scholarly journals HyPE study: hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis-related adverse events’ analysis among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a rising public health concern

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bada Sharanappa Nagaraja ◽  
Kalhalli Narayanaswamy Ramesh ◽  
Debjyoti Dhar ◽  
Mahammad Samim Mondal ◽  
Treshita Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract Background The rising burden of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to the mass use of hydroxychloroquine by healthcare workers (HCWs). Adverse event profile of this drug when used as prophylaxis is not well known in the literature. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across the country using semi-structured web-based questionnaire among COVID-19 negative and asymptomatic healthcare workers, taking hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis. Descriptive and multivariate logistic-regression models were applied for analysis. Results Of the 166 participants, at least one adverse event was experienced by 37.9% participants, gastrointestinal being the most common (30.7%). Risk was higher in participants <40 years age (odd’s ratio (OR): 2.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–5.05) and after first dose of hydroxychloroquine (51.2%, OR: 2.38, 95%CI: 1.17–4.84). Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis was initiated without electrocardiography by 80.1% of HCWs. Only 21.6% of those with cardiovascular disease could get prior ECG. Conclusions A higher incidence of adverse events was observed when results were compared with studies involving patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine therapy. Younger age and first dose were associated with greater incidence of adverse events though all were self-limiting. Monitoring prior and during prophylaxis was inadequate even among those with cardiovascular disease and risk-factors. However, no serious cardiovascular events were reported.

scholarly journals Perception of mucormycosis infection among Bangladeshi healthcare workers: an exploratory cross-sectional study in the year following the COVID-19 pandemic

2022 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Humayun Kabir ◽  
Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Mamunur Rahman ◽  
Shimpi Akter ◽  
Golam Ishraque Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Mucormycosis, a severe fungal infection, is an emerging public health concern during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the perception of mucormycosis among Bangladeshi healthcare workers. Results An exploratory cross-sectional study was carried out among the Bangladeshi healthcare workers from May 25, 2021, to June 5, 2021. The study found 422 responses from the healthcare workers of Bangladesh. Among the respondents, nearly half of them (45.26%) were doctors (n = 191). This study explored that the healthcare workers’ mucormycosis perception scores were significantly associated with their age, gender, profession, monthly income, marital status, job type, and death of friends and family members due to COVID-19. Conclusions This study emphasized the healthcare workers’ mucormycosis perception along with other associated factors. The findings could help policymakers to mitigate mucormycosis and related infectious diseases emergencies in the post-COVID-19 situation.

Spontaneous Reporting of Adverse Drug Reaction Among Health Professionals In Kpone-Katamanso District, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morrison Asiamah ◽  
Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo ◽  
Pricillia Nortey ◽  
Nina Donkor ◽  
Anthony Danso-Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Spontaneous Reporting ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Pharmacovigilance System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Statistical Adjustment

Abstract Background: Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADR) is an effective means of ensuring postmarketing surveillance of drugs, and health professionals play a cardinal role through voluntary reporting of ADR. However, the pharmacovigilance system in Ghana is plagued with under-reporting issues, which is of public health concern. Method: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study involving 268 health professionals at Kpone-Katamanso District was carried out. Data on spontaneous reporting of ADR, demographics of participants, knowledge, and attitudes of professionals towards reporting and factors that may influence ADR reporting were collected. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of the independent variables with spontaneous reporting of ADR.Result: Overall, 77.6% (208) of the 268 respondents had witnessed ADR; however, only 17.3% of the respondents have ever reported an ADR to the FDA. Health professionals who had adequate knowledge on spontaneous reporting of ADR were 51.9%, while 30.3% had very good knowledge of spontaneous reporting of ADR. After statistical adjustment, Age (AOR=2.26, 95%CI= 1.25–4.10), Fear of Legal Consequences (AOR=0.15, 95%CI=0.41–0.51), Time Constraint (AOR=0.3, 95%CI=0.10–0.91), Pharmacovigilance training (AOR= 18.78, 95%CI= 5.46–64.59) and Unavailability of Reporting form (AOR=0.28, 95%CI=0.09– 0.88) were found to be significantly associated spontaneous reporting of ADR. Conclusion: The proportion of health professionals in the Kpone-Katamanso District who spontaneously report observed ADR is low. Our findings underscore the need for the FDA to intensify awareness through media sensitization and engage all relevant stakeholders on the need for the entire population to report ADR.

