of Sardinia (AGRIS). Cannon bone circumference (BC), chest girth (CG), shoulder length (SL), and withers height (WH) were measured on 6033 SAA horses born in Sardinia between 1967 and 2005; beside the measurements, an overall score (OS) was taken comparing the morphology of each horse to an “ideal type” that is scored out of 100. The mean value is 20.5 cm for BC, 185.9 cm for CG, 67.6 cm for SL, 160.8 cm for WH, and 73.2 for the OS. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.78 to 0.23. The results allow to foresee high genetic progress through the breeding programs. The most affected trait by the inbreeding rate seems to only be the withers height.

scholarly journals Genetic-Quantitative Uni- and Bi-Trait Analysis for Growth Traits in the Colombian Creole Breed Blanco Orejinegro (BON)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Londoño-Gil ◽  
Juan Carlos Rincón Flórez ◽  
Albeiro López-Herrera ◽  
Luis Gabriel Gonzalez-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Maternal Heritability

Abstract The Blanco Orejinegro (BON) is a Colombian creole cattle breed that is not genetically well characterized for growth traits. The aim of this work was to estimate genetic parameters for birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW), daily weight gain between birth and weaning (DWG), time to reach 120 kg of live weight (T120), and time to reach 60% of adult weight (T60%), and establish the selection criteria for growth traits in the BON population of Colombia. Genealogical and phenotypic information for BW, WW, YW, DWG, T120, and T60% traits of BON animals from 14 Colombian herds were used. These traits were analyzed with the AIREML method in a uni- and bi-trait animal model including the maternal effect for BW, WW, DWG, and T120. The direct heritability estimates values were 0.22 ± 0.059 (BW), 0.20 ± 0.057 (WW), 0.20 ± 0.153 (YW), 0.17 ± 0.07 (DWG), 0.26 (T120), and 0.44 ± 0.03 (T60%). The maternal heritability estimates values were 0.14 ± 0.040 (BW), 0.15 ± 0.039 (WW), 0.25 ± 0.06 (DWG), and 0.16 (T120). The direct genetic correlations were high (>|0.60|) among all the traits, except between T60% with BW, WW, YW, and DWG (ranged from -0.02 to -0.51), all in a favorable direction. The results showed that there is genetic variation in the growth traits associated with the additive genetic effect and they might respond to selection processes. Furthermore, genetic gains would improve through selection, especially for YW and T60% when WW is used as criterion.

scholarly journals (Co)variance components and genetic parameters for growth rate and Kleiber ratio in fat-tailed Mehraban sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 564-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ghafouri-Kesbi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Kleiber Ratio ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Maternal Heritability

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to estimate (co)variance components and genetic parameters for average daily gain from birth to weaning (ADGa), weaning to 6 months (ADGb), weaning to 9 months (ADGc), 6 months to 9 months (ADGd) and corresponding Kleiber ratios (KRa, KRb, KRc and KRd) in Mehraban sheep. A derivative-free algorithm combined with a series of six univariate linear animal models was used to estimate phenotypic variance and its direct, maternal and residual components. In addition, bivariate analyses were done to estimate (co)variance components between traits. Estimates of direct heritability (h2) were 0.10, 0.11, 0.16, 0.09, 0.13, 0.13, 0.15 and 0.08 for ADGa, ADGb, ADGc, ADGd, KRa, KRb, KRc and KRd, respectively and indicate that in Mehraban sheep genes contribute very little to the variance of the growth rate and Kleiber ratio. Estimates of maternal heritability (m2) were 0.10, 0.08 and 0.05 for ADGa, KRa and KRb, respectively. Direct additive genetic correlations ranged from −0.32 (KRa-KRd) to 0.99 (ADGb-KRb) and phenotypic correlations ranged from −0.53 (ADGa- ADGd) to 0.99 (ADGa-KRa). Estimates of direct heritability and genetic correlations show that genetic improvement in efficiency of feed utilization through selection programmes is possible, though it would generate a relatively slow genetic progress.

Estimates of (co)variances due to direct and maternal effects for body weights in Timahdite sheep

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Boujenane ◽  
J. Kansari
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Cross Correlations ◽  
Maternal Heritability

AbstractGenetic parameters for body weights in Timahdite sheep were estimated using records of 10370 lambs from the ‘Société Nationale de Développement de l’Elevage’ born in 1988-89 to 1998-99. An animal model with derivativefree restricted maximum likelihood procedures was used. Random effects were direct and maternal additive genetic, maternal permanent environmental, and error. Direct and maternal heritability estimates were 0·05 and 0·05 for birth weight, 0·02 and 0·07 for weight at 30 days, 0·07 and 0·08 for weight at 70 days, 0·06 and 0·01 for weight at 90 days. Estimates of fraction of variance due to maternal permanent environmental effects were close to zero, except for weight at 90 days. Genetic correlations between direct and maternal genetic effects were –0·55, –0·51, –0·50 and –0·17 for body weights at birth, 30, 70 and 90 days, respectively. Estimates of direct genetic correlations among body weights were positive and high, ranging from 0·69 to unity. Phenotypic correlations were positive and moderate to high, being lower than their corresponding direct genetic correlations. Estimates of correlations between maternal genetic effects among weights were positive and high, varying from 0·79 to unity. Cross-correlations between direct genetic effects for one weight and maternal genetic effects for another weight were consistently negative, ranging from –0·05 to –0·63. These results indicate that selecting for improved maternal and/or direct effects in Timahdite sheep is expected to generate only slow genetic progress in terms of early growth.

