scholarly journals Impact of cow milk production on cow–calf performance in the Nebraska Sandhills

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S145-S148
Author(s):  
Tasha M King ◽  
Jacki A Musgrave ◽  
Richard N Funston ◽  
J Travis Mulliniks
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Nebraska Sandhills ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf

scholarly journals 263 Impact of cow milk production on cow-calf performance in the Nebraska Sandhills

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 191-192
Author(s):  
Travis Mulliniks ◽  
Tasha King ◽  
Jacki Musgrave ◽  
Rick N Funston
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Nebraska Sandhills ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As cow-calf producers focus on greater weaning weights, selection for increased production parameters including milk production and weaning weight have become prevalent. However, increased cow-calf production may not be captured due to environmental conditions and resource availability. A retrospective analysis was conducted to model the impact of milk production on utilizing data collected from a March calving herd (n = 348) from 2000 to 2018 in the Nebraska Sandhills. The objective of this study was to determine the impact milk production has on subsequent cow reproductive performance and calf performance throughout the pre- and post-weaning phases. Cow body weight (BW) and cow age increased (P < 0.01) average milk production throughout the lactation period with body condition score (BCS) decreasing (P < 0.01) as milk production increased. Pregnancy rate and subsequent calf birth date were not influenced (P ≥ 0.80) by level of milk production. Increasing dam milk production resulted in increased (P < 0.05) calf pre-weaning ADG and adjusted 205-d calf weaning BW. In addition, dam milk production positively influenced (P > 0.05) steer progeny final live calf BW and hot carcass weight (HCW). All other post-weaning performance and carcass characteristics were not influenced (P > 0.05) by dam milk production. This study indicates for each additional kg of milk production calf weaning BW increased 6.6 kg. The greater adjusted 205-d calf weaning BW was maintained through the feeding period resulting in greater final live BW and HCW.

scholarly journals High milk production decreases cow-calf productivity within a highly available feed resource environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Edwards ◽  
J. D. Hobbs ◽  
J. T. Mulliniks
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf

Abstract The beef cattle industry tends to focus on selecting production traits with the purpose of maximizing cow-calf performance. One such trait is milking ability, which is considered the primary influence on weaning weight of the calf. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of actual milk yield on reproductive performance, circulating blood metabolites, and calf performance in beef cows in the Southeastern US. Over a 2 yr period, data were collected from 237, 3- to 9-yr-old Angus-sired beef cows on 3 research stations in Tennessee. On approximately d 58 and 129 postpartum, 24-hr milk production was measured with a modified weigh-suckle-weigh technique using a milking machine. Subsamples of milk were collected for analysis of milk components. Milk yield data were used to retrospectively classify cows on actual milk yield as High ( ≥ 10 kg/d), Mod (8 to 9 kg/d), or Low ( < 8 kg/d). Cow body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) were collected weekly at each location through breeding. Calf BW was recorded at birth, mid-weight at d 58, and weaning. At d 58 and 129 of postpartum, milk yields were different (P < 0.001) among the treatment groups. Cow BW during the entire study were not different (P ≥ 0.22) with increasing milk yield. Timed-AI pregnancy rate were the lowest (P = 0.02) in the High milk producing cows with no difference (P > 0.05) between Low and Mod milk cows. In addition, overall pregnancy rate continued to be the lowest (P = 0.04) in High milk producing cows with the greatest pregnancy rate in Mod milk cows. Calf mid-weight at ∼d 58 was increased (P < 0.001) in calves from Mod and High milking cows. However, calf BW at weaning was not different (P = 0.22) among calves from different milk treatment groups. Results from this study suggest that even in management systems that modify the grazing environments with harvested feedstuffs, high milk production decreases reproductive efficiency. In addition, increasing milk production up to d 129 postpartum did not result in increased calf BW at weaning, indicating that the genetic potential for calf BW at weaning could not be improved with increased genetic potential for milk production.