scholarly journals The impact of diabetes on multiple avoidable admissions: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Seringa ◽  
Ana Patrícia Marques ◽  
Bruno Moita ◽  
Cátia Gaspar ◽  
João Filipe Raposo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Multiple admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) are responsible for an important proportion of health care expenditures. Diabetes is one of the conditions consensually classified as an ACSC being considered a major public health concern. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of diabetes on the occurrence of multiple admissions for ACSC. Methods We analysed inpatient data of all public Portuguese NHS hospitals from 2013 to 2015 on multiple admissions for ACSC among adults aged 18 or older. Multiple ACSC users were identified if they had two or more admissions for any ACSC during the period of analysis. Two logistic regression models were computed. A baseline model where a logistic regression was performed to assess the association between multiple admissions and the presence of diabetes, adjusting for age and sex. A full model to test if diabetes had no constant association with multiple admissions by any ACSC across age groups. Results Among 301,334 ACSC admissions, 144,209 (47.9%) were classified as multiple admissions and from those, 59,436 had diabetes diagnosis, which corresponded to 23,692 patients. Patients with diabetes were 1.49 times (p < 0,001) more likely to be admitted multiple times for any ACSC than patients without diabetes. Younger adults with diabetes (18–39 years old) were more likely to become multiple users. Conclusion Diabetes increases the risk of multiple admissions for ACSC, especially in younger adults. Diabetes presence is associated with a higher resource utilization, which highlights the need for the implementation of adequate management of chronic diseases policies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of short-term safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with multiple sclerosis from Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 205521732110615
Author(s):  
Ricardo Alonso ◽  
Aníbal Chertcoff ◽  
Felisa del V Leguizamón ◽  
Lorna Galleguillos Goiry ◽  
Maria B Eizaguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Adenovirus Vector ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Patient Organizations ◽  
Latin American Countries

Background To date, there are no data available on the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in Latin American patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Objective Characterize safety of COVID-19 vaccines in Latin American (LATAM) patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). Methods A cross-sectional study between February 1, 2021, and April 30, 2021. Individuals with MS from LATAM countries were invited to participate in a self-administered web-based survey, through MS patient organizations from the region. Results 393 vaccinated pwMS from 10 different Latin American countries were included. The vaccines administered were: inactivated virus vaccines (IVV) in 38.2% of patients, adenovirus vector vaccines (AdV) in 48.8% and mRNA vaccines 13%. All patients received at least one dose of any of the COVID-19 vaccines and 123 (31.3%) declared receiving a second dose. Mean (SD) age 41.5 (11.8) years, 82.4% female, MS disease duration: 8.4 (8.2) years. No serious adverse events were reported with any of the COVID-19 vaccines after either the first or second dose. A lower frequency of adverse events was found with IVV (22%) in comparison with AdV (46.4%) and mRNA (35.3%) ( p < 0.01). Five participants reported having an MS relapse after IVV first dose. Conclusion COVID-19 vaccines applied in LATAM proved safe for MS patients.

scholarly journals The role of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic on anxiety and stress among the Palestinian general population: A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzeh Al Zabadi ◽  
Maryam Haj-Yahya ◽  
Noor Yaseen ◽  
Thair Alhroub
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Moderate Stress

