scholarly journals Progression of Influenza Viral Infection Through the Murine Respiratory Tract: The Protective Role of Sleep Deprivation

SLEEP ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn B. Renegar ◽  
Dennis Crouse ◽  
Rachael A. Floyd ◽  
James Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Influenza Viral Infection

scholarly journals Role of IgA versus IgG in the Control of Influenza Viral Infection in the Murine Respiratory Tract

2004 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 1978-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn B. Renegar ◽  
Parker A. Small ◽  
Lou G. Boykins ◽  
Peter F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Influenza Viral Infection

Role of Memory T Cells in Influenza Viral Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Rabih Halwani ◽  
Mehrnoosh Doroudchi ◽  
Mohamed El-Far ◽  
Andre Tanel ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Memory T Cells ◽  
Influenza Viral Infection

Protective Role of Natural Killer Cells in Tumor Growth and Viral Infection in Mice

Pathobiology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Sonoko Habu ◽  
Kazuo Shimanura ◽  
Ken-ichi Akamatsu ◽  
Ko Okumura ◽  
Norikazu Tamaoki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Killer Cells

scholarly journals A Contemporary View of Natriuretic Peptides in the SARS-CoV-2 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Speranza Rubattu ◽  
Giovanna Gallo ◽  
Massimo Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Prognostic Implications

The heart releases natriuretic peptides (NPs) which represent an important hormonal axis with cardiorenal protective effects. In view of their properties, NPs have pathophysiologic, diagnostic and prognostic implications in several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Severe pulmonary inflammation, as induced by the SARS-COV2, may increase pulmonary pressure with potential influence on NPs release, whereby normal cardiovascular integrity becomes impaired. Moreover, pre-existing CVDs are strong negative prognostic factors since they exacerbate the effects of the viral infection and lead to worse outcomes. In this context, it may be expected that NPs exert a key protective role toward the virus infection whereas an impairment of NPs release contributes to the virus deleterious effects. In this review article we explore the potential involvement of NPs in the COVID-19 disease. To this aim, we will first focus on the interactions between NPs and the Ang II/ATIR arm of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) as well as with the protective ACE2/Ang (1-7) arm of the RAAS. Subsequently, we will review evidence that strongly supports the role of increased NT-proBNP level as a marker of cardiac damage and of worse prognosis in the COVID-19 affected patients. Finally, we will discuss the potential therapeutic benefits of these protective hormones toward the viral infection through their endothelial protective function, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects. In conclusion, the potential implications of NPs in the SARS-CoV-2 infection, as discussed in our article, represent an important issue that deserves to be fully investigated.

Protective role of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract in terms of local immunity

1926 ◽  
Vol 22 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 750
Author(s):  
O. Vasil'yeva
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Prof. IP Voloshin (West. Rhinolaryngo-otiatry. 1925, No. 1), taking into account the well-known works of Bezredk on local immunity, finds that the protective role of the nasal mucosa and upper respiratory tract is reduced to the development of natural local immunity of these organs than the general immunity of the whole organism is acquired from all microorganisms inhabiting the mucous membrane of these pathways.

The adenovirus E1B 19-kilodalton protein stimulates gene expression by increasing DNA levels

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 5412-5423 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Herrmann ◽  
M B Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Adenovirus E1b

In transient expression assays, the adenovirus E1B 19-kilodalton (19K) tumor antigen increases expression from viral promoters and the promoter for the cellular 70-kilodalton heat shock protein (hsp70). To study the mechanism of this effect, we constructed HeLa cell lines that contain stably integrated copies of the 19K gene. Compared with a 19K- control cell line, 19K+ cells produced a significantly higher level of expression from every promoter introduced into the cells by transfection. The 19K protein also increased expression of an RNA polymerase III-transcribed gene but did not affect the level of expression of the endogenous hsp70 gene. The rate of transcription from transfected promoters, as measured by a nuclear run-on assay, was higher in the 19K+ cells than in the 19K- control cells. Furthermore, the level of plasmid DNA remained higher in the 19K+ cell line, suggesting that the 19K protein stabilizes transfected plasmid DNA. The elevated DNA levels seemed to account in full for the increased transcription. The role of the 19K protein in increasing gene expression during viral infection was found to be due to a replication-dependent increase in viral DNA levels. Thus, the 19K protein activates transcription indirectly by producing a higher level of viral or plasmid DNA. The DNA stabilization function of the 19K protein is probably related to the protective role of the 19K protein during viral infection and represents the first example of a viral oncogene product that modulates gene expression by regulating viral and plasmid DNA levels.

Protective Role of Natural Killer Cells in Tumor Growth and Viral Infection in Mice

2015 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Sonoko Habu ◽  
Kazuo Shimanura ◽  
Ken-ichi Akamatsu ◽  
Ko Okumura ◽  
Norikazu Tamaoki
Keyword(s):  
Natural Killer Cells ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Killer Cells

Stress-induced modulation of NK activity during influenza viral infection: role of glucocorticoids and opioids

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond J. Tseng ◽  
David A. Padgett ◽  
Firdaus S. Dhabhar ◽  
Harald Engler ◽  
John F. Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infection ◽  
Nk Activity ◽  
Influenza Viral Infection

scholarly journals The adenovirus E1B 19-kilodalton protein stimulates gene expression by increasing DNA levels.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 5412-5423 ◽  
Author(s):  
C H Herrmann ◽  
M B Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Plasmid Dna ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Adenovirus E1b

In transient expression assays, the adenovirus E1B 19-kilodalton (19K) tumor antigen increases expression from viral promoters and the promoter for the cellular 70-kilodalton heat shock protein (hsp70). To study the mechanism of this effect, we constructed HeLa cell lines that contain stably integrated copies of the 19K gene. Compared with a 19K- control cell line, 19K+ cells produced a significantly higher level of expression from every promoter introduced into the cells by transfection. The 19K protein also increased expression of an RNA polymerase III-transcribed gene but did not affect the level of expression of the endogenous hsp70 gene. The rate of transcription from transfected promoters, as measured by a nuclear run-on assay, was higher in the 19K+ cells than in the 19K- control cells. Furthermore, the level of plasmid DNA remained higher in the 19K+ cell line, suggesting that the 19K protein stabilizes transfected plasmid DNA. The elevated DNA levels seemed to account in full for the increased transcription. The role of the 19K protein in increasing gene expression during viral infection was found to be due to a replication-dependent increase in viral DNA levels. Thus, the 19K protein activates transcription indirectly by producing a higher level of viral or plasmid DNA. The DNA stabilization function of the 19K protein is probably related to the protective role of the 19K protein during viral infection and represents the first example of a viral oncogene product that modulates gene expression by regulating viral and plasmid DNA levels.

Protective role of peroxiredoxin-4 in heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-72
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed ◽  
Masooma Naseem ◽  
Javeria Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Consequent Increase ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Recently, we have read with great interest the article published by Ibarrola et al. (Clin. Sci. (Lond.) (2018) 132, 1471–1485), which used proteomics and immunodetection methods to show that Galectin-3 (Gal-3) down-regulated the antioxidant peroxiredoxin-4 (Prx-4) in cardiac fibroblasts. Authors concluded that ‘antioxidant activity of Prx-4 had been identified as a protein down-regulated by Gal-3. Moreover, Gal-3 induced a decrease in total antioxidant capacity which resulted in a consequent increase in peroxide levels and oxidative stress markers in cardiac fibroblasts.’ We would like to point out some results stated in the article that need further investigation and more detailed discussion to clarify certain factors involved in the protective role of Prx-4 in heart failure.

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