scholarly journals Influence of repeated trace mineral injections during gestation on beef heifer and subsequent calf performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S Stokes ◽  
Frank A Ireland ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Trace Mineral ◽  
Mineral Status ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
N 93

Abstract Commercial Angus heifers (n = 190; body weight (BW) = 315 ± 49.3 kg) were used to determine the effects of trace mineral injections during gestation on heifer and subsequent calf performance. Heifers received three previous subcutaneous trace mineral (Multimin 90 [MM]; n = 93) or sterilized physiological saline (CON; n = 97) injections approximately 90 d apart. These treatments were maintained and subsequent injections were given 205, 114, and 44 ± 26 d prepartum. Heifers were provided free-choice inorganic minerals. Heifer BW and body condition scores (BCS) were collected at trial initiation (296 ± 26 d prepartum) and 5- to 10-week intervals thereafter. Liver samples were collected at trial initiation, 5 and 176 ± 3 d postpartum from a subset of cows to determine trace mineral status. Milk production was assessed on 80 cow–calf pairs (40/treatment) at 71 ± 15 d postpartum. Cows were artificially inseminated (AI) 82 d postpartum and then exposed to bulls for 38 d. Data were reported from 174 calves (n = 87 calves/treatment). Calf liver samples were collected 5 and 147 ± 3 d postpartum to determine trace mineral status. Calf weaning BW was collected at 159 ± 26 d postpartum. Calf performance including calving date, birth BW, weaning BW, average daily gain (ADG), and health data were collected. Heifer BW and BCS did not differ (P ≥ 0.72) throughout the experiment. Multimin heifers tended (P = 0.08) to have greater initial liver Se and tended to have decreased (P = 0.08) initial liver Zn compared with CON. At calving, MM cows had increased (P ≤ 0.01) liver Cu and Se. There was no difference (P ≥ 0.47) in Julian calving date, calving percent, or unassisted births. Calf birth BW was lesser (P = 0.02) for MM than CON calves, and MM calves had greater (P = 0.03) liver Cu concentrations at birth than CON calves. Despite MM cows having increased (P < 0.01) milk production, calf weaning BW and ADG were not different (P ≥ 0.87). In addition, calf morbidity and mortality were not different (P ≥ 0.43) between treatments. Calf mineral status was not different (P ≥ 0.57) at the time of weaning regardless of treatment; however, MM cows had decreased (P = 0.03) liver Zn. Multimin cows had decreased (P = 0.05) AI pregnancy rates, yet there was no difference (P = 0.34) in overall pregnancy rate. Supplementing an injectable trace mineral during heifer development and gestation increased cow milk production and resulted in decreased AI pregnancy rates; however, there was no effect on overall pregnancy rates or preweaning calf health or performance.

scholarly journals Cow–calf performance, forage utilization, and economics of warm-season annual baleage in beef cattle winter feeding systems1

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 376-384
Author(s):  
Mekenzie H Panhans ◽  
Katie M Mason ◽  
Mary K Mullenix ◽  
Chris G Prevatt ◽  
Sonia J Moisá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Forage Type ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Winter Feeding

Abstract A 52-d winter feeding trial was conducted to determine animal performance, utilization, and economics of pearl millet (PM) baleage, sorghum × sudangrass (SS) baleage, and “Tifton 85” bermudagrass (B) hay for lactating beef cow–calf pairs. Cone (C) and open-shaped (O) rings were evaluated for potential to minimize forage wastage. The experiment was a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments for each forage type × hay ring (3 cow–calf pairs per treatment; 2 replications per treatment). Animal response measures included cow body weight (BW) change and body condition score (BCS) over the 52-d trial, initial and final calf BW, and cow milk production at the midpoint and end of the study. Forage nutritive value parameters evaluated for each forage type included ash, crude protein (CP), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, and acid detergent lignin (ADL). Forage wastage was estimated for each forage × ring treatment as the percentage of the bale weight remaining in feeding rings at the time of bale replacement. An economic evaluation of the relative costs associated with production and utilization of each forage type was calculated. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.10) in cow BW change or BCS change among forage types, between ring shapes, or an interaction observed for these response variables. Proportion of waste from PM and SS baleage was greater (P < 0.10) than for B hay, although there was no forage type × hay ring interaction or differences between O and C hay ring treatments for forage waste (P ≥ 0.10, respectively). Cow milk production and calf BW gain did not differ among forage type (P ≥ 0.10, respectively); however, beef calves in pens containing the O ring feeder weighed 6 kg more (P ≤ 0.05) than calves whose dams were fed using C rings. The economic analysis implies that it is more costly to feed warm-season annual forage baleage to cow–calf pairs than dry hay, largely due to greater costs of production, lack of difference in animal performance responses, and less utilization of baleage compared with feeding bermudagrass hay in this trial.