Abstract BackgroundImplication of quarantine as a global response to COVID-19 may have created a dramatic psychological and emotional effect on people, which are yet to be studied and thoroughly understood. We aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and stress severity among the Palestinian population.MethodsA cross-sectional web-based survey throughout the social media on internet was conducted. An anonymous online questionnaire and snowball recruiting technique were used to target the general public in Palestine during the lockdowns of COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected between 6- 16 April 2020 which corresponded to almost the middle interval of the strict massive lockdown measures in Palestine started 22 March to 5 May 2020. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed for the outcome variables (stress and anxiety severity).ResultsAbout 2819 individuals completed the questionnaire. The mean (range) age was 29.47 (18-71) years. Anxiety prevalence was 25.15%, with 20.08% as mild/moderate anxiety. The prevalence of stress was 38.77% with 22.21% had mild/moderate stress. The prevalence of both anxiety and stress was 20.3% among participants. Males were less likely to have mild\moderate degree or sever\extremely sever degree of stress compared to females. Shortage of food supply, those having high-risk group family member, those who considered conversation with other people as source of information and those reporting higher fear of being infected were more likely to have higher degree of stress and/or anxiety compared to normal. Those with a monthly income of less than 2000 New Israeli Shekels (<555 USD) were significantly more likely to have mild/moderate stress compared to normal and higher monthly incomes. Gaza residency also shows significant negative predictor of stress severity compared to West Bank and Jerusalem. ConclusionsThis study reported high rates of anxiety and stress among the Palestinian general population during COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns. These findings highlight the importance of follow up of these findings for better management of the pandemic and a preferable handling of the socio-economical factors and their impacts on the psychological health of the population.

Assessment of adverse events among cervical cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110681
Author(s):  
Muthoni Kibaara ◽  
Amsalu Degu
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kenyatta National Hospital ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Introduction Due to their cytotoxic nature, anticancer drugs and radiotherapy have the potential to cause toxic adverse events. As a result, they can increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. However, there was a lack of data among cervical cancer patients in our setting. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of adverse events among cervical cancer patients at Kenyatta National Hospital. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed among a consecutive sample of 151 adult cervical cancer patients. The data were collected by reviewing the medical records and interviewing the patients. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 27.0 software. The results were presented with frequency tables and graphs. Results A total of 214 adverse events (prevalence of 100%) were identified from 151 patients. The most common adverse events identified were ulcerated sores (52.8%), dysuria (7.5%), thrombocytopenia (5.6%), and loss of appetite (5.6%). The majority of the patients (80.8%) who had adverse events were on radiotherapy. As per the Naranjo causality assessment scale, the predominant (80.1%) proportion of the adverse event was a probable adverse event with a total score of 5–8. Besides, 15.9% of the adverse events had a possible causality. The present study also reported that 61.6% of patients with a probable adverse event were treated with radiotherapy. Conclusion The prevalence of adverse events among cervical patients was high in our setting. The predominant proportion of the adverse event was a probable adverse event and most of them were treated with radiotherapy.

scholarly journals C-Peptide Versus Insulin: Relationships with Risk Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic Syndrome in Young Arab Females

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abdullah ◽  
H. Hasan ◽  
V. Raigangar ◽  
W. Bani-Issa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide

Background. Obesity is a major health concern and is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) that increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since little is known about the relationships between MetS components and CVD in overweight/obese young Arab females, our study aimed at examining these relationships and further to explore the associations between connecting peptide (C-peptide) and insulin with these biomarkers.Subjects and Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 80 apparently healthy young Arab females were recruited and grouped by their body mass index (BMI) into normal-weight (GI) and overweight/obese (GII) groups.Results. The two groups significantly differed in BMI, waist circumference (WC) and values of biomarkers, namely, leptin, fasting insulin, uric acid (UA), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). C-peptide significantly correlated with WC, leptin, UA, and HDL-C and was predicted by three biomarkers; UA, WC and HDL-C. Whereas, insulin significantly correlated with only two biomarkers including leptin and DBP and was predicted by UA and DBP.Conclusions. The present study highlighted the association between MetS and CVD in young Arab females and the possible role of C-peptide in the prediction of CVD.

