scholarly journals Enhancement of BMP-2 and VEGF carried by mineralized collagen for mandibular bone regeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Liu ◽  
Chun-Xiu Meng ◽  
Zhao-Yong Lv ◽  
Yu-Jue Zhang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Intramembranous Ossification ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Histological Staining ◽  
Mineralized Collagen

Abstract Repairing damage in the craniofacial skeleton is challenging. Craniofacial bones require intramembranous ossification to generate tissue-engineered bone grafts via angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Here, we designed a mineralized collagen delivery system for BMP-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for implantation into animal models of mandibular defects. BMP-2/VEGF were mixed with mineralized collagen which was implanted into the rabbit mandibular. Animals were divided into (i) controls with no growth factors; (ii) BMP-2 alone; or (iii) BMP-2 and VEGF combined. CT and hisomputed tomography and histological staining were performed to assess bone repair. New bone formation was higher in BMP-2 and BMP-2-VEGF groups in which angiogenesis and osteogenesis were enhanced. This highlights the use of mineralized collagen with BMP-2/VEGF as an effective alternative for bone regeneration.

In vitro evaluation of freeze-drying chitosan-mineralized collagen/Mg–Ca alloy composites for osteogenesis

2022 ◽  
pp. 088532822110492
Author(s):  
Zhenbao Zhang ◽  
Xirao Sun ◽  
Jingxin Yang ◽  
Chengyue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Repair Materials ◽  
Micro Arc Oxidation ◽  
Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Mineralized Collagen

Magnesium (Mg) alloy with good mechanical properties and biodegradability is considered as one of the ideal bone repair materials. However, the rapid corrosion of Mg-based metals can pose harm to the function of an implant in clinical applications. In this study, micro-arc oxidation coating was prepared on the surface of the Mg–Ca matrix, then the chitosan and mineralized collagen (nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen; nHAC) were immobilized on the surface of the MAO/Mg–Ca matrix to construct the CS-nHAC/Mg–Ca composites of different component proportions (the ratio of CS to nHAC is 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2, respectively). The corrosion resistance, osteogenic activity, and angiogenic ability were extensively investigated. The results indicated that the CS-nHAC reinforcement materials can improve the corrosion resistance of the Mg matrix significantly and promote the proliferation and adhesion of mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells (MC3T3-E1) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, the CS-nHAC/Mg–Ca composites can not only promote the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and extracellular matrix mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells but also enhance the migration motility and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of HUVECs. Meanwhile, the 2CS-1nHAC/Mg–Ca composite exhibited the optimum function characteristics compared with other samples. Therefore, considering the improvement of corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, the CS-nHAC/Mg–Ca composites are expected to be a promising orthopedic implant.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Clinicopathologic Analysis Suggests that Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is the Most Likely Mediator of Periosteal New Bone Formation (PNBF) Associated with Diverse Etiologies

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. CMAMD.S442
Author(s):  
Meredith A. Lakey ◽  
Michael J. Klein ◽  
Ona M. Faye-Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Periosteal New Bone Formation

Periosteal new bone formation (PNBF) is the means by which appositional bone growth normally takes place on the surfaces of compact bone. Alterations in the periosteal microenvironment trigger complex interactions between osteoblasts and endothelial cells to promote PNBF. Physiologic processes like mechanical stress result in normal PNBF; but, a variety of pathologic processes result in excessive PNBF. The production of sufficient bone to be detectable by conventional radiography is a common feature of diverse etiologies, including infection; inflammation; prostaglandin E2 administration for ductal-dependent congenital heart disease; metabolic and hormonal abnormalities; neoplasms; fracture repair; systemic hypoxia; and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. While the clinical settings and distribution of affected bone sites in these conditions are different, the histopathology of the PNBF is essentially identical; so, it seems logical that a common pathway might mediate them all. By combining the observations and insights gained from osseous research and studying the clinical pathology of these diverse conditions, we constructed a comprehensive pathway to explain PNBF. In doing so, it seems likely that Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is the most likely common mediator of the pathways that lead to PNBF.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Bone Repair with Four Different Bone Substitutes in Critical Size Defects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gustavo Grossi-Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo P. Faverani ◽  
Bruno Coelho Mendes ◽  
Tárik Ocon Braga Polo ◽  
Gabriel Cury Batista Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Critical Size Defects ◽  
Related Transcription Factor ◽  
Osteoconductive Property ◽  
Bovine Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