scholarly journals Effects of Tall Fescue Endophyte Type and Dopamine Receptor D2 Genotype on Cow-Calf Performance during Late Gestation and Early Lactation

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Wilbanks ◽  
Susan Maggie Justice ◽  
Thomas West ◽  
James L. Klotz ◽  
John G. Andrae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Cow Calf

Grazing endophyte-infected, toxic tall fescue reduces cow/calf production; therefore, this study examines alternate strategies such as use of novel endophyte fescue varieties during late gestation and early lactation or genetic selection of resistant cows. Pregnant cows (n = 75) were randomly assigned to fescue endophyte type: 1) endophyte-infected ergot alkaloid producing tall fescue (E+) or 2) novel endophyte-infected, non-toxic tall fescue (NOV) within maternal (A|A, n = 38 and G|G, n = 37) DRD2 genotype to examine changes in cow/calf performance and milk production during late gestation and early lactation. Grazing E+ fescue pastures during late gestation reduced cow body weight gain but did not alter calf birth weight compared to NOV. Milk production and calf ADG during the first 30 day of lactation were lower for E+ than NOV. The calving rate was reduced, but not calving interval for E+ cows. The adjusted 205-day weight of calves was lower in those grazing E+ with their dams compared to NOV. There were no interactions between DRD2 genotype and fescue endophyte type indicating that genotype was not associated with response to E+ fescue in this study. Overall, grazing NOV tall fescue pastures rather than E+ during critical stages of production improved cow gain during late gestation, calving rate, early milk production and calf growth.

22 Effects of Housing Cow-calf Pairs on Drylots vs Pasture on Calf Performance and Behavior Through Weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Megan Myerscough ◽  
Wes Chapple ◽  
William T Meteer ◽  
Daniel W Shike
Keyword(s):  
Corn Silage ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Calf Performance ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fence Line

Abstract The objectives were to analyze the effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots or pasture on calf performance and behavior through weaning. Simmental × Angus (2 yr; 108/yr; 81 ± 15.3 d postpartum) spring-calving cows were stratified by age, BW, BCS, and calf sex and allotted to six groups/yr. Groups were randomly allotted to 1 of 2 treatments: drylot (DL) or pasture (PAST). Calves in the drylot had ad libitum access to a diet consisting of corn silage, dried distillers grain, corn stalks, dry rolled corn, and soybean hulls. Calves on PAST received creep feed three weeks prior to weaning. Calf BW was measured on d 0, 55, and 110. Calves were fence-line weaned on d 110. Behavior was observed for two days after weaning. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Drylot calves had greater (P < 0.01) BW at d 55 and 110. There was treatment by time interactions (P < 0.01) for lying and eating on d 111. More PAST calves were lying at h 2 and 3 and eating at h 11 and 12. More DL calves were lying at h 9, 10, 11, and 12. More DL calves were eating at h 2 and tended to at h 3. There was also a treatment by time interaction (P < 0.01) for vocalizations on d 111. More PAST calves vocalized at h 1, however, DL calves vocalized more at h 4 and tended to at h 5. There was treatment by time interactions (P < 0.01) for eating and walking on d 112. More DL calves were eating at h 2, 3, 4, 7, and 9. More PAST calves were walking at h 1 and 2. There was also a treatment by time interaction (P < 0.01) for vocalizations on d 112. More PAST calves vocalized at h 1 and 10. In conclusion, housing cow-calf pairs in drylots improved preweaning performance and altered postweaning behavior.