scholarly journals Multimorbidity in cardiovascular disease and association with life satisfaction: a Chinese national cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e042950
Author(s):  
Guihao Liu ◽  
Yunlian Xue ◽  
Yuanhui Liu ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Qingshan Geng
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Chronic Conditions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Nationally Representative

BackgroundThe coexistence of multiple chronic conditions is very common in cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the prevalence of CVD multimorbidity in China and its influence on life satisfaction have not been reported. This study aimed to investigate the proportions of 12 chronic comorbid diseases in CVD and the associations of multimorbidity with life satisfaction in patients with CVD.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in a nationally representative sample of 3478 participants with CVD aged 45 years or more who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2015. Correlations of multimorbidity with 12 chronic diseases in CVD and life satisfaction were investigated using logistic regression models, after adjusting for 12 covariates.ResultsThe proportion of multimorbidity among participants with CVD was 93.3% (89.4% for middle-aged adults and 95.4% for older adults; 92.9% for men and 93.5% for women). The proportion of participants with CVD multimorbidity who were dissatisfied with life was 11.2%, significantly higher than those without any chronic diseases (χ2=5.147, p=0.023). Life satisfaction in patients with CVD decreased with increased number of comorbidities (χ2=45.735, p<0.001). Kidney disease (OR=1.933, 95% CI: 1.483 to 2.521), memory-related diseases (MRDs) (OR=1.695, 95% CI: 1.149 to 2.501) and dyslipidaemia (OR=1.346, 95% CI: 1.048 to 1.729) were significantly associated with reduced life satisfaction when adjusting for 12 covariates.ConclusionsIn this nationally representative cross-sectional study, life satisfaction was reduced by multimorbidity of CVD. Kidney disease had the greatest influence on life satisfaction in patients with CVD, followed by dyslipidaemia and MRDs. Our study emphasises the importance of preventing of chronic diseases in adults with CVD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis among Hospital Administrative Staff in Kuala Lumpur

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Mohd Hasni Jaafar ◽  
Kumaren Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Hospital Administrative

In the United States, there were about 10 to 15 million people with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who are asymptomatic, particularly among healthcare workers (HCWs). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of LTBI among the HCWs in a main general hospital in Malaysia. About 401 HCWs have been enrolled in this cross sectional study conducted in November 2014 until January 2015. A standardised questionnaire was used to obtain their demography and job description together with Tuberculin skin test (TST). The prevalence of LTBI in the institution was about 46.4%, which was high. It was common amongst a younger age group and male HCWs. The noble finding was the study proved that the administrative type of work in a clinical setting has the highest prevalence and risk (adjusted OR=5.366; 95% CI=1.397-20.619) compared to others. Non-clinical HCWs like administrator should be treated as one of potential job for TBI in any hospital or clinic. Any programme on TBI awareness and prevention should include them too.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis among Hospital Administrative Staff in Kuala Lumpur

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Mohd Hasni Jaafar ◽  
Kumaren Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Administrative Staff ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Hospital Administrative

In the United States, there were about 10 to 15 million people with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) who are asymptomatic, particularly among healthcare workers (HCWs). The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of LTBI among the HCWs in a main general hospital in Malaysia. About 401 HCWs have been enrolled in this cross sectional study conducted in November 2014 until January 2015. A standardised questionnaire was used to obtain their demography and job description together with Tuberculin skin test (TST). The prevalence of LTBI in the institution was about 46.4%, which was high. It was common amongst a younger age group and male HCWs. The noble finding was the study proved that the administrative type of work in a clinical setting has the highest prevalence and risk (adjusted OR=5.366; 95% CI=1.397-20.619) compared to others. Non-clinical HCWs like administrator should be treated as one of potential job for TBI in any hospital or clinic. Any programme on TBI awareness and prevention should include them too.

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