This study evaluated the osteoconductive potential of four biomaterials used to fill bone defects. For this, 24 male Albino rabbits were submitted to the creation of a bilateral 8 mm calvarial bone defect. The animals were divided into four groups—bovine hydroxyapatite, Bio-Oss® (BIO); Lumina-Bone Porous® (LBP); Bonefill® (BFL); and an alloplastic material, Clonos® (CLN)—and were euthanized at 14 and 40 days. The samples were subjected to histological and histometric analysis for newly formed bone area. Immunohistochemical analysis for Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and osteocalcin (OC) was performed. After statistical analysis, the CLN group showed greater new bone formation (NB) in both periods analyzed (p<0.05). At 14 days, the NB showed greater values in BIO in relation to LBP and BFL groups; however, after 40 days, the LBP group surpassed the results of BIO (p<0.001). The immunostaining showed a decrease in Runx2 intensity in BIO after 40 days, while it increased for LBP (p<0.05). The CLN showed increased OC compared to the other groups in both periods analyzed (p<0.05). Therefore, CLN showed the best osteoconductive behavior in critical defects in rabbit calvaria, and BFL showed the lowest osteoconductive property.

Adenovirus-mediated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-a potentiates bone morphogenetic protein9-induced osteogenic differentiation and bone formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 397 (8) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-jun Pi ◽  
Kai-lu Liang ◽  
Zhen-yong Ke ◽  
Fu Chen ◽  
Yun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Akt Inhibitor ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are suitable seed cells for bone tissue engineering because they can self-renew and undergo differentiation into osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, or myogenic lineages. Vascular endothelial growth factor-a (VEGF-a), an angiogenic factor, is also involved in osteogenesis and bone repair. However, the effects of VEGF-a on osteogenic MSCs differentiation remain unknown. It was previously reported that bone morphogenetic protein9 (BMP9) is one of the most important osteogenic BMPs. Here, we investigated the effects of VEGF-a on BMP9-induced osteogenesis with mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). We found that endogenous VEGF-a expression was undetectable in MSCs. Adenovirus-mediated expression of VEGF-a in MEFs potentiated BMP9-induced early and late osteogenic markers, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN). In stem cell implantation assays, VEGF-a augmented BMP9-induced ectopic bone formation. VEGF-a in combination with BMP9 effectively increased the bone volume and osteogenic activity. However, the synergistic effect was efficiently abolished by the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT inhibitor LY294002. These results demonstrated that BMP9 may crosstalk with VEGF-a through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to induce osteogenic differentiation in MEFs. Thus, our findings demonstrate the effects of VEGF-a on BMP9-induced bone formation and provide a new potential strategy for treating nonunion fractures, large segmental bony defects, and/or osteoporotic fractures.

scholarly journals Synthesis and in vitro Evaluation of Thermosensitive PLA-g-P(HEM-co-NIPAAM) Hydrogel Used for Delivery of VEGF

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 8043-8051
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Engineered Tissue ◽  
Growth Factor Release ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Near Future ◽  
External Intervention

Bone has self-healing potential, but this characteristic is limited and requires external intervention. Bone formation is a dynamic process influenced by various growth factors. Angiogenesis is a fundamental phase and essential in the early stages of bone regeneration. Because of insufficient vascularization within osteoconductive or osteoinductive bone scaffolds, VEGF can be loaded into the scaffolds structure to induce blood vessels throughout engineered tissue. For this propose, PLA-g-P(HEM-co-NIPAAM) copolymers with HEMA:NIPAAm ratio of 1:1 and 1:5 are synthesized, and their biocompatibility, swelling, and vascular endothelial growth factor release properties are investigated. The hydrogels were biocompatible, and the cell attachment and growth were increased facing these hydrogels. The swelling performance of the synthesized hydrogels is increased by increasing the PHEMA ratio in the copolymer, which leads to high loading capacity. Different specifications for percent released over different time periods were achieved for the as-synthesized hydrogel, which will play a powerful role in bone regeneration in the near future.

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