scholarly journals Change in the stability of goat milk and cow milk due to pH and heat

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 02046
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Fan ◽  
Ming Cheng ◽  
Xiaoning Zhang ◽  
Cunfang Wang ◽  
Hua Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Type B ◽  
Fresh Milk ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This paper aimed to evaluate the changes in the thermal stability of goat milk, cow milk and homogenized milk under different pH conditions. The results showed that goat milk was of type B milk, and the thermal stability were positively correlated with the pH value. But cow milk was of type A milk, the most stable pH of fresh milk was 6.9, while it was 6.7 for homogenized cow milk. Compared with cow milk, the acidification of goat milk was stronger due to heat. Therefore, in the process of milk production, the germicidal heating conditions of two different milk sources should be determined according to their thermal stability.

scholarly journals Effect of fenbendazole on cow-calf performance and fecal egg counts

1985 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Gerry L. Kuhl ◽  
R. Ridley ◽  
E. Francis ◽  
L. Riat
Keyword(s):  
Calf Performance ◽  
Cow Calf

Effects of housing beef cow-calf pairs on drylot or pasture in the Midwest on production parameters and calf behavior through feedlot receiving

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E Myerscough ◽  
Lucas T Neira ◽  
Keifer H Sexton ◽  
Lucas S Hofer ◽  
Keela M Trennepohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract The objectives were to analyze the effects of housing cow-calf pairs in drylots (DL) or pasture (PAST) on cow performance and reproduction as well as calf performance and behavior through feedlot receiving. Simmental × Angus (2 yr; 108/yr; 81 ± 15.3 d postpartum) spring-calving cows were stratified by age, body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and calf sex and allotted to 6 groups/yr. Groups were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: DL or PAST. Cows in DL were limit-fed at maintenance and calves had ad libitum access to the cow diet in an adjacent pen. Pairs on PAST were rotationally grazed and calves received creep ad libitum three weeks prior to weaning. On d 110 calves were fence-line weaned and behavior was observed on d 111 and 112. On d 116 calves were transported 272 kilometers to a feedlot for a 42-d receiving period. Behavior was evaluated again on d 117 and 118. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS except reproductive data which was analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure. Cows on DL had greater (P ≤ 0.01) BW and BCS at weaning. There were no differences (P ≥ 0.42) detected in reproductive data. Cows on DL had greater (P = 0.02) milk production. Calves on DL had greater BW (P ≤ 0.01) on d 55 and at weaning and greater preweaning average daily gain (ADG). There were treatment × time effects (P = 0.01) for lying and eating on d 111 and 112. More DL calves were eating in the morning and lying in the evening. More (P < 0.01) PAST calves were walking on d 111. Pasture calves vocalized more (P ≤ 0.01) on d 112. On d 117, more (P ≤ 0.05) pasture calves were lying and eating, and DL vocalized more. On d 118, treatment × time and treatment effects were detected (P ≤ 0.02) for lying and walking. More PAST calves were lying and more DL calves were walking. Drylot calves had greater (P ≤ 0.02) BW at the beginning and end of the receiving phase. Pasture calves had greater (P < 0.01) ADG and tended (P = 0.10) to have greater gain efficiency during feedlot receiving phase. In conclusion, housing cow-calf pairs in drylots improved BW, BCS, and milk production of cows but did not affect reproductive performance. Drylot calves had increased BW and ADG during the preweaning phase. Calf behavior at weaning and receiving was influenced by preweaning housing. Pasture calves had improved receiving phase ADG and feed efficiency but were still lighter than drylot calves after 42 d receiving phase.

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