scholarly journals Trait impulsivity is related to ventral ACC and amygdala activity during primary reward anticipation

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara L. Kerr ◽  
Jason A. Avery ◽  
Joel C. Barcalow ◽  
Scott E. Moseman ◽  
Jerzy Bodurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reward Anticipation ◽  
Trait Impulsivity ◽  
Amygdala Activity ◽  
Primary Reward

Impulsivity and Aggression: A Meta-analysis Using the UPPS Model of Impulsivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Bresin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Urgency ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Trait Impulsivity

Trait impulsivity has long been proposed to play a role in aggression, but the results across studies have been mixed. One possible explanation for the mixed results is that impulsivity is a multifaceted construct and some, but not all, facets are related to aggression. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the relation between the different facets of impulsivity (i.e., negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) and aggression. The results from 93 papers with 105 unique samples (N = 36, 215) showed significant and small-to-medium correlations between each facet of impulsivity and aggression across several different forms of aggression, with more impulsivity being associated with more aggression. Moreover, negative urgency (r = .24, 95% [.18, .29]), positive urgency (r = .34, 95% [.19, .44]), and lack of premeditation (r = .23, 95% [.20, .26]) had significantly stronger associations with aggression than the other scales (rs < .18). Two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling showed that these effects were not due to overlap among facets of impulsivity. These results help advance the field of aggression research by clarifying the role of impulsivity and may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in several disciplines.

Alcohol use in daily life: Examining the role of trait and state impulsivity facets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Griffin ◽  
Timothy J Trull
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Trait Impulsivity ◽  
Drinking Behaviors ◽  
Ecological Momentary

Objectives: Using Ecological Momentary Assessment methods (EMA) we aimed to investigate the influence of trait and state (momentary) impulsivity on alcohol use behaviors in daily life. Facets of the UPPS trait model of impulsivity (Whiteside and Lynam, 2001) have been found to differentially relate to alcohol-related outcomes and behaviors in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. The present work expands on this by assessing UPPS facets in daily life and examining the contributions of trait and state impulsivity facets to daily life drinking behavior. Methods: 49 participants were prompted at least six times per day for 21 days. A total of 4,548 collected EMA reports were included in analyses. Multi-level models were computed predicting daily life alcohol use behaviors from state and trait impulsivity facets and relevant covariates. Results: Individual facets of momentary impulsivity differentially related to alcohol outcomes, such that (lack of) premeditation and, to a lesser extent, sensation seeking showed unique patterns of association with drinking and drinking quantity. Only trait levels of (lack of) premeditation were related to drinking behavior in daily life; no other trait UPPS scale significantly related to alcohol use. Conclusions: These results highlight state difficulties with premeditation as particularly relevant to drinking behavior in daily life. Our results also support the incremental validity of state impulsivity facets over trait level measures in relation to drinking behavior in daily life. These findings offer important insight into the phenomenology of daily-life alcohol use and highlight possible avenues for intervention and prevention efforts. Public Health Statement: Momentary fluctuations in premeditation predict alcohol use in daily life. Treatments targeting planning or forethought in relation to alcohol use may interrupt this process contributing to daily life drinking behaviors.

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Psychopathology and Treatment Action

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore P. Beauchaine ◽  
Aimee R. Zisner ◽  
Elizabeth P. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Trait Impulsivity ◽  
Heterotypic Continuity

In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that common forms of psychopathology derive from complex interactions among neurobiological vulnerabilities and environmental adversities. These interactions can alter neurobehavioral development to yield progressively intractable forms of psychopathology across childhood and adolescence. This chapter focuses on neurobiological mechanisms of trait impulsivity, trait anxiety, stress reactivity, and emotion regulation/executive function. How these traits confer vulnerability to externalizing disorders, internalizing disorders, heterotypic comorbidity, and heterotypic continuity is described. Next, neurobiological mechanisms of treatment response are considered. Trait impulsivity and trait anxiety are highly heritable and derive initially from subcortical structures that mature early in life. In contrast, emotion regulation and executive function, which modulate trait impulsivity and trait anxiety, are more sensitive to environmental influence and derive from cortical structures that mature into young adulthood. Neurobiological mechanisms of psychosocial treatment response are represented largely in the cortex and its neuromodulatory connections with the subcortex.

Emotion Dysregulation and Externalizing Spectrum Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 236-247
Author(s):  
Tiffany M. Shader ◽  
Theodore P. Beauchaine
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Neighborhood Violence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Trait Impulsivity ◽  
And Function

As described in the literature for many years, a sizable number of children with hyperactive-impulsive and combined subtypes/presentations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)—especially males—progress to more serious externalizing syndromes across development. Such outcomes include oppositional defiant disorder, conduct problems, delinquency, substance use disorders, and in some cases antisocial personality disorder, incarceration, and recidivism. This chapter summarizes a developmental model that emphasizes different contributions of trait impulsivity, a highly heritable, subcortically mediated vulnerability, versus emotion dysregulation, a highly socialized, cortically mediated vulnerability, to externalizing progression. According to this perspective, trait impulsivity confers vulnerability to all externalizing disorders, but this vulnerability is unlikely to progress beyond ADHD in protective environments. In contrast, for children who are reared under conditions of adversity—including poverty, family violence, deviant peer influences, and neighborhood violence/criminality—neurodevelopment of prefrontal cortex structure and function is compromised, resulting in failures to achieve age-expected gains in emotion regulation and other forms of executive control. For these children, subcortical vulnerabilities to trait impulsivity are amplified by deficient cortical modulation, which facilitates progression along the externalizing spectrum.

scholarly journals A Genetic Polymorphism of the Endogenous Opioid Dynorphin Modulates Monetary Reward Anticipation in the Corticostriatal Loop

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e89954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Votinov ◽  
Juergen Pripfl ◽  
Christian Windischberger ◽  
Klaudius Kalcher ◽  
Alexander Zimprich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Monetary Reward ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Reward Anticipation
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