Genetic parameters for daily live-weight gain, live fleshiness and bone thinness in station-tested Piemontese young bulls

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Albera ◽  
R. Mantovani ◽  
G. Bittante ◽  
A. F. Groen ◽  
P. Carnier
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Multiple Trait ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Total Gain

AbstractEstimates of genetic parameters for beef production traits were obtained for Piemontese cattle. Data were from 988 young bulls station-tested from 1989 till 1998. Bulls entered the station at 6 to 8 weeks of age and, after an adaptation period of 3 months, were tested for growth, live fleshiness and bone thinness. Length of test was 196 days. Growth traits considered were gain at farm, gain during the adaptation period, gain on test and total gain at the station. Six different fleshiness traits and bone thinness were scored on live animals at the end of the test using a linear system. Live evaluations of fleshiness were adjusted for the weight at scoring in order to provide an assessment of conformation independent of body size. Genetic parameters were estimated using animal models. Heritability of live-weight gain ranged from 0·20 in the adaptation period to 0·60 for total gain at the station. Genetic correlations between gains at station in different periods were high (from 0·63 to 0·97). Residual correlation between gain during the adaptation period and gain during test was negative, probably due to the occurrence of compensatory growth of the animals.Live fleshiness traits and bone thinness were of moderate to high heritability (from 0·34 to 0·55) and highly correlated indicating that heavy muscled bulls also have thin bones. Accuracy of breeding values and therefore response to selection were improved by multiple trait analysis of the live fleshiness traits and bone thinness. Overall weight gain at the station had a moderate negative genetic correlation with all live fleshiness traits and bone thinness (from –0·11 to –0·39).

scholarly journals Genetics and expected selection gain for growth traits in Eugenia dysenterica DC. populations

Bragantia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Virginia de Aguiar ◽  
Roland Vencovsky ◽  
Lázaro José Chaves ◽  
Mara Fernandes Moura ◽  
Lizz Kezzy de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Seedling Seed Orchard ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Eugenia Dysenterica

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of quantitative traits in a living germplasm collection of Eugenia dysenterica. The genetic material consisted of 110 progenies derived from 10 natural Eugenia dysenterica subpopulations sampled in the southeastern region of the state of Goiás. The experiment was established in a complete randomized block design, with 110 treatments, four replications and one tree per plot. The study variables were total height, stem diameter and respective growth rates. After the analysis of variance some genetic parameters were estimated. The levels of genetic variation in the collection were high and the highest proportion was found within subpopulations. Highest coefficients of heritability and genetic variation were observed in subpopulations from the counties Catalão, Três Ranchos, Cristalina and Senador Canedo. Considering the promising expected progress for growth traits, this collection can be converted into an unrogued seedling seed orchard, aiming the production of improved seed.

Estimates of genetic parameters for pre-weaning and post-weaning growth traits of Chios lambs

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Mavrogenis ◽  
A. Louca ◽  
O. W. Robison
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACTData on 792 Chios lambs born during the 1972/73 and 1973/74 lambing seasons were used to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for birth weight, weaning weight, age at weaning, pre-weaning daily gain, body weight at 5, 10, 15 and 20 weeks of age, and postweaning daily gain. Body weight at 15 weeks of age had the highest heritability estimate (0·73 ± 0·17) and that of post-weaning daily gain was also high (0·56 ± 0·15). Selection for either weight at 15 weeks or post-weaning daily gain would be expected to yield a greater response than selection for pre-weaning daily gain or weaning weight. Genetic correlations among weights and/or gains were positive (approximately 0·20). Phenotypic correlations among weights and gains were generally higher than genetic correlations. However, the correlation between pre— and post-weaning daily gain was small (0·08). Likewise, post-weaning daily gain had low correlations with all weights before 10 weeks. Age at weaning had moderate negative associations with all weights but a very low positive correlation with post-weaning daily gain.

Genetic parameters for growth rate and Kleiber ratios of Nellore sheep

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Satish Kumar ◽  
G. Gangaraju ◽  
C. Vijaya Kumar ◽  
Sapna Nath
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Kleiber Ratio ◽  
Nellore Sheep ◽  
Daily Gain

Data on growth traits of Nellore sheep were extracted from the records maintained at Livestock Research Station, Palamaner, Andhra Pradesh, India for a period of five years. The genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated for growth traits i.e., average daily gain (ADG) from birth to 3 months (ADGa), 3 months to 6 months (ADGb), 6 to 12 months (ADGc) and the corresponding Kleiber ratio (KR) at respective stages of growth. The non genetic factors included in the model were having significance on most of the traits studied. The heritability estimates for ADG and corresponding KR ranged from 0.17 to 0.25. The estimates of genetic correlations among the traits ranged between -0.28 (Ka-Kb) and 0.99 (ADGb-Kb). The moderate estimates of heritability, high and positive genetic correlations among the traits in the study were suggestive of moderate genetic progress in the Nellore breed of sheep through selection.

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